基于BP神经网络技术的炭黑工艺参数建模

1简介 炭黑是由许多烃类物质(固态、液态或气态)经不完全燃烧或裂解生成的.炭黑是橡胶制品(主要是轮胎)的重要补强剂和填充剂[1、2].橡胶工业没有炭黑工业辅助配合,是不可能发展的.炭黑生产工艺参数约43个,分别归属于温度、压力、流量三种类型中,工艺数据为高维数据,炭黑质量衡量标准中的全指标为13个,所以又为多指标问题.     

基于PLC的炭黑扫描防错系统在轮胎制造中的应用

橡胶是汽车轮胎制造的主体材料,而炭黑是轮胎生产中的一种重要成分.炭黑输送机在轮胎制造行业里是一种必不可少且非常重要的一种工业设备.为了避免人工操作出错,采用自动控制技术（可编程控制器PLC）实行自动输送机器的控制,通过炭黑扫描防错系统,控制炭黑输送中炭黑品种的正确性.     

活性硅酸钙填充丁苯橡胶复合材料性能研究

以活性硅酸钙、炭黑、白炭黑为原材料,使用硅烷偶联剂对其进行改性,采用熔融共混法制备丁苯橡胶复合材料,研究了改性剂种类、添加量、硅酸钙填充量、与炭黑、白炭黑配合比例对丁苯橡胶复合材料硫化性能、力学性能的影响.研究表明：添加硅酸钙后,复合材料的硫化性能得到优化;在与白炭黑或炭黑配合填充时,可明显缩短硫化时间、降低最小扭矩,提高了胶料的压延性能和生产效率;在低拉伸率范围内,硅酸钙表现出优异的补强性能,可替代或部分替代昂贵的炭黑、白炭黑等传统填料,以降低橡胶制品的经济成本.     

轮胎的正确使用方法和保养措施的探讨

汽车轮胎是汽车上极为关键的易损件,其性能好坏直接影响汽车的行车安全性和舒适性以及燃油经济性等,然而由于它是橡胶制品,人们对其使用存在认识误区,因此轮胎的保养和正确使用通常不被人们重视。该文从轮胎的选用、安装、使用和维护相关的多个方面总结和探讨了轮胎正确使用和维护的相关事项,如轮胎的选择、安装要求、工作气压要求以及驾驶人员对车辆驾驶和使用习惯方面的影响等,由此提出相关措施得以提高轮胎的工作性能,延长轮胎的使用寿命,进而最大化的保障行车安全。     

技术转让

RFC新型补强填充剂生产技术编号：J970050RFC新型补强剂是以热电厂的粉煤灰为主要原料，经过物理化学活化处理制成的无机与有机高分子化合物，是一种多层复合形成的黑色粉状补强填充剂。该产品具有较高的补强性、弹性、抗老化性，容易与胶料掺混，胶料流动性能好，操作不易飞扬．耗能低等优点、可广泛应用于各种橡胶制品中，如轮胎、胎体帘布胶、垫带、力车胎、自行车胎、运输带、三角带、胶管、胶鞋等制品的填充剂，也可作塑料加工业的填充剂．可以代替软质炭黑和部分硬质炭黑。本技术已在河南省推广应用。RFC填充天然胶其硫化胶的物理…     

湿滑路面上固体颗粒对轮胎附着性能的影响

文章依据流体动力润滑理论,把轮胎的黏性滑水现象模拟为光滑胎面单元与粗糙路面之间的动压、挤压膜问题,同时考虑了雨水中固体颗粒浓度对黏度的影响,从而建立了轮胎/路面黏性滑水现象的平均流量模型,并进行数值求解,分析了固体颗粒、外载荷、初始高度、滑动速度等因素对轮胎附着性能的影响。结果表明,外载荷、初始高度、滑动速度对轮胎湿附着性能有重要影响,减少液膜中固体颗粒浓度有利于提高胎面单元的湿附着性能。这些结果将促进轮胎黏性滑水理论的进一步完善。     

凹凸于橡胶表面的炭黑颗粒对轮胎耐磨性的作用

通过采用原子力显微镜研究分散于橡胶中的炭黑微观颗粒,测量了凸出在橡胶表面的炭黑聚集体高度值和包裹于炭黑周围的结合胶厚度值。研究发现其厚度变化范围为3 nm～7 nm,对应的炭黑原生粒径范围为20 nm～70 nm,而宏观耐磨性由大到小依次增强。较大粒径(70 nm左右)炭黑周围几乎观察不到结合胶,炭黑凸出高度值较大(约为20 nm～70 nm)。基于橡胶结合胶理论和磨粒磨损机理,提出一种新颖的炭黑补强解释。该理论的要点认为炭黑补强轮胎耐磨性归因于大量凸出在橡胶基体上的炭黑聚集体颗粒提供的表面硬质点,这些硬质点与地面接触,从而保护了基体橡胶不因高速摩擦而磨损。炭黑原生颗粒和橡胶基体的固定可通过一层结合胶实现。结合胶在受外力产生摩擦时能够提供弹性,能够将部分炭黑颗粒埋藏起来,而另一部分炭黑颗粒则仍然凸出于基体表面抵制耐磨,外力撤除后,其又恢复正常。     

全炭黑/白炭黑轮胎全生命周期环境影响的比较研究

为了降低轮胎全生命周期所产生的环境影响,促进废旧轮胎的再生利用,提升轮胎产业的环境效益与经济效益,针对白炭黑在乘用车用半钢子午线轮胎中的应用开展碳足迹研究。基于全生命周期理论,采用亿科eFootprint数据库分别构建了全炭黑和白炭黑体系轮胎模型,并对其生产阶段、运输使用及废弃回收阶段进行全生命周期碳足迹对比分析。研究结果表明：轮胎使用阶段是对碳足迹贡献最大的部分,其次是生产阶段;使用白炭黑替代炭黑作为补强剂可以在提高轮胎性能的同时,显著降低使用能耗,从而减小轮胎全生命周期产生的环境影响。     

利用AFM研究炭黑的微观分散

炭黑在橡胶中的分散程度对其补强性能的发挥至关重要,工业生产中用光学显微镜获得的胶料图像仅能判别炭黑粉团的聚集程度,表征混炼工艺是否合格。探究不同炭黑在橡胶中的微观分散程度,有助于从纳米尺度搞清楚炭黑分散程度对炭黑补强性能的贡献。使用原子力显微镜(AFM)获取硫化胶片截面的微观相图,表征出炭黑在橡胶中的分散程度,从分散程度角度解释了不同粒径和结构炭黑的补强性和耐磨性的差异。选取最具代表性的五种炭黑为原料,定量表征炭黑聚集体在天然橡胶中的分散程度,统计评价分析炭黑在橡胶中的聚集体尺寸分布和间距分布。结果发现:(1)炭黑原生粒径越小其炭黑微观分散程度越好;(2)N115粒径最小,在胶料中分布最均匀导致其补强性能最佳,但是粒径太小混炼困难;(3)N300系列炭黑在橡胶中,结构程度对炭黑微观分散程度的影响较小,但随着结构的增高,其补强性能更好。     

生产活化胶粉市场潜力大

世界范围内，每年有大量废旧橡胶制品被遗弃。如何有效地利用它们，这是关系到节约资源，发展再生资源，防止公害的一个重要问题。运用废旧橡胶生产再生胶，在我国已有几十年的历史。因质量原因，生产轮胎等重要橡胶制品时禁止使用再生胶，其应用范围受到极大限制。活化胶粉是将废旧轮胎的服面胶进行清洗、粉碎、除铁去杂，采用合理配方活化处理而成。生产活化胶粉比生产再生胶工序极大简化。并可节电物％，节水80％以上，生产成本明显降低。而活化胶粉的物理机械性能优良，可广泛用于轮胎、胶管、胶鞋、脐带、橡胶工业制品、电缆、电线以及…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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