Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS） for bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Objective： To review our experience of the treatment of bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax （PSP） by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS）. Materials and methods： Retrospective chart review was followed by an on-clinic or telephone interview. Patients were cared for by one thoracic surgeon in four medical centers or community hospitals in Northern and Central Taiwan. Thirteen patients with bilateral PSP underwent bilateral VATS simultaneously or sequentially from July 1994 to December 2005. Results： Twelve males and one female, with age ranging from 15 to 36 years （mean 23.1 years）, were treated with VATS for bilateral PSP, under the indications of bilateral pneumothoracis simultaneously （n=4） or sequentially （n=9）. The interval between the first and second contra-lateral VATS procedure for non-simultaneous PSP patients ranged from 7 d to 6 years. Eleven of 13 patients （84.6%） had prominent pulmonary bullae/blebs, and underwent bullae resection with mechanical or chemical pleurodesis. The mean operative time was （45.6±18.3） min （range 25-96 min） and （120.6±28.7） min （range 84-166 min） respectively for the non-simultaneous （second VATS for the recurrence of contralateral side after first VATS） and simultaneous （bilateral VATS in one operation） procedures. There was no postoperative mortality. However, prolonged air leakage （〉7 d） occurred in one patient （7.7%） who recovered after conservative treatment. The mean duration of chest tube drainage was 3.1 d and the median follow up period was 3.4 years. Conclusions： VATS is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of bilateral PSP. Bilateral VATS is only recommended for patients with simultaneously bilateral PSP, because the incidence of recurrence, even with visible bullae, was not so high in my group and in some previous literature. Bilateral VATS in a supine position should only be used in selective cases, because of possible pleural adhesion or hidden bullae on the posterior si     

转炉干法除尘中蒸发冷却器温度控制

介绍了济钢新炼钢转炉干法除尘中蒸发冷却器的温度控制系统;对蒸发冷却器工艺原理作了介绍;着重介绍了蒸发冷却器温度控制方案。     

一种降低OFDM系统峰均比的PTS-TR联合算法

提出一种部分传输序列（partial transmit sequence, PTS）算法与载波预留法（tonereservation）相结合的算法来降低OFDM系统峰均功率比（peak-to-average power ratio,PAPR）,传统的PTS算法可以在不使信号失真的情况下很好地降低高PAPR出现的概率,但是这种算法的缺点是计算量过大,而TR法虽有不用传递边带信息的优点,但当预留子载波取值小时会得不到理想的性能,取值过大又会浪费系统功率,联合算法在大大地降低了PTS计算量、TR预留载波取值小的同时,还保持了良好的PAPR性能,仿真结果验证了其有效性。     

应用于全数字锁相环的时间数字转换器设计

采用标准0.18 μm CMOS工艺,设计了一种应用于全数字锁相环中检测相位差大小的时间数字转换电路（TDC）.针对传统TDC电路的不足,通过加入上升沿检测电路,扩大计数器位宽,使得TDC电路不仅能完成时数转换的基本功能,而且提高了时数转换的准确性,扩大了测量范围.该设计完成了RTL级建模、仿真、综合及布局布线等整个流程.仿真结果表明,该TDC电路工作正常,在1.8V电源电压下,功耗为10 mW,能达到的分辨率约为0.3 ns,版图尺寸为255 μm×265 μm.     

Support vector machine with mixture of kernels for automatic image annotation

Automatic image annotation （AIA） has become an important and challenging problem in com- puter vision due to the existence of semantic gap. In this paper, a novel support vector machine with mixture of kernels （SVM-MK） for automatic image annotation is proposed. On one hand, the com- bined global and local block-based image features are extracted in order to reflect the intrinsic con- tent of images as complete as possible. On the other hand, SVM-MK is constructed to shoot for bet- ter annotating performance. Experimental results on Corel dataset show that the proposed image fea- ture representation method as well as automatic image annotation classifier, SVM-MK, can achieve higher annotating accuracy than SVM with any single kernel and mi-SVM for semantic image annota- tion.     

Benefits of combination of electroencephalography, short latency somatosensory evoked potentials, and transcranial Doppler techniques for confirming brain death

Objective： Optimization of combining electroencephalography （EEG）, short latency somatosensory evoked potentials （SLSEP） and transcranial Doppler （TCD） techniques to diagnose brain death. Methods： One hundred and eleven patients （69 males, 42 females） from the major hospitals of Zhejiang Province were examined with portable EEG, SLSEP and TCD devices. Re-examinations occurred 〈12 h later. Results： The first examination revealed that the combination of SLSEP and EEG led to more sensitive diagnoses than the combination of SLSEP and TCD. Re-examination confirmed this and also revealed that the combination of TCD and EEG was the most sensitive. Conclusion： The results show that using multiple techniques to diagnose brain death is superior to using single method, and that the combination of SLSEP and EEG is better than other combinations.     

Comparison of Parallelization Strategies for Min-Sum Decoding of Irregular LDPC Codes

Low-Density Parity-Check （LDPC） codes are powerful error correcting codes. LDPC decoders have been implemented as efficient error correction codes on dedicated VLSI hardware architectures in recent years. This paper describes two strategies to parallelize min-sum decoding of irregular LDPC codes. The first implements min-sum LDPC decoders on multicore platforms using OpenMP, while the other uses the Compute Unified Device Architecture （CUDA） to parallelize LDPC decoding on Graphics Processing Units （GPUs）. Empirical studies on data with various scales show that the performance of these decoding processes is improved by these parallel strategies and the GPUs provide more efficient, fast implementation decoder.     

溢乳症患者血清PRL含量测定的临床意义

目的探讨溢乳症患者血清中垂体泌乳素（Prolactin,PRL）含量检测的临床价值。方法采用PRL免疫化学发光检测法,对47例溢乳症患者（溢乳组）血清进行测定,并与正常哺乳期妇女（哺乳组）及非哺乳期健康妇女（正常组）进行对照比较。结果溢乳组与哺乳组血清PRL含量比较无显著性差异（t=1.077 7,P〉0.05）,但溢乳组的PRL异常率明显高于哺乳组（χ2=6.305 9,P〈0.01）,溢乳组和哺乳组血清PRL值均明显升高,与正常组比较均有显著性差异（t=6.201 6,P〈0.01 t=5.287 8,P〈0.01） 溢乳组血清PRL异常率均明显高于哺乳组和正常组（χ2=6.305 9,P〈0.01 χ2=13.315 9,P〈0.01）,而哺乳组和正常组的血清PRL异常率比较无明显差异（χ2=0.934 8,P〉0.05）。结论溢乳症患者血清中PRL值均呈病理性升高,但PRL异常率的诊断价值明显优于PRL的含量检测。     

QTL analysis of flag leaf in barley （Hordeum vulgate L.） for morphological traits and chlorophyll content

To understand genetic patterns of the morphological and physiological traits in flag leaf of barley, a double haploid （DH） population derived from the parents Yerong and Franklin was used to determine quantitative trait loci （QTL） controlling length, width, length/width, and chlorophyll content of flag leaves. A total of 9 QTLs showing significantly additive effect were detected in 8 intervals on 5 chromosomes. The variation of individual QTL ranged from 1.9% to 20.2%. For chlorophyll content expressed as SPAD value, 4 QTLs were identified on chromosomes 2H, 3H and 6H; for leaf length and width, 2 QTLs located on chromosomes 5H and 7H, and 2 QTLs located on chromosome 5H were detected; and for length/width, I QTL was detected on chromosome 7H. The identification of these QTLs associated with the properties of flag leaf is useful for barley improvement in breeding programs.     

基于PSS/PAH包被的AuNRs免疫传感器用于CEA的测定

通过聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS)与聚丙烯氯化铵(PAH)以层层堆积(LBL)的形式包被到金纳米棒(AuNRs)的表面,从而替换AuNRs表面具有生物毒性的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB).将癌胚抗原(CEA)的抗体(Ab)交联到AuNRs的表面,研制出一种新的癌胚抗原(CEA)的检测方法.随着CEA与AuNRs表面的Ab发生特异性反应,使AuNRs发生自组装,从而导致其紫外可见吸收光谱发生变化.通过测量吸收光谱的变化可以实现CEA的定量检测.采用电化学交流阻抗法和循环伏安法考察了不同修饰层结合到AuNRs表面后的变化情况;考察了溶液pH、Ab与CEA的结合时间对响应的影响.在最优条件下,该传感器的检测范围为10~100ng/mL,检测下限为3.3ng/mL.     

基于SAM和GA／SVM的肿瘤基因表达谱分类算法

基因芯片技术在肿瘤分型分类的研究中得到了广泛的应用．为了处理肿瘤基因表达谱数据,建立肿瘤分类预测模型,文中采用基因表达差异显著性分析方法,支持向量机,遗传算法相结合的多步骤降维分类方法．采用该方法处理大肠癌和白血病数据集,筛选到基因数量较少并且分类准确度较高的特征基因子集．实验结果表明,文中的方法可以快速有效地筛选肿瘤特征基因,获得更好的分类效果．     

Ce-MOF/CB纳米复合材料的合成及其对5-羟色胺的电化学检测

制备了一种铈-金属有机框架/炭黑（Ce-MOF/CB）纳米复合材料,将其修饰于玻碳电极（GCE）上,用于对5-羟色胺（5-HT）的电化学测定. 通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线谱仪（EDS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对Ce-MOF/CB进行了表征. 电化学实验结果表明：Ce-MOF/CB对5-HT的电化学氧化具有良好的电催化活性. 5-HT的峰电流与该物质的量浓度在6.77×10^-8~1.00×10^-5 mol·L^-1内呈线性关系,检测限（LOD）达1.0×10^-8 mol·L^-1（信噪比S/N=3）.     

变弯度机翼准定常流动分离特性的实验研究

研制了一种可实现弯度主动变形的机翼模型,搭建了相关的风洞测力及流场显示实验平台．低速风洞测力实验揭示了机翼弯度连续准定常变形下的流动分离特性,发现其与固定弯度下的流动分离有着显著区别,采用前缘和尾缘两种分离机制分析和解释了造成这种差异的原因．相关的流场测量结果验证了上述解释．在流动分离条件下,研究表明可变形飞行器外围流场结构不仅与当前时刻的飞行器外形及来流条件有关,而且还和流场变化的历史过程相关．     

基于支持向量机的香水识别电子鼻系统设计

针对电子鼻在化妆品领域的应用推广问题, 研制了一套用于香水识别的电子鼻系统。该系统主要包括数据采集, 信号调理, 特征提取和模式识别。硬件以微控制器dsPIC30F6014A为核心, 根据香水气味合理地选择了3个广谱型气敏传感器, 并加入温湿度传感器; 软件利用基于COM组件的VC和Matlab混合编程, 设计并实现了内嵌模式识别算法的上位机监控软件, 并发布成可执行文件。模式识别采用支持向量机（SVM: Support Vector Machine)方法, 相比PCA(Principal Component Analysis)、 神经网络等算法提高了小样本情况下的泛化性能。利用该系统对4种香水进行训练、 识别, 分类准确率达92%, 检测结果表明, 该电子鼻系统在香水识别方面具有较高的准确性和稳定性。     

Application of NIR spectroscopy for firmness evaluation of peaches

The use of near infrared （NIR） spectroscopy was proved to be a useful tool for quality analysis of fruits. A bifurcated fiber type NIR spectrometer, with a detection range of 800-2500 nm by InGaAs detector, was used to evaluate the firmness of peaches. Anisotropy of NIR spectra and firmness of peaches in relation to detecting positions of different parts （including three latitudes and three longitudes） were investigated. Both spectra absorbency and firmness of peach were influenced by longitudes （i, ii, iii） and latitudes （A, B, C）. For modeling, two thirds of the samples were used as the calibration set and the remaining one third were used as the validation or prediction set. Partial least square regression （PLSR） models for different longitude and latitude spectra and for the whole fruit show that collecting several NIR spectra from different longitudes and latitudes of a fruit for NIR calibration modeling can improve the modeling performance. In addition, proper spectra pretreatments like scattering correction or derivative also can enhance the modeling performance. The best results obtained in this study were from the holistic model with multiplicative scattering correction （MSC） pretreatment, with correlation coefficient of cross-validation γcv=0.864, root mean square error of cross-validation RMSECV=6.71 N, correlation coefficient of calibration r=0.948, root mean square error of calibration RMSEC=4.21 N and root mean square error of prediction RMSEP=5.42 N. The results of this study are useful for further research and application that when applying NIR spectroscopy for objectives with anisotropic differences, spectra and quality indices are necessarily measured from several parts of each object to improve the modeling performance.     

白内障超声乳化手术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼33例临床疗效分析

目的探讨白内障超声乳化手术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效.方法对33例（35只眼）确诊为原发性急性闭角型青光眼的患者行白内障超声乳化手术治疗,分别评估术前、术后1周及1个月患者的最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度及前房角宽度.结果术后所有病例视力较术前均有不同程度的改善;前房深度较术前明显加深;眼压明显低于术前眼压（均...     

MGB probe assay for rapid detection of mtDNAl1778 mutation in the Chinese LHON patients by real-time PCR

Objective： Leber＇s hereditary optic neuropathy （LHON） is a maternally inherited degeneration of the optic nerve caused by point mutations of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA）. Many unsolved questions regarding the penetrance and pathophysiological mechanism of LHON demand efficient and reliable mutation testing. This study aims to develop a minor groove binder （MGB） probe assay for rapid detection of mtDNA11778 mutation and heteroplasmy in Chinese LHON patients by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Methods： Forty-eight patients suspected of having LHON and their maternal relatives underwent a molecular genetic evaluation, with 20 normal individuals as a control group at the same time. A real-time PCR involving two MGB probes was used to detect the mtDNA 1 1778 mutation and heteroplasmy. A linear standard curve was obtained by pUCmLHONG and pUCmLHONA clones. Results： All 48 LHON patients and their maternal relatives were positive for rntDNA11778 mutation in our assay, 27 heteroplasmic and 21 homoplasmic. Eighteen cases did not show an occurrence of the disease, while 9 developed the disease among the 27 heteroplasmic mutation cases. Eleven did not show an occurrence of the disease, while 10 cases developed the disease among 21 homoplasmic mutation cases. There was a significant difference in the incidence between the heteroplasmic and the homoplasmic mutation types. The time needed for running a real-time PCR assay was only 80 min. Conclusion： This real-time PCR assay is a rapid, reliable method for mtDNA mutation detection as well as heteroplasmy quantification. Detecting this ratio is very important for predicting phenotypic expression of unaffected carriers.     

Accuracy of a combined score of zygote and embryo morphology for selecting the best embryos for IVF

Objective： To evaluate the accuracy of a scoring system combining zygote and embryo morphology in predicting the outcome of in vitro fertilization （IVF） treatment. Methods： In a study group, 117 consecutive IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） cycles with embryo transfer were carried out and 312 embryos were scored using a combined scoring system （CSS） of zygote and embryo morphology before transplantation. In a control group, a total of 420 IVF or ICSI cycles were carried out and 1176 embryos were scored using a cumulative embryo score （CES）. The effects of the combined scoring system on the embryo implantation rate and pregnancy rate per cycle were analyzed. Results： Using the combined scoring system, the embryo implantation rate （27.6%） and the clinical pregnancy rate （48.7%） were significantly higher than those in the control group （20.8% and 38.6%, respectively）. Also, the implantation rate of embryos scoring ≥70 （38.5%： 82 sacs/213 embryos） was significantly higher （P〈0.001） than that of embryos scoring 〈70 （4%： 4 sacs/99 embryos）. The pregnancy rate of patients with embryos scoring ≥70 using the combined scoring system （66.7%） was significantly higher （P〈0.001） than that of patients with embryos scoring ≥20 using the cumulative embryo score （59.0%）. Conclusion： The results suggest that selecting embryos with a high score （≥70） using the combined scoring system could increase the implantation rate and pregnancy rate, and that using a scoring system combining assessments of human zygotes and pre-implantation embryos might predict IVF outcomes more accurately than using a cumulative embryo score.     

碳纳米管泡沫体的制备及其对腐植酸的吸附性能

以碳纳米管、聚氨酯发泡剂为主要原料制备出一种新型高效吸附剂,研究了其对天然水中腐植酸的吸附特性.试验中考察了腐植酸溶液pH值与初始浓度、吸附剂用量与吸附时间对吸附过程与效果的影响.试验发现,碳纳米管泡沫体对腐植酸吸附平衡时间约为5 h;在酸性（pH为3.5）及偏酸性条件下（pH为5.5）,1%CNT泡沫体对腐植酸吸附率高;在腐植酸初始浓度低于20 mg/L与在20~40 mg/L时,其吸附率分别为100%和大于80%.研究结果表明,碳纳米管泡沫体是一种新型高效的吸附剂,在酸性与偏酸性条件下对天然水中腐植酸有很好的吸附效果,碳纳米管泡沫体吸附腐植酸符合Langmuir模型.