基于满意度的可持续物流设施选址问题的多目标优化方法

【目的】为了研究可持续物流设施选址问题研究对企业供应链管理和物流配送服务中心的可持续性发展的影响。【方法】基于传统的无容量物流配送服务中心选址问题，引入满意度函数衡量客户对物流配送服务中心提供服务水平的平均满意程度，建立了以经济成本最小化、客户平均满意度最大化和二氧化碳排放量最小化为目标的一个多目标优化模型。【结果】基于多目标优化问题经典的ε 约束标量化方法和贪婪算法思想提出了多目标优化模型的一个求解算法。【结论】提出的多目标优化方法能够在较高的满意度下获得更优的经济成本和碳排放量，为更好地解决无容量物流配送服务中心选址问题提供了一个新的方法。     

高速公路充电站选址定容问题的多目标优化方法（英文）

【目的】高速公路充电站位置选择和容量确定对电动汽车应用推广具有重要意义。【方法】针对高速公路充电站选址定容问题,通过引入充电站的平均适配率,即电动汽车的充电需求与当前充电站总容量之间的匹配程度,以充电站的建设成本最小和充电站的平均适配率最大为目标建立了新的多目标优化模型。【结果】利用多目标优化问题的NSGA-Ⅱ算法对模型进行了数值实验,验证了模型的有效性。此外,本文也进一步研究了出行车辆数量、充电桩功率以及续航里程对充电站的建设成本和适配率的影响。【结论】数值实验表明:本文提出的多目标优化方法可以得到更高的充电站利用率和更低的建设成本,为高速公路充电站的选址定容问题提供了更加科学合理的决策参考。     

绩效评价中最优基础工作量的研究

【目的】研究绩效分配中最优基础工作量问题。【方法】利用多目标优化工具。【结果】建立与基础工作量相关的分值转换模型、满意度模型,得到以最小化满意度差的平方和、最大化满意度和为目标的多目标优化模型,并利用遗传算法对此多目标优化模型求解。【结论】结果表明此多目标优化模型存在弱有效解,且是科学合理的。
     

油料调度保障问题的多目标优化方法

【目的】研究油料保障活动中的调度保障问题。【方法】综合多方面因素，构建了以调度效率最大化、系统调度成本最小化以及系统调度时间最小化为目标函数的多目标优化模型。【结果】利用多目标优化的主要目标法等标量化方法将问题转化为单目标优化模型，分析该模型解的性质并提出相应的遗传算法进行求解。【结论】提出的多目标优化方法能够在保障调度效率的同时获得相应较低的系统成本和相应较短的系统调度时间，可为油料调度保障问题提供决策参考。     

绩效评价中最优基础工作量的研究

【目的】研究绩效分配中最优基础工作量问题。【方法】利用多目标优化工具。【结果】建立与基础工作量相关的分值转换模型、满意度模型,得到以最小化满意度差的平方和、最大化满意度和为目标的多目标优化模型,并利用遗传算法对此多目标优化模型求解。【结论】结果表明此多目标优化模型存在弱有效解,且是科学合理的。     

绩效评价问题一类新的多目标优化方法

【目的】提出绩效评价问题一类新的多目标优化方法。【方法】通过构建体现公平与激励兼容的具二次形式的一次分值转换函数,利用"K-均值"算法对评价对象进行归类,进而构建满意度函数,在此基础上构建以评价对象满意度尽可能大为目标的多目标优化模型,并对该模型进行标量化处理。【结果】标量化模型结构更加简洁,能获得弱有效解。【结论】新的多目标优化方法在绩效评价问题中能获得较高的整体满意度。同时也提出了绩效评价中一些需要进一步突破和解决的关键科学问题。     

中断情景下EV充电站与多类型充电桩联合布局优化

【目的】当前研究较少考虑中断情景与电动汽车（electric vehicle, EV）用户充电距离,且多是对充电站的选址进行规划。有鉴于此,在中断情景下将研究范畴拓展至充电站与充电桩联合布局优化,以成本最小和距离最短为目标构建了多目标规划模型。【方法】针对问题的NP-hard特性,首先设计了基于K-Means聚类的启发式算法,以快速生成较好的初始可行解,然后提出改进遗传算法求解模型。【结果】通过算例分析,验证了模型的有效性。【结论】所建模型能够有效解决中断情景下的EV充电站与充电桩联合布局优化问题,所提算法在求解精度与稳定性方面要优于已有算法。     

考虑激增需求下前置仓两阶段选址研究

【目的】考虑时效、成本、效率等关键词目标下，对激增需求下生鲜电商前置仓的两阶段选址问题进行研究。【方法】首先基于前置仓的配送范围和订单处理量，以生鲜电商企业的利润最大化为目标函数，建立了正常需求与激增需求下的前置仓选址模型，并运用一种基于遗传算法的K-means聚类算法对两阶段选址进行求解。【结果】与以往从备选地址中选择最终地址的研究不同，在本研究中通过直接考虑用户地址和需求情况进行建模求解，验证了改进后的方法的可行性和有效性。【结论】结合需求激增，刻画了需求变化情况下的两阶段选址的动态过程。     

基于 NSGA-Ⅱ 的考虑客户满意度的多目标车辆路径问题研究

【目的】研究考虑客户满意度最大和总成本最小的车辆路径问题。【方法】引入了带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对模型进行求解，并采用Python进行程序编写，选取Solomon 的标准测试数据进行数值实验。【结果】建立客户满意度最大和企业总成本最小的双目标优化模型，实现了车辆数、客户满意度、总路径长度以及成本费用的优化。【结论】实验结果表明所建立的优化模型能够在给客户带来高质量服务的同时，较好地降低成本，对物流企业的配送决策提供一定的参考价值。     

城市地下垃圾中转站选址-分配问题研究

【目的】为缓解城市垃圾运输及处理压力，解决垃圾中转站转运能力不足、投入成本过高、环境污染严重等问题，研究城市地下垃圾中转站选址 分配问题。【方法】首先，结合城市垃圾收运模式及地下物流特征，建立以垃圾中转站建设成本、垃圾运输成本和垃圾分类管理成本之和最小为目标的混合整数数学规划模型。其次，以上海市为例，基于该市空间布局特征，随机生成20组不同规模的算例。再次，借助优化软件CPLEX对模型的有效性及求解效果进行验证分析。最后，借助24组小规模算例进行了实例演练，并进行了成本扰动分析。【结果】1） 建立的模型在300 s内可求解最大问题的规模为1 000个垃圾收集点、50个地下垃圾中转站、4个垃圾处理厂。2） 随着问题规模（垃圾收集点、地下垃圾中转站）的增大，问题求解复杂度急剧增加。3） 单位运输成本相比单位建设成本和单位分类管理成本对选址 分配方案的影响更大。【结论】研究成果不仅对现有选址 分配问题的理论进行拓展，而且可有效缓解城市垃圾收运压力、节省垃圾转运投入成本，为城市环卫规划部门提供决策支持。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that