Ni系低温钢的高温氧化行为研究

为研究Ni系低温钢的高温氧化行为,利用Setsys Evolution型高温同步热分析仪对Fe-3.5Ni和Fe-9Ni钢在700~1200℃的氧化行为进行了研究,采用电子探针(EPMA)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段表征了氧化物微观形貌和物相组成.结果表明:700~1200℃条件下氧化2h后,Fe-3.5Ni钢和Fe-9Ni钢的氧化增重曲线规律相似,相同氧化温度条件下,单位面积Fe-9Ni钢的增重量低于Fe-3.5Ni钢.随氧化温度的升高,试样表面依次出现团絮状、晶须状和不规则多边形状Fe₂O₃.氧化分为内氧化和外氧化,内、外氧化层厚度随氧化温度的提高逐渐增加,且900℃是两种钢外氧化层厚度发生突变的临界温度.内氧化层由FeNi₃和混合物(FeO+Fe₃O₄)组成,外氧化层由Fe₂O₃,Fe₃O₄和FeO组成,且外氧化层内包裹着尖晶石相NiFe₂O₄;随着Ni含量增加,NiFe₂O₄增多并形成连续的薄带.     

水热法合成磁性纳米微球NiFe2O4及其电化学稳定性分析

采用Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O混合水热法合成纳米NiFe₂O₄粉体, 通过X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对样品进行表征, 并对其进行充放电循环测试. 实验结果表明： 生成的纳米NiFe₂O₄粉体为准晶型, 呈球状, 结晶度高, 晶型完好, 粒径分布均匀; 第1,30,50,70次的充放电比容量分别为（997,1 019）,(726,750.2),(560.9,578.4),(514.8,528.2)(mA·h)/g, 表明NiFe₂O₄具有较好的电化学稳定性.     

Fe2O3修饰CaSO4/Ben载氧体化学链燃烧反应特性

分别采用间歇式流化床反应器和热重分析仪进行多次循环实验及反应性能测试,研究了Fe2O3在化学链燃烧过程中对CaSO₄/Ben(膨润土)载氧体的催化作用,并对比Fe₂O₃不同添加量(质量分数)时CaSO₄/Ben载氧体与CO的反应活化能。结果表明,添加Fe₂O₃后CaSO₄/Ben载氧体的比表面积和孔容增加,还原反应速率提高,并使系统内维持较高浓度的CO₂;添加Fe₂O₃可抑制CaSO₄生成CaO和含硫气体的反应,提高CaSO₄/Ben载氧体循环反应的稳定性;Fe₂O₃的最佳添加量为w=15.0%,该添加量下CaSO₄/Ben载氧体与CO反应的活化能由88.72 kJ/mol降低至43.08 kJ/mol,反应活性显著提高。     

阶梯热还原法制备Fe3O4/rGO复合膜

先用溶液共混法获得Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒与氧化石墨烯（GO）混合溶液, 再通过阶梯热还原过程（从室温逐渐升至160 ℃）制备Fe₃O₄和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）复合膜, 并用X射线衍射仪、 Fourier变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜表征不同Fe₃O₄质量分数的Fe₃O₄/rGO复合膜的结构和形貌, 用矢量网络分析仪测试复合膜的电磁参数. 实验结果表明, 当Fe₃O₄质量分数为40％时, 复合膜的吸波效能为17.30 dB, 频率为10.72 GHz, 厚度为2 mm, 低于-10 dB[KG*8]的有效吸收带宽为3.28 GHz.     

Ferrites boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over graphitic carbon nitride: a case study of (Co,Ni)Fe2O4 modification

The charge carrier separation and surface catalytic redox reactions are of primary importance as elementary steps in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. In this study, both of these two processes in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over graphitic carbon nitride（g-C₃N₄） were greatly promoted with the earth-abundant ferrites（Co,Ni）Fe₂O₄modification. Co Fe₂O₄ was further demonstrated to be a better modifier for g-C₃N₄ as compared to Ni Fe₂O₄,due to the more efficient charge carrier transfer as well as superior surface oxidative catalytic activity. When together loading Co Fe₂O₄ and reductive hydrogen production electrocatalyst Pt onto g-C₃N₄, the obtained Pt/g-C₃N₄/Co Fe₂O₄ photocatalyst achieved visible-light（λ>420 nm） hydrogen production rate 3.5 times as high as Pt/g-C₃N₄, with the apparent quantum yield reaching 3.35 % at 420 nm.     

Synthesis and characterization of Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>@SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> magnetic composite nanoparticles by a one-pot process

Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core–shell composite nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a one-pot process. Tetraethyl-orthosilicate was used as a surfactant to synthesize Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core–shell structures from prepared Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The properties of the Fe₃O₄ and Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ composite nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The prepared Fe₃O₄ particles were approximately 12 nm in size, and the thickness of the SiO₂ coating was approximately 4 nm. The magnetic properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometry. The results show that the maximum saturation magnetization of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ powder (34.85 A·m2·kg–1) was markedly lower than that of the Fe₃O₄ powder (79.55 A·m2·kg–1), which demonstrates that Fe₃O₄ was successfully wrapped by SiO₂. The Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ composite nanoparticles have broad prospects in biomedical applications; thus, our next study will apply them in magnetic resonance imaging.     

全水解制氢用自支撑多孔NixFe–S/NiFe2O4异质结构双功能电催化剂

稳定的非贵金属双功能电催化剂是可再生能源驱动的波动全水电解面临的难题之一。本文在三维碳纤维布上电沉积制备了多孔Ni–Fe金属阵列,并在此基础上进行原位氧化和化学硫化,构建了一种新型的自支撑分级多孔Ni_xFe–S/NiFe₂O₄异质结构双功能电催化剂。研究结果表明,Ni_xFe–S/NiFe₂O₄异质结构催化剂对析氢反应(HER)和析氧反应(OER)都表现出良好的催化活性和稳定性,优异的催化性质与其大比表面积提供丰富的活性位点、异质结构的协同效应、超亲水表面和稳定的自支撑结构密不可分。分析结果证析氧过程异质结构中的Ni_xFe–S转化为金属氧化物/氢氧化物和Ni₃S₂。与商用20wt% Pt/C||IrO₂-Ta₂O₅相比,自支撑Ni_1/5Fe–S/NiFe₂O₄||Ni_1/2Fe–S/NiFe₂O₄在10-500mA/cm2的波动电流密度范围内表现出更好的稳定性和更低的槽电压。在500 mA/cm2的工业电流密度下,Ni_1/5Fe–S/NiFe₂O₄||Ni_1/2Fe–S/NiFe₂O₄的槽电压仅为约3.91 V,比Pt/C||IrO₂–Ta₂O₅ (约4.79 V)降低了约20%。     

阶梯热还原法制备Fe3O4/rGO复合膜

先用溶液共混法获得Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒与氧化石墨烯（GO）混合溶液, 再通过阶梯热还原过程（从室温逐渐升至160 ℃）制备Fe₃O₄和还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）复合膜， 并用X射线衍射仪、 Fourier变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜表征不同Fe₃O₄质量分数的Fe₃O₄/rGO复合膜的结构和形貌, 用矢量网络分析仪测试复合膜的电磁参数. 实验结果表明, 当Fe₃O₄质量分数为40％时, 复合膜的吸波效能为17.30 dB, 频率为10.72 GHz, 厚度为2 mm, 低于-10 dB[KG*8]的有效吸收带宽为3.28 GHz.     

动态反应釜制备超顺磁性Fe3O4粒子及其DNA提取

使用动态反应釜制备得到磁性粒子,与静态反应釜相比单次制备量提高20倍;通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅立叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）等手段对产物进行表征,证明获得了粒径200 nm左右的单分散Fe₃O₄粒子,并具有超顺磁性;对其表面进行SiO₂包覆,获得具有良好分散性的Fe₃O₄@SiO₂粒子。研究发现Fe₃O₄@SiO₂对DNA提取具有可重复利用性,并且质粒DNA吸附到Fe₃O₄@SiO₂上后可直接加入聚合酶链式反应（PCR）体系作为扩增模板。     

Isothermal reduction kinetics and mineral phase of chromium-bearing vanadium-titanium sinter reduced with CO gas at 873-1273 K

Reduction of chromium-bearing vanadium-titanium sinter (CVTS) was studied under simulated conditions of a blast furnace, and thermodynamics and kinetics were theoretically analyzed. Reduction kinetics of CVTS at different temperatures was evaluated using a shrinking unreacted core model. The microstructure, mineral phase, and variation of the sinter during reduction were observed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and metallographic microscopy. Results indicate that porosity of CVTS increased with temperature. Meanwhile, the reduction degree of the sinter improved with the reduction rate. Reduction of the sinter was controlled by a chemical reaction at the initial stage and inner diffusion at the final stage. Activation energies measured 29.22-99.69 kJ/mol. Phase transformations in CVTS reduction are as follows:Fe₂O₃→Fe₃O₄→FeO→Fe; Fe₂TiO₅→Fe₂TiO₄→FeTiO₃; FeO·V₂O₃→V₂O₃; FeO·Cr₂O₃→Cr₂O₃.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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