关于公文格式几个问题的探想

公文格式是公文的外部形态，是公文制作人员不可忽视的一个严肃问题。本文就公文格式的名称、编排，项目分类以及与文种的关系，标题的结构，抄报、抄送、抄发及附注的使用等问题，谈了一些自己的见解。     

公文写作中不规范现象及对策浅析

公文是国家机关、社会团体、企事业单位在行政管理活动中,按照一定的程序和规范格式制定的传递信息和处理事务的工具。公文写作的规范化体现公文的严肃性,直接影响公文所发挥的效用。该文以公文写作中的不规范现象为切入点,提出了公文写作不规范现象的一些对策,对提高公文写作质量具有一定的现实意义。     

如何加快电子公文的实施力度

广义的讲，电子公文是指使用计算机系统制作形成的，存储于磁盘、光盘等介质，通过计算机系统阅读、处理并可在通信网络上传输的公文。就目前我国党政机关等职能部门的应用而言，电子公文是指各地区、各部门通过由国务院办公厅统一配置的电子公文传输系统处理后形成的具有规范格式的公文的电子数据。     

利用WPS2003模板制作行政机关标准公文

国家行政机关的公文,例如政府文件、政府办公厅(室)文件、请示、报告、会议纪要、决定、通知、通报等,是行政机关在行政管理过程中形成的具有法定效力和规范体式的文书,是依法行政和进行公务活动的重要工具。规范化是公文制作及处理的第一要求,公文格式必须标准、规范、严谨。国务院最新发布的《国家行政机关公文处理办法》和国家质量技术监督局颁布的《国家行政机关公文格式》标准(GB/T9704-1999),对各类公文格式作了详尽说明,例如公文种类划分为“命令(令)、决定、公告、通告、通知、通报、议案、报告、请示、批复、意见、函、会议纪要”共13类、14个文种;公文用纸一般采用国际A4型(210mm×297mm);版芯及各个组成部分的字体字号及位置等等,都有规范的要求。     

电子公文规范与标准化研究

电子政务的广泛应用使电子公文成为我国各级机关和企事业单位的行政工具.然而由于目前电子公文格式还未进行统一的规范,国家缺乏统一的电子公文建设标准和系统模型,从而导致了电子公文信息交换与共享产生了一定的困难.本文针对目前电子公文的规范与标准化问题进行了探讨.     

Word文档页面方向的横纵混排使用技巧

在日常公文处理中，很多文件附件的格式是横向或者纸型是A3，而公文正文的格式却是纵向并且纸型是A4。许多单位在处理这类文件的时候都是把公文附件单独作为一个word文档独立于公文正文。下面介绍一下我在工作中处理这个问题的方法，和大家一起探讨。假设A文档为公文正文，格式为A4，纵向。B文档为公文附件，格式为A3，横向。     

公文标题常见病例举隅

针对公文拟制过程中出现的不规范或错误的标题 ,从滥行省略、文种错用、语法不规范、表述不清、表达不简洁、适用不当、标点符号乱用、体号混乱八个方面 ,按《国家行政机关公处理办法》《国家行政机关公文格式》的规定加以分析 ,从多个角度提出了公文标题拟制的基本要素和规范要求     

谈公文标题的制作与处理

公文的标题是公文格式的重要组成部分,具有独特的制作特点和重要作用,在制作和处理公文标题时,我们不仅要了解它各部分的组成顺序,更重要的是要掌握标题的语法特点和写作方法,才能规范地、准确地制作出标准的公文标题。     

高职高专规划教材《应用写作》评析

本文以《国家行政机关公文处理办法》和《国家行政机关公文格式》为依据，指出了教育部高职高专规划教材《应用写作》在内容、格式等方面存在的问题，分析了问题产生的原因并提出了规范性的意见和建议。     

对改进和规范高校公文处理程序的思考

改进和规范高校公文处理程序，遵循公文处理程序办事是建立和完善高校正常工作秩序，提高办事效率的重要途径。本文从改进规范公文送批、公文选用文种、领导批办公文、公文校对四个方面进行阐述。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that