尿素共沉淀法制备钇铝石榴石粉体及透明陶瓷

实验以Y(NO3)3.6H2O、Al(NO3)3.9H2O(、NH4)2SO4为原料,尿素为沉淀剂,正硅酸乙酯作为添加剂,采用均相共沉淀法制备出YAG前驱体粉体,生成的YAG前驱体颗粒尺寸小.通过TG、XRD和SEM测试手段对粉体材料进行表征,所合成的Nd:YAG超细粉,颗粒度小、粒径均匀、流动性好.研究结果表明:前驱体粉体经过1200℃烧结后,得到完全晶化的YAG粉体.使用0.5%(质量分数)的正硅酸乙酯作为烧结添加剂,1750℃真空烧结5 h后,得到了基本透明的YAG陶瓷.     

超临界流体干燥技术制备Nd∶YAG纳米粉体及透明陶瓷

以Y₂O₃、OAl(NO₃)₃·9H₂O和Nd(NO₃)₃·6H₂O为原料,采用尿素均匀沉淀法制备不同Nd掺杂量的YAG前驱体沉淀,经CO₂ 超临界流体干燥得Nd:YAG前驱体,煅烧后得到Nd:YAG粉体;将粉体干压成型为素坯,经冷等静压后真空烧结获得性能良好的Nd:YAG透明陶瓷。用FT-IR、XRD、SEM等测试手段对Nd:YAG前驱体及粉体进行分析,并通过紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计、SEM测定表征了陶瓷样品的直线透过率及表面和断口形貌。结果表明,1300℃煅烧的Nd:YAG粉体均为纯YAG相,颗粒呈椭球形,分散性良好,尺寸分布均匀;粉体成型后在1780~1800℃真空烧结得到透明陶瓷,Nd摩尔分数为1%的YAG陶瓷样品晶粒尺寸分布为5~10μm,抛光后1064nm波长处直线透过率达80%。     

聚合物前驱体法合成La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ纳米粉体

采用聚合物前驱体法,以硝酸盐为原料,乙二醇为溶剂,甘氨酸为螯合剂制备La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ前驱体溶胶及其纳米粉体,考察甘氨酸用量、溶胶蒸发温度及时间对溶胶稳定性的影响。结果表明:当甘氨酸和总金属离子物质的量之比为1∶1时,65℃蒸发48 h可得到均匀、稳定的前驱体溶胶;所得凝胶在700℃下烧结5 h可得到平均粒径为54.4 nm的纯钙钛矿型粉体。     

低温燃烧法合成Nd:GGG纳米陶瓷粉体

以金属硝酸盐为原料,柠檬酸为助燃剂,采用低温燃烧法合成出多晶Nd∶GGG纳米陶瓷粉体.采用TG-DTA、XRD、FT-IR、SEM等测试手段对粉体的相组成和微观结构进行表征.结果表明:前驱体在750℃煅烧2h直接生成Nd∶GGG,煅烧过程中无其它中间相生成.900℃时煅烧所得粉体平均粒径为40nm,分散性好,形状呈球形或类球形,可用于烧结Nd∶GGG透明陶瓷样品.     

碳酸氢铵共沉淀法制备纳米Nd:YAG粉体的研究

以硝酸铝和硝酸钇为原料,以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,采用共沉淀法合成铝和钇的碳酸盐作为反应前驱体,同时借助IR、XRD和TEM等测试手段对不同浓度盐溶液所得前驱体和煅烧产物进行表征。结果表明:盐溶液浓度的升高不利于纯相YAG粉体的合成,当铝离子浓度达到0.05mol/L时,前驱体在900℃保温2h可以得到纯相YAG粉体,粉体分散性好,平均粒径为30～40nm,近球形;而当浓度大于0.5mol/L时,前驱体只有在1 200℃以上才可以形成纯相YAG。     

用于制备YAG透明陶瓷激光材料超细粉体的合成及其表征研究

作者以硝酸钇和硫酸铝铵（摩尔比为3：5）为原料，碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂，利用无机体系共沉淀法制备了钇铝石榴石Y3Al5O12(YAG)前驱体。对前驱体进行适当处理并采用高温热解法,制备出了纯相的YAG超细粉体。用XRD分别分析了不同焙烧温度下所得粉体物相、用TG／DTA分析前驱体在加热过程中的重量变化和晶化的温度，用TEM观察所得YAG超细粉体的形貌。结果表明，和其它无机体系相比，可在较低焙烧温度（900℃）下直接得到YAG纯相，而且粉体颗粒细小均匀，呈椭球形，尺寸为30－40nm。     

Ce0.9Gd0.1O19.5纳米粉的合成研究

分别采用柠檬酸一硝酸盐法,甘氨酸一硝酸盐法,碳酸盐共沉淀法制备了Ce0.9Gd0.1O19.5粉体。利用XRD、TG-DTA和FI-IR对粉体进行了表征,探讨了合成方法和烧结温度对掺杂CeO2米粉体粒径的影响。结果表明,烧结温度对粉体的粒径大小有较大的影响,采用碳酸盐共沉淀法合成的样品于500℃下焙烧2h后合成的掺杂CeO2粉体的颗粒最小。     

EDTA络合法合成CSLNT陶瓷粉体

以乙二胺四乙酸 (EDTA)为络合剂 ,采用液相混合法合成 (1 -x)Ca0 .4Sm0 .4TiO3 -xLi0 .5Nd0 .5TiO3(CSLNT)陶瓷粉体 .探讨了溶液的 pH值对CSLNT粉体制备的影响 .采用XRD和SEM等技术来分析和表征由有机物前驱体得到的粉体 .当x =0 .3时 ,在空气中将CSLNT前驱体于 1 0 0 0℃预烧 3h可得到钙钛矿结构的CSLNT ,用此粉体制备的微波介质陶瓷在 1 2 5 0℃烧结 3h显示出优良的微波介电性能 :εr=98,Qf =6 5 0 0GHz ,τf=7.6× 1 0 -6/℃ .     

特殊液相沉淀法制备纳米Al2O3粉体

采用特殊液相沉淀法制备氧化铝前驱体,经不同温度焙烧,通过TEM表征,给出了焙烧温度与粉体粒径的曲线.可以看出,在500 ℃至1 100 ℃范围内,随焙烧烧温度的升高,粉体粒径有增大的趋势,但不明显;当温度继续升高,粉体粒径明显增大,当温度升至1 250 ℃时平均粒径达到50nm.XRD检测表明,经1 250 ℃焙烧,可得到α相纳米氧化铝粉体.对反应过程中沉淀产物的过滤性进行比较,发现Al 2(SO 4) 3为反应物较AlCl 3为反应物的过滤性好.     

Nd∶YAG陶瓷粉体的晶相组成与发光性能

以铝、钕、钇的硝酸盐和尿素为原料,采用尿素均匀沉淀法制备了不同钕掺杂量的Nd∶YAG陶瓷粉体。采用TG-DSC、FT-IR、XRD、SEM和荧光分光光度计分别研究了前驱体的组成以及钕掺杂量对晶相组成、晶粒形貌和光致发光性能的影响规律。结果表明：尿素均匀沉淀法制备的前驱体是由氢氧化物和碳酸盐组成的复合盐。前驱体在1000℃焙烧2h后得到的样品,其晶相组成随钕掺杂量的增加由单一YAG相向YAG、YAM、YAP三相共存发展,颗粒的平均粒径随掺杂量的增加呈增大趋势。荧光发射强度随钕掺杂量的增加呈先增大后减小的变化趋势,在钕掺杂量为1.69%时出现最大值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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