基于线性标量化方法的多目标优化牛顿算法

【目的】为了研究更高效地求解多目标优化问题，得到更有效的Pareto前沿面。【方法】通过对目标函数的二次近似及近似形式的线性加权标量化构造了新的搜索方向，提出了一类新的牛顿算法。进一步考虑了Pareto面的均匀性的优化，利用个体聚集密度来衡量Pareto面的均匀程度，从而在上述新的牛顿算法基础上提出了改善Pareto面均匀程度的算法步骤。【结果】在目标函数二阶连续可导且局部强凸的假设条件下证明了新的牛顿算法可以超线性收敛到Pareto弱有效解；在目标函数具有二阶连续偏导数且Lipschitz连续条件下证明了该算法可以局部二次收敛到Pareto弱有效解。【结论】基于线性标量化方法的多目标优化牛顿算法在迭代次数以及Pareto前沿面均匀性具有一定优越性。     

基于范数标量化方法的多目标次梯度算法

【目的】提高多目标优化问题的收敛速率及解的精度。【方法】在欧式空间中基于范数标量化方法提出了求解多目标优化问题的次梯度算法。【结果】在每个目标函数与相应最小值的差的平方为凸函数的假设下，证明了多目标次梯度算法的Pareto弱有效解的收敛性。【结论】数值实验结果表明：提出的多目标次梯度算法在求解多目标线性优化模型时具有更快的收敛率，并且在求解非光滑多目标优化问题时具有更高的解的精度。     

基于代理辅助选择策略的多目标进化算法

【目的】在目标函数评估昂贵的情形下,为目标空间维度较高的多目标优化问题提供一种有效的解决方案。【方法】在基于分解的多目标进化算法的基础上,采用种群聚类的办法对决策空间中的种群进行聚类,确定后代点的生成邻域。在生成后代的过程中,首先扩大遗传算法中父代样本点的选择范围,然后利用径向基函数对生成的候选点种群进行筛选,并选择值最好的候选点作为后代,进而更新种群。【结果】得到了解决具有高维目标空间的昂贵多目标进化算法。【结论】就具有高维目标空间的测试问题而言,本文提出的算法与多目标邻域回归优化算法相比有很大优势。     

基于选择算子改进的多目标基因算法

【目的】为了提高多目标基因算法的有效性,获得更真实的Pareto前沿面。【方法】利用有效点定义减少计算复杂度,并基于分类Pareto前沿面的动态规划,定义了密度指数描绘前沿面上有效点的密集程度,使得被选点差异性更大且更靠近前沿面。【结果】在减少计算复杂度和增加被选点多样性这两方面改进了多目标基因算法。【结论】数值实验结果表明该方法是有效的。     

一种基于L-函数的非单调自适应信赖域算法

利用函数L-就无约束优化问题提出了一种非单调自适应信赖域算法。算法中信赖域半径自动更新依赖函数L-,步长的求解采用了非单调wolfe线搜索技术。在一定条件下,证明了算法的全局收敛性,数值实验表明算法稳定有效。     

基于选择算子改进的多目标基因算法

【目的】为了提高多目标基因算法的有效性,获得更真实的Pareto前沿面。【方法】利用有效点定义减少计算复杂度,并基于分类Pareto前沿面的动态规划,定义了密度指数描绘前沿面上有效点的密集程度,使得被选点差异性更大且更靠近前沿面。【结果】在减少计算复杂度和增加被选点多样性这两方面改进了多目标基因算法。【结论】数值实验结果表明该方法是有效的。
     

(G-V,ρ)不变凸多目标规划的对偶条件

【目的】用更广义的凸函数来研究多目标规划问题。【方法】利用局部Lipschitz函数,定义了一类新的(G-V,ρ)不变凸函数,研究了涉及新定义函数的非可微半无限多目标规划问题。【结果】得到了Mond-Weir对偶问题的弱对偶条件和严格逆对偶条件。【结论】在新的凸性下推广了非可微多目标规划问题的对偶条件。     

具有范数结构多目标优化问题的近似方法及应用

【目的】研究了一类特殊的具有范数结构的多目标优化问题,并应用于解决实际问题。【方法】针对这类多目标优化问题的求解,基于标量化思想,在适当假设条件下提出了一种近似方法。【结果】可以通过调整几类参数的取值范围获得多目标优化问题的Pareto解。【结论】利用具有范数结构的多目标优化模型和本文提出的近似求解方法于绩效管理中基础工作量的设置和电厂发电机的分配问题。     

带有固定区间的双代理排序问题

【目的】研究带有固定区间的双代理排序问题。【方法】第一个代理的工件加工过程可以中断，考虑两种机器类型：单台机器时考虑的目标函数为总权误工损失或总权提前损失；两台平行机时考虑的目标函数为总完工时间，同时必须在规定的固定区间加工第二个代理的工件，目标是在满足第二个代理目标的可行性前提下寻找一个使第一个代理的目标函数值更小的排序方案。【结果】设计了单台机器固定区间工件损失问题的排序算法，也为两台平行机总完工时间问题设计了相应算法。【结论】设计的算法可在多项式时间内得到解决，且证明了算法的最优性，并用数值实验说明了算法的可行性。     

带线搜索的修正拟牛顿非单调信赖域算法

提出了一类新的求解无约束最优化问题的非单调信赖域算法.不同于传统的非单调信赖域算法,此算法在每步都采用非单调W olfe线搜索得到下一个迭代点.这样得到的新算法不仅不需重解子问题,而且在每步迭代满足新拟牛顿方程同时保证目标函数的近似Hessen阵Bk的正定性.在较弱的条件下,证明了此算法的全局收敛性.数值结果表明该算法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that