高砷酸性废水除砷的研究

为使高砷酸性废水经处理后能达标排放,且不产生二次污染,需要进行分步处理.对高含砷废水(砷含量为10000mg/L左右)采用分步、催化氧化后絮凝沉淀的处理方法.一步处理:采用石灰乳,调pH=3～4去除SO42-;二步处理:采用NaOH溶液使pH=9～10,回收重金属;三步处理:加入催化剂—活性炭和Fe2 通入空气氧化,使溶液中的As(Ⅲ)和Fe2 氧化成As(Ⅴ)和Fe3 ,然后用石灰乳控制pH=6～9,使高价砷酸根与Fe3 生成难溶的FeAsO4沉淀.经过上述处理后溶液中的砷小于0.5mg/L,有很好的实用价值.     

粗结晶硫酸铜脱除砷、锑和铋研究

用氧化-中和-共沉淀方法脱除粗硫酸铜中的砷、锑、铋,使之达到电积铜粉用硫酸铜溶液的质量要求。结果表明:在200 mL硫酸铜溶液中,当Cu2+质量浓度为60 g/L,质量分数为3%的H2O2加入量为4 mL,质量分数为20%的聚合硫酸铁加入量为3 mL,氧化时间为10 min,过滤后滤液中加入Na2CO3调节pH至3.80,反应60 min时,除杂综合效果最好,As脱除率达94.17%,Sb脱除率达45.95%,Bi脱除率达88.64%,原液中Fe脱除率达98.83%。     

热轧卷取板的氧化层结构及热力学分析

用电子分析天平测量了热轧卷取板试样表面氧化铁皮的增重,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)观察测量了试样表面氧化皮形貌、氧化层厚度和成分,并用热力学方法进行了分析.结果表明,快速冷却时,试样氧化层形成3层结构,即Fe2O3→Fe2O3、Fe3O4→Fe3O→Fe;延长冷却时间,试样氧化层形成2层结构,即Fe2O3→Fe2O3、Fe3O4→Fe.     

铜和锌离子对水热臭葱石沉砷过程的影响

研究铜和锌离子质量浓度变化对Fe~(2+)氧化,Fe~(3+)与As~(5+)共沉淀形成臭葱石过程的作用机理以及对As和Fe沉淀率、沉砷渣化学组分和物相组成的影响规律。研究结果表明:由于Cu~(2+)/Cu~+离子对的催化作用,亚铁离子氧化速率加快,促进亚稳态碱式硫酸铁水热沉淀反应的发生,当初始Cu~(2+)质量浓度为20 g/L时,As和Fe沉淀率分别为96.9%和74.9%;沉砷渣中Cu主要以类质同象形式取代砷酸铁晶格中的铁形成砷酸铜类复杂化合物。Zn~(2+)质量浓度的增加促进了Fe~(2+)/SO_4~(2-)离子对的氧化,使Fe~(3+)更易达到过饱和状态,导致亚稳态铁矾物相的生成,形成以臭葱石为主并伴有微量铁矾和碱式硫酸铁的聚合体。当初始Zn~(2+)质量浓度为20 g/L时,沉砷渣中As,Fe和S的质量分数分别为23.5%,28.5%和3.7%,其中Zn主要以聚合物的形式包覆在臭葱石表面。     

硫酸铜杂质脱除工艺

采用中和沉淀法,以Na2CO3作脱杂剂一次性脱除农用硫酸铜中Pb,Zn,Co,Ca,Ni杂质,使之达到电镀用硫酸铜的质量要求.讨论了pH值、溶液起始浓度、溶液浓缩密度和过滤速度对除杂的影响.结果表明控制pH值为4.0,溶液CuSO4起始质量分数为30%,浓缩液密度为1.320g/cm3和慢速过滤的条件下,可使产品中的w(Pb)≤0.0005%,w(Zn)≤0.0005%,w(Co)≤0.0005%,w(Ca)≤0.0010%,w(Ni)≤0.0020%.同时采用与小试验相同的工艺流程与条件进行了现场工业试验,产品质量达到小试验产品指标,产品为蓝色有光泽晶体,结晶颗粒均匀,符合电镀用硫酸铜要求,证明该脱杂工艺路线是合理可行的,操作方便,容易实现工业生产.     

金胶光度法测定铜钴镍中微量砷

本文研究了金胶光度法测定铜、钴、镍盐中的微量砷。采用氢氧化镧作载体共沉淀砷,Cu~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)在氨性介质中形成氨配离子被分离除去。砷用锌还原为AsH_3由酸性Au(SCN)_4~-溶液吸收,在保护剂存在下生成红色金溶胶,测量金胶溶液的吸光度便可测定砷。本法测砷,铜、钴、镍试液中含量在0～9μg范围内有良好线性关系.砷的最低检出量在硫酸铜、钴、镍盐中分别为0.36、0.40、0.70ppm。测定饲料微量元素添加物硫酸铜试样,十次测定的标准偏差为0.13,相对标准偏差为2.5％,七次测定的平均回收率大于95％。本法简易、决速、准确、灵敏。文献很少见有用简易光度法测定铜、钴、镍盐中微量砷的报导。     

含硫油品储罐腐蚀产物硫铁化物的生成及其氧化倾向性

硫铁化物的氧化放热被认为是引起含硫油品储罐火灾与爆炸事故的主要原因.储罐内壁铁的主要腐蚀产物Fe2O3、Fe3O4、Fe(OH)3与H2S气体反应可以生成不同形式的硫铁化物,同时H2S气体溶解在水中生成的氢硫酸与内壁铁也可以生成硫铁化物.考察了不同方式生成的硫铁化物的氧化倾向性,并对其硫化产物进行了扫描电镜分析.结果表明,Fe2O3、Fe3O4生成的硫铁化物氧化倾向性较高,结构的不同可能是造成其自燃性差异的主要原因.     

用铜矿石生产海绵铜的方法

电解铜是市场紧俏物资,海绵铜是生产电解铜的原料之一,每吨价在13500元以上。村、乡办小厂可就近利用本地小型铜矿资源生产海绵铜,效益是显著的。本方法的特点是工艺简单、投入少、见效快,生产出的海绵铜含铜量在80％以上。 一、生产原理 1.用氧化态铜矿生产,系将铜矿石粉碎后,使其中所含的碱式碳酸铜被硫酸浸出而成硫酸铜,再让铁置换硫酸铜中的铜而生成海绵状铜沉淀。反应式如下: CuCO_3·Cu(OH)_2+H_2SO_4→CuSO_4+CO_2+H_2 CuSO_4+Fe+Cu↓+FeSO_4 2.用硫化态铜矿石生产,系将硫化态铜矿中的硫酸铜经焙烧而成硫化铜或氧化铜,再与硫酸反应生成硫酸铜。然后用铁置换铜而生成海绵状铜。     

氧化铁/活性炭复合吸附材料去除水中砷的研究

以实验室制备的氧化铁、经硝酸和草酸铁改性的活性炭12×40(AC 1)为原料,分别制成两种氧化铁/活性炭复合吸附材料(FeO/AC-H和AC/Fe2(C2O4)).通过X射线衍射仪、氮气吸附仪、扫描电子显微镜和X射线光谱仪进行吸附的表观特性和物化性能分析,结果表明,活性炭的表面物质有磁铁矿(Fe3O4)、磁赤铁矿(γ-Fe2O3)、赤铁矿(α-Fe2O3)和针铁矿(α-FeO(OH)),而且这些物质的存在对活性炭的比表面积影响不大.采用静态吸附实验方法,用AC 1,FeO/AC-H和AC/Fe2(C2O4)三种吸附剂吸附去除水中砷,获得了吸附等温平衡数据,用Langmuir模型和Fre-undlich模型进行回归分析.结果表明,FeO/AC-H和AC 1对As(Ⅴ)的吸附更符合Langmuir吸附模型,而复合吸附剂AC/Fe2(C2O4)对As(Ⅴ)的吸附比较符合Freundlich吸附模型.     

利用茶渣制备茶黄素工艺的研究

以茶渣为原料进行化学氧化制备茶黄素的工艺研究.着重研究氧化剂K3Fe(CN)6/NaHCO3、FeCl3、Fe2(SO4)3、Fe(NO3)3的氧化效果.结果表明,茶渣浸提液在以上4种氧化剂作用下均可氧化形成茶黄素,而碱性氧化剂K3Fe(CN)6/NaHCO3的氧化效果最好,当质量浓度为40.mg/mL、添加量为3%、20.℃下反应20.min时,茶黄素生成量最高为0.23%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with