基于互惠博弈视角的新员工组织支持策略研究

以DK序贯互惠博弈模型为基础,在一般化假设基础上,构建了提供组织支持的企业与新员工努力行为的两阶段序贯互惠模型.研究表明:1)当新员工完全理性时,企业将不提供组织支持,新员工也选择低努力工作行为,双方不可能建立互惠合作关系.2)在考虑新员工互惠动机后,若企业不提供组织支持,新员工也将选择低努力工作行为,双方同样不可能建立互惠合作关系.3)如果新员工具有互惠动机,而企业也选择提供组织支持,则存在三种序贯互惠均衡.     

逆向供应链企业间知识共享行为的演化博弈分析

针对制造商和第三方回收商组成的两级逆向供应链,运用演化博弈方法,建立了逆向供应链企业间知识共享行为的演化博弈模型,对逆向供应链企业间知识共享的均衡情况、策略选择和影响因素进行了分析。研究结果表明,逆向供应链企业间知识共享行为选择演化系统既可以收敛于知识共享这一理性状态,也可以收敛于知识不共享的不良"锁定"状态,这主要与逆向供应链各成员企业知识量差距、激励收益、知识吸收转化能力、共享风险以及共享成本等因素相关。根据分析结论,从逆向供应链中的企业规模、企业学习能力、内外部激励机制以及信任机制等方面提出了相关建议。     

知识员工经济契约的优化:基于公平与互惠理论

在知识经济社会里,作为知识载体的知识员工逐步取代了传统的劳动力而成为各类组织中的核心员工,因而对知识员工的激励机制的研究是人力资源管理中的重要课题,而由于知识员工的特性,基于"理性人"假设的经济契约不能进行有效的激励。公平与互惠理论对传统的"经济人"假设提出了挑战,考虑了知识员工表现在"互惠性"非理性行为的基础上建立起的新的经济契约,结果显示,新的经济契约的最优合约可以给组织带来比传统经济契约的最优合约更高的利润水平。     

朋友圈社交行为对员工知识共享意愿的影响机制——职场友谊的中介作用和感知差异性的调节作用

基于社会影响理论,从社会影响的内化视角探究员工朋友圈社交行为对知识共享意愿的影响机制,并揭示了朋友圈社交行为对知识共享意愿的不同程度感知差异性的差异化作用。通过对255个有效样本进行分析发现:职场友谊完全中介了朋友圈社交行为与知识共享意愿的关系;职场友谊对知识共享意愿有着积极影响;感知差异性负向调节了"朋友圈社交行为-职场友谊-知识共享意愿"的前半径,即感知差异性水平低的员工通过加强社交互动会增强职场友谊,而感知差异性水平高的员工则会因为过度的社交互动而削弱其职场友谊。     

雇佣关系、组织公平与知识共享意愿:基于中国企业的实证研究

不同雇佣关系下,员工组织公平感知存在差异,会影响员工的组织认同感和知识共享意愿.研究组织公平对知识共享意愿的影响,以及这种影响在不同雇佣关系下的差异,对企业制订知识型员工雇佣方案和激励制度、促进团队绩效具有重要的实践意义.基于553份问卷调查数据,实证研究了组织公平中的分配公平、程序公平、互动公平对组织认同与知识共享意愿的影响,以及雇佣关系对这些影响路径的调节作用.结果显示:对于非正式雇佣的员工来说,分配公平与互动公平显著影响组织认同和知识共享意愿,但程序公平对两个变量无显著影响;对正式雇佣的员工来说,互动公平显著影响组织认同和知识共享意愿,但分配公平与程序公平只影响员工的组织认同感,对知识共享意愿的影响作用不明显.在不同的雇佣关系下,组织公平对组织认同与知识共享意愿的影响关系存在差异,雇佣关系具有一定的调节作用.     

考虑互惠偏好的项目团队成员知识共享激励

考虑个体互惠偏好行为,引入工作努力和知识共享努力之间冲突的影响,构建双代理人情形的项目团队知识共享激励模型,剖析互惠偏好对成员知识共享努力、工作努力、团队期望效用以及知识共享激励效果的影响,并对模型分析结果进行数据模拟.研究结果表明,在冲突影响下,互惠偏好对工作努力、知识共享激励系数、团队期望效用等并不总是起到积极的效果,但可以提高知识共享努力.     

战略性新兴产业技术异地协同共享机制研究——演化博弈视角

培育和发展战略性新兴产业要避免重复建设、恶性竞争,其关键是掌握产业发展核心技术.针对产业技术创新跨区域、跨学科协同合作的特性,为实现技术共享,建立了上下游参研单位产业技术共享演化博弈模型.研究结果表明：参研单位选择技术共享策略与产业技术的可共享系数密切相关,同时分析了相关因素的影响作用,当参研单位技术可共享系数不断变化,会依次出现多种演化稳定均衡.探索了在激励机制作用下,参研单位技术共享演化博弈过程,研究表明：内部激励机制激发了参研单位选择技术共享的意愿,同时,随着内部激励系数的变化,产业技术创新系统趋向收敛到{技术共享,技术不共享},进而为产业政策的制定和效果评估提供决策支持.     

政府补贴下具互惠偏好的绿色供应链定价与协调

将政府绿色创新补贴和成员互惠偏好行为同时纳入绿色供应链,分别建立集中决策、决策双方均无互惠偏好、制造商具互惠偏好、零售商具互惠偏好的4种Stackelberg博弈模型.通过对模型求解分析,研究发现政府补贴下,制造商的互惠行为对产品绿色度的提高具有正向作用,且有利于绿色供应链的整体效益和社会福利的提升;政府补贴策略对成员的互惠偏好行为具有负效应;零售商的互惠偏好行为对绿色供应链发展具有阻碍作用,政府降低绿色创新补贴比例可减弱零售商的互惠偏好行为对绿色供应链效用的消极影响,同时有利于提高系统的经济性和社会性.最后引入成本共担-收益共享契约对绿色供应链进行协调,并进行数值仿真验证.     

组织中员工知识分享行为激励机制的比较分析

如何促进员工进行知识分享是提升组织竞争优势的关键问题.但由于知识拥有者担心专家地位受到威胁以及需要承担机会成本与风险等,知识分享难以自发进行.探讨几种可能解决知识分享问题的机制后,发现在完全信息静态环境下知识双向转移会陷入囚徒困境,对知识分享行为采用直接的、显性激励机制会产生激励扭曲问题,而实行关联报酬则可以产生较好效果,但在互惠信任机制下达到最佳.     

虚拟学术群组用户跨学科科研合作行为研究——以科学网和Mendeley为例

基于TPB理论向度,归纳和提取虚拟学术群组用户跨学科科研合作行为的影响因素,并引入跨学科科研合作行为意愿在影响因素与行为之间的中介作用;根据自我结构理论,引入自我结构类型对影响因素的调节作用,构建虚拟学术群组用户跨学科科研合作行为研究模型,利用调查问卷收集科学网和Mendeley总共479份样本数据,通过PLS～SEM方法对研究模型展开分析验证。研究结果表明,感知有用性、利他动机、学科文化和资源可用性通过跨学科科研合作行为意愿的中介作用间接显著影响跨学科科研合作行为;自我价值和互惠受自我结构类型的调节,自立自我负向显著调节互惠与Mendenly用户跨学科科研合作行为意愿的关联性;依存自我负向显著调节自我价值与科学网用户跨学科科研合作行为意愿的关联性。探索虚拟学术群组用户跨学科科研合作行为的影响因素,有助于推进跨学科科研合作行为和提升科研用户知识共享效率。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with