同行评议造假的责任型治理研究——基于集中撤稿事件分析

同行评议造假行为违背了科研道德,阻碍科技行稳致远发展。为了维护学术公平、保障同行评议科学规范运行,本研究依据利益相关者理论将同行评议造假治理主体划分为政府、科技社团、科研机构、科研人员、期刊,依据库珀主客观责任理论构建同行评议造假治理主体责任分析框架。以集中撤稿事件作为典型案例,对治理主体责任情况进行分析。分析发现,科研人员在恪守学术规范、严谨科研,期刊在稿件甄别方面存在责任承担不到位的问题。由此,本研究从同行评议造假事件发生前、同行评议造假事件发生后两个维度探讨如何更好承担主体责任,以期减少同行评议造假行为。     

43篇论文遭撤凸显同行评审制度漏洞

 3月27日,《华盛顿邮报》刊发了题为"主要出版社撤回43篇科学论文剑指大面积‘同行评议’造假丑闻"的报道。报道指出,英国大型学术医疗科学出版商现代生物出版集团(BioMed Central)撤销了43篇生物医学论文,原因是"同行评议过程受到不当影响和危害"。     

43篇论文遭撤凸显同行评议制度漏洞

<正>3月27日,《华盛顿邮报》刊发了题为"主要出版社撤回43篇科学论文剑指大面积‘同行评议’造假丑闻"的报道。报道指出,英国大型学术医疗科学出版商现代生物出版集团(Bio Med Central)撤销了43篇生物医学论文,原因是"同行评议过程受到不当影响和危害"。被撤论文中有41篇作者来自中国,单位涉及上海交通大学、同济大学、中国医科大学等多     

浅析会计造假问题

会计造假对我国并不十分完善的证券市场机制产生了巨大的震动,让我们对整个会计信息的真实性产生了巨大的怀疑.在此,从产生会计造假的根本原因(两权分离)、直接原因(利益驱动)和间接原因(监督不力)三个方面进行了理性深入的分析.提出了一些相应的治理对策.     

Publons对科研人员与科技期刊编辑的作用及其应用效果探索

科技期刊是科学研究成果传播的主要途径之一,科研人员是科技成果的主要缔造者,编辑则是科技论文发布的重要参与者。Publons用户界面呈现了论文、同行评议数据汇总,详细的指标导航栏(包括论文、同行评议、编委记录),研究领域、个人简介、机构从属关系及高被引科学家和同行评议奖获奖情况、个人引用次数最多的论文及其引用数据、个人审稿期刊汇总及审稿记录数,完整直观地呈现了科研人员的科研表现。通过阐释Publons对科研人员和编辑的作用,发现Publons不仅为科研人员提供了学术成果汇总,而且为编辑提供了同行评议审稿人的数据库,对科技期刊学术质量和传播效力有较大的提升作用。     

基于换位思考的同行审稿行为自律

同行评议(peer review)或同行专家审稿是科技论文发表不可或缺的关键环节.因此,国内外正规的专业学术刊物都把同行专家(审稿人)作为科技期刊论文质量水平的重要把关者.国际学术出版者学会(ALPSP)的问卷调查表明,期刊的声誉、影响因子、同行评议质量是论文作者最为关注的3个方面.国际科学计量与评价机构在进行各国科研产出的对比与分析中也特别强调所统计的论文必须是发表于经同行评议的期刊(peer-reviewedjournals).     

防范会计造假方法的研究

探讨会计造假的原因及防范措施，认为会计造假的根本原因是经济利益的驱动以及会计工作职业环境不佳．从改革现行会计管理体制，运用会计电算化和会计信息网络技术，建立有效的激励、约束机制，对会计从业人员进行广泛的职业道德教育等4方面入手，探讨了防范会计造假的方法．     

高校科技期刊论文的同行专家评议

高校科技期刊是专业性、理论性和学术性极强的学术刊物.最能影响科技期刊质量的是所刊登论文的学术质量.论文学术质量的把关是同行专家和编辑共同完成的,因为编辑在选稿时主要看同行专家的评议意见,所以同行专家对稿件的把关至关重要.编辑部要严把稿件的优化选择和对同行专家的遴选这一关,才能保障高校科技期刊质量的提高.     

共建同行评议系统

 同行评议系统是正确实施同行评议方法的保证体系,建立可靠的同行评议系统是各国科学基金会或资助拨款机构的首要任务.同行评议系统一般包括:专家库、评审准则、评审人守则、反馈机制、申诉程序和监督机构等.一个理想的同行评议系统受下列条件限制:不太紧缺的资源,无私的决策群体,宽广的专家选择面,单一学科和单一价值准则.     

浅谈提高会计信息质量

现有的法制缺陷使会计造假的预期收益明显高于预期成本,导致经营管理者为获利而造假,诱发会计信息失真.在此基础上,提出明晰产权、完善公司内部治理结构、建立专业经理人才市场等多方面的应对措施,以期治理会计信息失真,提高会计信息质量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has