《明史·宰辅年表》：史源与评价——兼论《明史》纂修取向的变化

《明史·宰辅年表》是＂二十四史＂之一《明史》的四表之一。该表以《明史稿·宰辅年表》为底本,并参据明朝＂国史＂《明实录》编写而成。由于缺乏对史料的辨析及必要的考证,该表较为粗疏,质量并不高。而由该表的编写,可窥见《明史》修纂取向的变化,及其在清代学术风尚变迁中的特殊地位。     

新出土明代陈庆墓志考释

陈庆墓志为探讨明代兵部尚书陈经家族历史提供了珍贵金石文献资料。墓志由嘉靖朝内阁首辅李时撰文,涉及到当时许多高中级官员的姓名、职衔,具有比较重要的学术研究价值。按照《文物藏品定级标准》的有关规定,将此墓志鉴定为国家二级文物。     

隆庆末张居正冯保矫诏辨正

隆庆末张居正冯保矫诏辨正荣真明朝隆庆六年（１５７２年）五月，明穆宗去世前后，在最高统治中枢内部，为最高行政权力的最后归属展开了一场你死我活的争斗。斗争的结果是：冯保如愿以偿，担任了司礼监掌印太监；原内阁首辅高拱丢官被逐；原内阁次辅张居正跃升首辅，逐渐...     

明代嘉隆万时期内阁首次辅关系及影响研究

嘉隆万时期的内阁次辅与首辅是合作或对抗的关系。一般情况下,次辅在阁辅佐首辅处理政务、协调关系,首辅与次辅亲密协作共同辅政。但随着地位差距扩大,为把控大权,首辅与次辅展开权力角逐。首辅为独揽大权而排挤次辅,次辅则想方设法扳倒首辅取而代之。嘉隆万时期,由于地位差距而造成的首次辅倾轧,对明中后期的政局产生了深远影响,加重了政局混乱和政治危机。     

靳贵生平述论

靳贵是明代官至宰辅的镇江士人之一,有《戒庵文集》传世,在明代正德政坛有一定影响。     

“习隐浙成癖，谁当恋冠缨”——李东阳的思乡归隐情怀

明代前期的孛东阳既是成化、弘治年问的文坛泰斗，又是弘治、正德年间政坛的内阁重臣。但因他曾与刘瑾同朝共事近五年，于是也就成了备受争议的人物，有人指责他“依阿”刘瑾，有人指责他贪恋禄住。实际上孛东阳是旧时宰辅大臣中不多见的淡于名利、不慕荣华的人。因为家庭出身的关系，也由于个人的特定习性、心理。以及身体的原因，使他具有深挚的思乡情蛄和归隐情蛄。“习隐渐成癣。谁当恋冠缨”也就成了他的心声。     

"习隐渐成癖,谁当恋冠缨"--李东阳的思乡归隐情怀

明代前期的李东阳既是成化、弘治年间的文坛泰斗,又是弘治、正德年间政坛的内阁重臣。但因他曾与刘瑾同朝共事近五年,于是也就成了备受争议的人物,有人指责他“依阿”刘瑾,有人指责他贪恋禄位。实际上李东阳是旧时宰辅大臣中不多见的淡于名利、不慕荣华的人。因为家庭出身的关系,也由于个人的特定习性、心理,以及身体的原因,使他具有深挚的思乡情结和归隐情结,“习隐渐成癖,谁当恋冠缨”也就成了他的心声。     

明代阁权与部权之争的历史轨迹

随着内阁权力的不断扩大.内阁对六部之权的侵夺成为势所必然,并且越来越明显.而六部则以"祖制"作为最有力的武器与之抗争,阁、部之间的矛盾重重.可以说,内阁与六部的权力之争贯穿于永乐以后明代政治的历史,对明代政治发展所产生的影响不可小觑.     

张居正学政改革的课程思想及其启示

明万历三年(1575),内阁首辅张居正对学政进行了改革。教学目标上提倡"经世致用;"构建课程内容时注重文化与应用并举;在考核时采取了全面考核的办法和择优录取的机制。这一改革中的课程思想对我们今天的教育变革具有一定的借鉴意义。     

刘宇亮评价三题

在崇祯王朝陷入内外交困的艰难境地时，首辅刘宇亮主动请缨外出督师抗敌。尽管其所处阶级与时代环的局限决定他有心报国，无力回天，但此忠义之举仍应受到肯定与赞扬。虽然他性格中的一些缺陷导致其为人理政时有疏忽。但一些论者仅凭《明史》中一段话焉不详的记载便断章取义，指责刘宇亮督师之际临敌畏葸，“急趋晋州”躲避，而在“刘光祚案”的处理上则“出尔反尔，玩弄国宪”，并进而据此否定刘宇亮的治绩与为人，这既是有悖于史实又是有失公允的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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