湖北省城乡居民消费结构比较研究

近年来,湖北省城镇居民的消费水平在逐步提高,消费结构在不断升级。农村居民的人均消费支出年均增长速度快于城镇居民,但消费的绝对额仍远低于城镇居民,湖北省城乡居民消费结构的差异仍然较大。造成湖北省城乡居民消费结构差异的主要原因有城乡居民收入差距大,城乡居民文化素质、消费观念差异明显,农村居民购买力分流严重,农村居民消费环境较差,农村居民社会保障不健全等。为改善湖北省城镇居民消费结构,应制定城镇居民家电通讯产品消费优惠政策,促进城镇家庭家电通讯产品升级换代;调整相关税费政策,促进汽车等高档产品和住房消费;扩大高层次教育招生规模,促进城镇居民教育消费;引导个性化、时尚化、品牌化消费,满足消费者多样化消费需求;大力发展服务业,进一步拉动消费增长。为改善湖北省农村居民消费结构,应切实增加农民收入,提高农村居民购买能力;加强农村精神文明建设,改善农村居民消费观念;积极创造消费条件,挖掘农村市场消费潜力;加大对农村基础设施投入,改善农村消费环境;完善社会保障制度,强化消费信心。     

基于VAR模型的中国居民消费与经济增长的关系

为研究我国城镇、农村居民消费与经济增长之间的关系,采用我国1978—2008年的经济数据,在构建稳定的VAR模型基础上,通过建立协整方程,运用Granger因果检验方法、脉冲响应函数和方差分解方法,对其进行分析.结果表明:短期内农村居民消费对我国经济增长的拉动明显,长期内城镇居民消费对经济增长有较强的促进作用;城镇居民消费和农村居民消费都是经济增长的强Granger原因,农村居民消费的冲击会影响城镇居民消费,间接地对经济增长的波动产生较大影响.     

贵州城乡居民收入差距对于消费的影响

改革开放这些年来,城市与农村居民的收入差距日渐扩大,农村居民的消费倾向却不如城镇居民,拉动国民经济发展的其中一辆马车是消费,光增加城市居民的消费已经不能满足社会的消费需求。本文着眼于两方面的收入差距,指出提高农村收入对社会经济的贡献性。     

扩大农村居民消费需求的制约因素及其政策建议

当前,消费不足尤其是农村消费不足成了经济发展面临的突出问题。农村居民消费需求主要受收入持续增收难度大、未来预期收支不确定性、农村消费环境滞后性和未来消费流动性约束等因素制约。促进农村居民消费需求增加的主要对策有：要促进农民增收、提高消费能力;要稳定消费预期、增强消费信心;要更新消费观念、提高消费质量：要培育消费热点、拓展消费空间;要升级消费结构、扩大消费潜力;要增加消费安全,减少消费风险等。     

居民消费与经济增长关系的实证研究

实证结果表明,对促进经济增长而言,居民消费变动产生的效力强于固定资产投资变动产生的效力,然而城镇居民消费变动对经济增长的影响力明显大于农村居民消费变动对经济增长的影响力,验证了我国城乡居民消费水平差距大,扩大消费应以扩大农村居民消费为主。     

收入来源对城乡居民消费影响差异的实证研究

根据消费者的"心里账户"认知差异,将居民收入分为主动性收入和转移性收入,分析了城乡居民不同的消费行为和两种不同收入对城乡居民消费的影响.研究结果表明:城乡居民改变消费策略时倾向于调整自己的转移性收入;城镇居民的主动性收入边际消费倾向高于农村居民的主动性边际消费倾向,且波动更剧烈,但农村居民转移性收入的边际消费倾向高于城镇居民的转移性收入边际消费倾向;城镇居民主动性收入在消费中的贡献份额相对稳定,而农村居民主动性收入的贡献在2001年后迅速下降,转移性收入在消费中的贡献度逐步提升.因此,为了提高消费需求,政府的民生财政支出政策应该侧重于增加农村居民转移性收入、提高城镇居民主动性收入,同时应该建立城乡统筹的社会保障制度.     

重庆农村居民消费支出的灰色预测及关联度分析

在分析重庆农村居民消费现状的基础上,采用灰色预测模型以及灰色关联分析方法,分析影响消费支出的构成因素的关联程度及次序,并对2012—2014年重庆农村居民消费支出进行预测。结果表明:未来3年重庆市农村居民消费支出仍以较快速度增长,与消费支出灰色关联度最高的三大构成因素依次是居住、衣着、家庭设备用品及服务;重庆农村居民的消费结构有所改善,但是与城镇居民相比其消费结构还有待进一步优化。     

基于ELES模型的甘肃省城乡居民消费结构差异性分析

本论述以2002~2015年《甘肃省统计年鉴》中的数据,整理得到有关城乡居民人均收入与各消费支出项目的时间序列数据.根据影响消费支出的八大因素的时间序列数据,利用EVIEWS9.0软件包分别建立城镇居民消费与农村居民消费的拓展线性支出系统模型,分析收入对城镇居民与农村居民各项消费的影响情况.根据分析的结果提出相应的拉动居民消费,以促进甘肃经济增长的对策建议.     

经济新常态下城镇化与居民消费的实证分析

基于经济新常态的特点,构建了新型城镇化对于居民消费水平影响的模型,并利用2012-2014年省级面板数据进行了实证检验.研究发现,在经济新常态的约束下,城镇化的发展可以显著提高农村的人均消费水平而无法显著提高城镇居民消费水平.稳健性检验进一步发现,城镇化进程可以提高沿海和内陆省份农村居民消费;并且对于经济发展水平不同省份的农村居民消费也具有正向推动作用;加入滞后项后城镇化发展对农村和城镇居民消费具有正向和负向的影响.     

开发农村市场消费潜力促进经济发展

农村消费市场具有巨大的潜力,增加农民的可支配收入提高农村居民的有效消费需求,从而发展农村消费市场,扩大内需。在国际金融危机导致出口需求剧减的背景下,扩展农村消费市场不仅可以扩大国内需求转变投资出口拉动型经济增长模式,还可以缓解金融危机对中国经济的冲击保障经济持续健康发展。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that