关于经典风险理论破产概率统一表述的一个注记

保险公司发生的索赔量分布是离散型或者是连续型的,在不同的分布类型下,保险公司破产的表述形式未必相同.本文在经典风险理论下,给出了有限时间内保险公司不破产的统一表述.     

风险投资和大额索赔下有限时间破产概率

考察了带风险投资的更新风险模型的有限时间破产概率.在索赔额分布属于长尾族和控制变化族的场合下,该模型分析了大额个体索赔情形下保险公司破产概率的渐近行为,并得到了有限时间破产概率的渐近表达式.     

复合马尔可夫二项模型中的两个概率分布

讨论了复合马尔可夫二项风险模型,给出了破产前索赔次数的概率母函数,且在给定破产的条件下,得出破产后盈余过程恢复到非负值的索赔次数分布的递推表达式.     

复合二项风险模型下破产时刻的索赔分布

研究完全离散复合二项风险模型,运用概率母函数的方法得到了在破产发生的情况下,破产时刻发生的索赔随机变量YN(τ)的概率分布,由此得到了破产发生的情况下破产即刻前盈余R(τ-)的概率分布.参8.     

D族分布下带投资的双险种风险模型中的破产概率

研究了带投资的双险种更新风险模型中的破产概率.该模型中允许保险公司将其部分盈余投资于满足几何布朗运动的Black-Scholes型资本市场,对此模型假定同一险种索赔额是两两拟渐近独立的,根据Ito公式得到公司盈余过程的表达式,基于该模型分析了当索赔额满足D族分布时破产概率渐近关系式,并由D族分布推出C族分布下破产概率的渐近关系式.     

常数比例投资下延迟索赔风险模型的渐近破产概率

研究一类带投资的延迟索赔更新风险模型的渐近破产概率,其中允许保险公司将其资产按常数比例投资于满足几何布朗运动的股票市场,其余部分投资于非负利率的债券市场,假设主索赔额和延迟索赔额序列各自为负相依同分布且属于重尾分布族L∩D族随机变量序列的情形下,根据Ito公式,给出保险公司资产的表达式,最终得到有限时间的破产概率.     

相依赔付带投资的延迟风险模型的极限性质

研究了带投资的延迟索赔风险模型破产概率的极限性质.保险公司将其资产按常数比例投资于满足几何布朗运动的股票市场,其余部分投资于非负利率的债券市场.在主索赔额和延迟索赔额序列分别为负相依且属于重尾分布族的情形下,得到了有限时间破产概率的渐近等价表达式.该结论的有效性由相应的数值模拟进行了很好地验证,为保险公司的投资提供了一种思路.     

Erlang(n)风险模型下破产时和破产前索赔次数的联合密度（英文）

研究了Erlang(n)风险模型下当索赔服从无穷可分分布时破产时和破产前索赔次数的联合密度表达式,并利用2个例子来加以说明.例1考虑了古典模型,得出的结论与Dickson(2012)一致,验证了本文方法的正确性.例2考虑了Erlang(2)模型下索赔服从Gamma分布的联合密度,说明了本文的新应用.     

常利率下分红稀疏风险模型的期望折现罚金函数

考虑到保险公司的投资收益及分红策略,建立常利率和常数红利边界策略下的稀疏风险模型,其中保费收入不再是时间的线性函数,而是一个复合Poisson过程,且索赔次数是保单到达数的稀疏过程.利用全期望公式及盈余过程的强马氏性,得到了期望折现罚金函数、破产时的Laplace变换、破产时赤字的期望折现以及破产概率满足的积分微分方程,并借助合流超几何函数给出指数保费和指数索赔下破产概率的具体表达式.     

标准索赔额下带干扰的破产模型研究

在标准索赔额下的破产模型基础上,建立了考虑利率因素的标准索赔额下带干扰的破产模型,求出了其破产概率的上下界,从而使破产概率更接近实际,更有实用价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~