50Cr5MoV钢中非金属夹杂物行为

对采用"EBT→LF→VD"工艺路线生产50Cr5Mo V锻钢轧辊炼钢过程全氧和夹杂物进行了分析.结果表明:LF精炼后钢液中ω(T[O])平均为47×10-6,VD出站为14×10-6,中间包为15.5×10-6,铸坯为18×10-6.LF精炼初期,钢中夹杂物主要是不规则的Al2O3夹杂,96.75%的夹杂物尺寸小于10μm.LF精炼后,大量夹杂物为Ca O-Al2O3-Si O为主要成分的0~10μm复合氧化物夹杂.钢水向中间包转移过程中保护性浇注不理想,二次氧化严重导致钢水夹杂逐渐增多,主要为球形m Ca O·n Al2O3的复合夹杂物.铸坯中99.81%的夹杂物尺寸小于10μm,其中大部分为球形钙铝酸盐夹杂,还有少量球状硅铝酸钙复合夹杂.全过程的工艺优化是控制夹杂物(主要是氧化物)的合理途径,可确保实现50Cr5Mo V合金铸钢的冶炼.     

不同碱度精炼渣系对弹簧钢夹杂物的影响

大颗粒不变形夹杂物是造成弹簧钢疲劳失效的主要原因。为了优化高级别弹簧钢55SiCr中夹杂物的组成、形态与分布,采用两次LF炉进站精炼方式,并在二次精炼过程中设计了两种不同碱度的渣系,通过氧氮分析仪、电子探针等检测手段对比分析两种工艺下钢中全氧含量、夹杂物尺寸与成分。结果表明,低碱度精炼渣使弹簧钢夹杂物成分趋近于Al2O3-SiO2-CaO系统中低熔点塑性化区间,但不利于大颗粒夹杂物的控制与消除;高碱度精炼渣使夹杂物的平均尺寸更小,分布更均匀,但夹杂物中Al2O3含量偏高;高碱度精炼渣有利于钢液的深脱氧,钢的洁净度更高,但需注意连铸过程中钢液的氧化。     

石油钻杆钢冶炼过程中夹杂物的析出和衍变

系统分析了国内某钢厂复合脱氧工艺下Cr Mo石油钻杆钢夹杂物在EAF-LF-VD-CC流程中的析晶和衍变规律.由于铝酸盐的上浮,LF冶炼前钢中T[O]含量较低,冶炼过程中氮含量逐渐升高.电镜下钢中大尺寸夹杂物(50μm左右)只出现在LF-VD阶段,主要为低熔点的硅锰酸盐、包含Na2O的混合物和含有少量Ca O的镁铝尖晶石,中间包阶段大尺寸夹杂物完全消失.小尺寸夹杂物(<10μm)出现在精炼全过程中,主要成分是Mg、Al、Si和Ca的复合氧化物、Ca S以及二者的复合物,LF冶炼前到中间包阶段小尺寸夹杂物粒径相似,铸坯中其粒径稍微增加.随着精炼过程的进行,钢中小尺寸夹杂物的成分逐渐向复合氧化物的低熔点区域转移,夹杂物中Ca O和Mg O含量存在竞争关系.铸坯中大型夹杂物(>100μm)包括卷渣引起的复合夹杂,耐材剥落产生的Mg O-Ca O夹杂和钢液内生的铝酸盐夹杂.内生铝酸盐与精炼过程中小尺寸夹杂物成分相似,外层包覆Ca S,轧制过程中容易破碎成链状引发钻杆钢裂纹.建议适当延长VD处理后钢液的镇静时间,以去除钢中大型铝酸盐夹杂,提高钻杆钢质量.     

钛铁合金所含杂质对Ti-IF钢洁净度的影响

通过氧氮分析、SEM和EDS对Ti-IF钢冶炼过程不同阶段钢液及铸坯进行分析,研究钛铁合金所含杂质对Ti-IF钢洁净度的影响。结果表明,Ti-IF钢冶炼过程添加FeTi70时,RH出站处钢液中的平均氮含量较添加FeTi30时增加值为8.86×10-6,铸坯平均氮含量较添加FeTi30时增加值为10.83×10-6,这是由于所用FeTi70合金中T(O)、N含量较高,这些在RH冶炼过程中较难去除的O、N元素形成尺寸不同的含氧夹杂,其结果降低了Ti-IF钢洁净度。     

超低氧车轮钢精炼过程非金属夹杂物的转变

研究了采用LD-LF-VD-CC工艺流程生产超低氧高速车轮钢时,精炼过程中夹杂物的生成与变化.实验在出钢时加入足够的Al进行终脱氧,LF精炼过程采用强脱氧、高碱度和强还原性精炼渣工艺,能使最终铸坯w(T.O)达到7×10-6,获得高洁净度的铸坯;而且在LF精炼过程中,夹杂物完成了Al2O3→MgO·Al2O3→CaO-MgO-Al2O3类复合夹杂物的转变,得到在炼钢温度下呈液态的复合氧化物夹杂,这些液态夹杂物通过碰撞、长大和上浮去除,残留于钢中的氧化物夹杂以较低熔点的CaO-MgO-Al2O3类复合夹杂形态存在,它们在热加工过程中可以发生稍许变形,能有效改善车轮钢的疲劳性能.     

RH纯循环对Ti-IF钢洁净度的影响

利用金属原位分析仪定量分析了过程Al系夹杂的数量,并用一种深度侵蚀的方法观察了夹杂物的三维真实形貌.对过程全氧（T.O）、[N]含量变化进行了跟踪.通过延长RH合金化后的纯循环时间对过程洁净度进行了评价.结果表明：RH在合金化后保持8～10 min的纯循环时间T.O可降低到30×10-6以下;废钢加入会极大影响钢液的洁净度,合金化完毕后应避免废钢加入;加Al 5min后夹杂物数量达到最大,为7.02mm-2,主要为大型的团簇状夹杂,经过纯循环后,夹杂物数量、尺寸均有较大的降低.     

KR-BOF-LF-CC生产汽车大梁钢LG510L洁净度的研究

通过氧氮分析、金相分析、大样电解法、扫描电镜及能谱分析等,研究采用KR-BOF-LF-CC工艺生产的汽车大梁钢LG510L的洁净度。结果表明,铸坯中平均T[O]和氮含量分别为29.20×10-6和38.80×10-6;钢中显微夹杂物和大型夹杂物数量都随着各工序的不断进行大体呈递减趋势;钙处理前主要显微夹杂物为Al2O3,经过钙处理后,夹杂物发生变性,主要为CaO-Al2O3;铸坯中大型夹杂物主要是SiO2和硅铝酸盐,来源于脱氧产物及其与耐火材料或炉渣反应的产物。     

钛铁合金所含杂质对 Ti-IF 钢洁净度的影响

通过氧氮分析、SEM和EDS对Ti‐IF钢冶炼过程不同阶段钢液及铸坯进行分析,研究钛铁合金所含杂质对Ti‐IF钢洁净度的影响。结果表明,Ti‐IF钢冶炼过程添加FeTi70时,RH出站处钢液中的平均氮含量较添加FeT i30时增加值为8．86×10－6,铸坯平均氮含量较添加FeT i30时增加值为10．83×10－6,这是由于所用FeTi70合金中T（O）、N含量较高,这些在RH冶炼过程中较难去除的 O、N元素形成尺寸不同的含氧夹杂,其结果降低了T i‐IF钢洁净度。     

BOF--LF--CC生产SWRH82 B硬线钢的洁净度研究

采用系统取样与实验室综合分析,对BOF-LF-CC工艺生产的SWRH82B钢洁净度衍变规律进行研究。结果表明,钙处理后钢中T[ O]和显微夹杂物数量显著下降,轻微增氮;浇铸过程增氧增氮严重;铸坯中<5μm显微夹杂占97%,主要是棱角分明的纯Al2 O3夹杂,球状复合氧化物与CaS和MnS的复合夹杂,简单氧化物或氮化物与MnS的复合夹杂;LF精炼后钙处理,脱氧显著,但使得铸坯中出现很多Al2 O3硬性夹杂,对SWRH82B盘条质量造成严重的危害;中间包结构不合理,卷渣、内衬侵蚀和二次氧化严重,连铸过程钢液洁净度下降。     

BOF—LF—RH—CC生产DH36船板钢洁净度

洁净度对船板钢的性能具有重要作用.通过对BOF—LF—RH—CC流程生产DH36船板钢各工艺环节系统取样,采用多种分析方法分析夹杂物的形貌、尺寸、数量及组成,系统研究了D36生产过程中洁净度的衍变规律.研究表明,采用合理的优化工艺,BOF—LF—RH—CC生产的DH36钢水高洁净度较高,铸坯平均全氧为17.0#10-6,N为29.0#10-6,显微夹杂物6.8 mm-2,主要为尺寸<5μm的球形氧化物和硫化物复合夹杂,满足高级别船板钢的要求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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