贵州省植物园芍药引种栽培观察

针对从黑龙江牡丹江引种的56个品种332株芍药在贵州省植物园生长发育规律进行观察,记录芍药引种栽培后的生长特性。观察发现引种芍药的生育期可划分为6个阶段,芍药在贵阳地区萌发比东北早50天,花期提早45天,枯萎期推迟70天。分株苗生长期长于1年、2年的实生苗,且分株繁殖与种子繁殖相比可明显缩短开花周期。所有植株的引种成活率在95%以上,品种的引种成功率为100%。因此,建议将芍药作为贵阳地区重要的园林植物发展。     

Co60-γ射线辐照对马蔺种子萌发的影响

为了在西北干旱半干旱地区大面积繁育推广马蔺这一耐盐碱、耐干旱的植物品种,对马蔺(Iris)种子进行了物理和化学处理以促进其萌发.物理处理主要使用不同强度的Co60-γ射线辐照种子,而化学处理则是用500mg/kg细胞分裂素溶液浸泡种子.通过对发芽率及各种田间试验数据的分析,证明打破马蔺种子休眠、促进其萌发的最适处理方法是Co60-γ射线辐射+热水浸泡;Co60-γ射线辐射的基本剂量范围确认在0.2580～0.9030C/kg,计量率为2.58×10-4C/(kg*s),浸泡热水温度以65℃为宜.该项研究工作对于西北地区开发新的饲料、药用植物资源、恢复改善当地生态环境、繁荣地方经济均具有一定的理论和实际意义.     

秋水仙素对杜梨四倍体的诱导及鉴定

为探明秋水仙素诱导杜梨四倍体的最佳处理组合,本次试验以杜梨萌动种子为材料,研究了不同质量分数秋水仙素处理对杜梨种子的诱变效应,对诱变植株进行了倍性鉴定。结果表明：经质量分数0.5%秋水仙素处理48 h的杜梨种子诱导效果最佳,诱导率为26.67%。四倍体诱变株染色体数4n=68条,是二倍体植株(2n=34)的2倍;流式细胞仪进一步检测表明,四倍体诱变株叶片细胞DNA数量是二倍体植株的2倍。杜梨四倍体呈现有植株矮化、节间缩短、叶片变大等表型特征,还表现出叶绿素质量分数提高、净光合速率增大等生理特性。     

濒危荒漠灌木四合木的种群更新与保护策略

四合木(Tetraena mongolica)为蒺藜科(Zygophyllaceae)强旱生落叶小灌木,是内蒙古西鄂尔多斯地区草原化荒漠植被的主要群种之一,被列为国家一级保护植物.就四合木的种子雨、种子萌发、幼苗生长及其适应性以及克隆分株特性与其种群更新的关系等方面进行了综述,并对四合木的种群更新与保护策略提出了若干建议.     

不同授粉方式和花序不同部位肉苁蓉种子质量的比较研究

采用人工授粉方法,对结实的肉苁蓉种子进行分级和生活力等测定,研究肉苁蓉不同授粉方式及花序不同部位种子的质量差异。结果表明,肉苁蓉异株异花方式授粉的结实率为88.4%,同株异花方式授粉的结实率为43.4%,自花授粉不能结实;异株异花方式授粉种子质量(空胚率为25.67%,千粒重为0.088g,生活力为41.33%,粒径≥0.5mm的重量百分比为95.33%)优于同株异花授粉种子(空胚率为92.77%,千粒重为0.068g,生活力为0.67%,粒径≥0.5mm的重量百分比为1.33%)。同一花序不同部位种子中,花序下部种子质量最好(千粒重为0.114g,生活力为33.33%,空胚率为33.75%,粒径≥0.5mm的重量百分比为81.33%);花序中部种子次之(千粒重为0.086g,生活力为32.67%,空胚率为35.50%,粒径≥0.5mm的重量百分比为78.52%);花序上部种子质量最差(千粒重为0.078g,种子生活力为10.33%,空胚率为75.65%,粒径≥0.5mm的重量百分比占66.81%)。     

大别山五针松不同母树林种子特性的比较

对不同地点大别山五针松母树林种子的特性进行比较,结果表明,大王沟母树林种子的饱满率、百粒重和活力分别为25.04%、130.45 g和100%,而妙道山母树林种子特性相应指标为10.12%、67.28 g和89.36%,两地的种子特性存在显著差异。     

春砂仁(Amomum villosum Lour.)种子发芽的试验研究

春砂仁种植于广东、广西、福建、云南、四川等省,以广东为主要产区.生产中多采用分株繁殖的方法,由于种苗不足,大面积发展受到限制.近年不少产区试用种子繁殖,又往往因采收、贮藏、播种或长途运输等处理不当,致使种子发芽率很低.为了探讨春砂仁种子发芽的特性及其与环境之间的关系,从而找出催芽的有效措施,提高种子发芽率,我们从197s年开始,采用几种方法进行了种子发芽的比较试验.     

NaCl胁迫下哈茨木霉对黄瓜种子萌发的影响

从41个滩涂湿地样品中分离得到45株木霉菌株,并对得到的木霉菌株进行了平板耐盐实验和黄瓜种子发芽实验。结果表明,PDA平板中Na Cl浓度为0.4 mol/L时,供试菌株的耐盐率范围在17.9%~85.5%之间,大部分菌株的耐盐率在50.0%~80.0%之间,不同菌株的耐盐率存在显著性差异(p0.01),其中哈茨木霉TW20015和TW20239耐盐率最高,分别达到了81.6%和85.5%。通过黄瓜种子发芽实验表明,种子发芽率随Na Cl浓度的提高而降低;加入TW20015、TW20239后可以提高种子的耐盐阈值。在Na Cl浓度为20 mg/m L时仍有种子萌发,而对照组Na Cl浓度为16 mg/m L时已无种子萌发。2株木霉均提高了黄瓜种子的发芽率和芽长,其中TW20015效果更好。本实验为进一步应用木霉提高植物的耐盐能力奠定了基础。     

缙云山常绿阔叶林建群种栲树的种子萌发特性

在实验室条件下研究了缙云山国家级保护区常绿阔叶林主要建群种栲树(Castanopsis fargesii)种子的萌发特性。经测定,单粒栲树种子质量变化范围为0.21~1.29g;按照栲树种子单粒质量频数分布选择大种子(0.80~1.29 g)、中种子(0.55~0.65 g)和小种子(0.21~0.40 g)进行种子萌发实验,探讨种内种子大小对萌发的影响;另外对种子进行表面消毒处理,探讨杀菌处理对种子萌发的影响。结果显示:1)栲树种子千粒重达到(582.21±16.14)g,超过缙云山绝大多数乔木植物,种子质量大;2)栲树种子整体萌发率达到75.1%,大种子为76.4%,中种子为85%,小种子为64%,大种子和中种子萌发率显著大于小种子(p<0.05);3)种子经过表面杀菌处理其萌发率并没有显著提高;4)栲树种子起始萌发时间为4 d,持续萌发时间为20 d,没有休眠性,萌发格局属于过渡型。综合分析认为,栲树种子这些萌发特性有利于种群持续稳定的更新,以维持栲树在群落中的优势地位。
     

缙云山常绿阔叶林建群种栲树的种子萌发特性

在实验室条件下研究了缙云山国家级保护区常绿阔叶林主要建群种栲树(Castanopsis fargesii)种子的萌发特性。经测定,单粒栲树种子质量变化范围为0.21~1.29g;按照栲树种子单粒质量频数分布选择大种子(0.80~1.29g)、中种子(0.55~0.65g)和小种子(0.21~0.40g)进行种子萌发实验,探讨种内种子大小对萌发的影响;另外对种子进行表面消毒处理,探讨杀菌处理对种子萌发的影响。结果显示:1)栲树种子千粒重达到(582.21±16.14)g,超过缙云山绝大多数乔木植物,种子质量大;2)栲树种子整体萌发率达到75.1%,大种子为76.4%,中种子为85%,小种子为64%,大种子和中种子萌发率显著大于小种子(p0.05);3)种子经过表面杀菌处理其萌发率并没有显著提高;4)栲树种子起始萌发时间为4d,持续萌发时间为20d,没有休眠性,萌发格局属于过渡型。综合分析认为,栲树种子这些萌发特性有利于种群持续稳定的更新,以维持栲树在群落中的优势地位。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with