三相比率对三元料浆流变性及燃烧性的影响

选用适当的分散剂和乳化剂制备出了油、水、煤组成的三元混合料浆——水基油水煤浆及油基油水煤浆。并研究了三相比率对两种三元料浆流变性和粘度的影响，探讨了三元料浆的燃烧特性。结果表明：油基和水基三元混合料浆均为屈服假塑性流体，油基煤浆的粘度随外相油含量的减少及内相煤水比率的增加而增大；水基煤浆的粘度随水油比率的降低及煤油比率的增加而增大。燃烧性实验表明．三元料浆的燃烧性能良好．燃烧效率高．是一种工业应用前景广阔的浆体。     

煤浆燃料技术

本文扼要综述煤浆燃料的发展和技术特征，介绍了水煤浆、油煤浆、甲醇煤浆等处于能源改型中的代油煤基料浆，介绍了煤质、添加剂，煤粉粒度分布对形成稳定煤浆燃料的影响。     

精细油水煤浆在柴油机上燃烧过程计算分析

根据精细油水煤浆固液两相流体燃料的特征,分析了其对柴油机供给系统的影响,查找出了燃烧精细油水煤浆使偶件出现磨损和卡死现象的原因,并提出了解决问题的应对措施。再通过对发动机工作时气缸中热力过程的分析,研究并总结了精细油水煤浆在柴油机上的燃烧特性,给出了精细油水煤浆的燃烧过程的合理的微观解释;且通过计算精细油水煤浆在发动机中各个工作阶段的着火温度和热效率,说明了精细油水煤浆在柴油机上燃烧的可行性和经济性。     

技术转让

北京科技大学成果集锦 黑液和煤制备煤浆治理黑液污染 编号： J201018 造纸工业是一个污染严重、用水量大、能耗高的行业，而我国又是一个以草类造纸为主的大国。由于草类制浆黑液硅含量高，非常难治理，对环境造成严重污染。根据造纸厂治理黑液现状，并结合水煤浆的特点，北京科技大学研究了以黑液和煤制备煤浆技术治理造纸厂黑液污染。 利用煤和黑液制备煤浆洁净燃料，一是利用了黑液中木质素的分散性能和黑液中的水，节约了制备煤浆的药剂和大量的水资源，同时回收了黑液中热能。二是发挥了煤浆低污染和能源利用率高的特点，降低了造纸…     

小型火炬试验炉内的煤水浆燃烧试验

煤水浆是一种近年来开发的新型燃料,本文报导了在冶金炉窑内进行煤水浆燃烧试验及其相应的试验装置。文中结合煤水浆的燃烧特点,着重分析了影响燃烧效率的主要因素和合理组织燃烧的要领,并叙述了切实有效的点火方式。这对今后冶金企业实现以煤代油、烧用煤水浆提供了重要的实验依据。     

煤浆浓度对油煤浆流变特性和表观黏度的影响

煤浆质量分数是影响油煤浆流变特性的主要因素之一。文中研究了煤浆质量分数对内蒙古胜利褐煤与液化起始溶剂和循环溶剂配制成的油煤浆的流变特性和表观黏度的影响。采用NXS-11A型旋转黏度计测量煤浆体系在30～70℃时在不同剪切速率下的剪切应力和表观黏度,绘制煤浆体系流变曲线和黏度曲线,分析了流变和黏度特性。结果表明:在实验条件下胜利褐煤起始溶剂油煤浆和循环溶剂油煤浆都符合宾汉流体的特征;油煤浆体系的塑性黏度、屈服应力和表观黏度都随煤浆质量分数的增大而增大,煤浆的表观黏度与煤浆质量分数之间呈指数增长型关系,当煤浆质量分数超过一定数值范围后,煤浆体系的表观黏度会急剧上升。     

双鸭山煤油煤浆流变特性的影响因素

为研究双鸭山煤油煤浆的流变特性,采用旋转粘度计分析了在30～70 ℃煤颗粒的直径、煤浆质量分数、煤浆温度以及剪切速率等因素对双鸭山煤油煤浆流变特性的影响规律.结果表明:实验条件下,双鸭山煤油煤浆体系的流变特性符合幂定律模型;当煤粉颗粒直径增大时,煤浆的流变指数n值增加而稠度系数K值减小;随着煤浆质量分数的增大,煤浆的K增大,n减小;随着温度的升高,K值减小;随剪切速率的增大煤浆体系的表观粘度值减小,煤浆体系表现出一定的剪切稀化行为.     

重油—煤—水,水基三元混合燃料的制备及其流变性

使用适当的分散剂和乳化剂制备出一种新型水基（Ｏ／Ｗ）重油－煤－水三元混合燃料（ＨＯＣＷＦ），研究了体系组成、温度、分散剂种类及含量对体系流变性的影响，对混合燃料燃烧性能的初步测试表明这种煤、液混合燃料性能优于油煤浆和水煤浆。     

燃用乳化柴油对减少柴油机NOx排放量的试验研究

通过的柴油机上燃用掺水乳化油试验证实，燃用掺水乳化柴油可以减少发动机ＮＯｘ排放面且水与油在１：１０的比例内，掺水量越多发动机ＮＯｘ排放浓度越低。     

关于煤水浆点火与稳定燃烧的研究

本文分析了煤水浆着火和燃烧特性,提出了水在煤水浆着火过程中的扩散屏蔽效应及打破该屏蔽的措施。根据着火热力分析,探讨了煤水浆着火和稳定燃烧的条件,并通过实验室点火试验提出了几种点火方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that