桔绿木霉产木聚糖酶固体发酵条件研究

对桔绿木霉(Trichoderma citrinoviride)XE-13产木聚糖酶发酵条件进行优化.采用单因素法,研究固体发酵条件下最适培养基组成、料水比以及培养温度、培养基初始p H、培养时间、接种量等条件对产酶的影响.确定培养基组成为:碳源(m(麸皮)∶m(玉米芯)=4 g∶6 g);氮源(NH_4)_2SO_4;碳∶氮=(m(C)∶m(N)=1 g∶0.05 g);料∶水=1 g∶1.5 mL.最适合的培养条件为:培养温度30℃、培养基初始pH值6.0、培养时间72 h、接种量1.0×10~7个/mL孢子悬液/培养基干料=0.3 mL/10 g.在此条件下,木聚糖酶活力可达391.5 U/g.     

耐碱性木聚糖酶发酵生产条件的研究

研究了不同培养条件下的产耐碱性木聚糖酶的情况 .类黄假单胞菌SQ153 产酶适宜条件为 :以4%的麸皮为碳源 ,以 0 .6 %的尿素为氮源 ,pH 10 .0 ,37℃ ,2 0 0r/ pm培养 14h ,其酶活力达 5 98IU/mL培养基 .在 5L自控发酵罐中 ,产酶达到同样水平 ,发酵周期缩短约 1h .     

α-淀粉酶发酵条件的优化

利用米曲霉菌株液体发酵生产α-淀粉酶。产酶培养基优化试验表明：以面粉为碳源,黄豆饼粉为有机氮源,NaNO3为无机氮源。发酵配方如下（g/L）：面粉浓度为45,黄豆饼粉浓度为20,NaNO3 4,K2HPO4 3,MgSO4 1,FeSO4·7H20 0.01。产酶培养条件优化表明：最适发酵初始pH为7,装液量为40mL（250mL三角瓶）,接种量为10%,发酵温度为33.5℃,摇床转速为235rpm,培养时间为72h。此条件下,最终发酵水平达到1962.32U/mL,比初始时提高45%。     

木聚糖酶固体发酵条件的试验

对采用黑曲霉C3486固态发酵生产木聚糖酶的条件进行了研究.确定了所试因素的最佳组合：麸皮与玉米芯的比例为7∶3,氮源是1.0%硫酸铵,培养基起始pH值为自然pH值,250mL三角瓶中装培养基15g,培养时间为72h,温度为40℃,接种量为5%.在上述条件下木聚糖酶的平均产量可达14kU/g.     

重组大肠杆菌发酵生产β-葡聚糖酶工艺条件研究

通过对重组大肠杆菌JM109-pLF3摇瓶发酵生产β-1,3-1,4-葡聚糖酶工艺条件的研究,得出最佳培养条件为:温度39℃,摇床转速150 r/min,培养基装量20 mL/250 mL,培养基初始pH 6.7,种子培养时间16 h,接种量1%.在最佳培养条件下,发酵30 h酶活力达到最大值481.41 U/mL.最优条件下摇瓶恒速补加氮源对酶活的提高贡献较大,且适当提高流加量对促进产酶效果更明显,酶活力可达628.30 U/mL,为初始时的2.1倍.     

碱性果胶酶生产菌株的产酶条件优化

对自行筛选的碱性果胶酶生产菌培养条件进行了优化.考查了碳源、氮源浓度和接种量对发酵产酶的影响.经单因素实验和正交试验研究,该菌株最佳产酶条件组合为:果胶添加量0.3％、NaNO3添加量0.6％、接种量6％.在此条件下,碱性果胶酶酶活力达到6 079 U/mL.     

利用曲霉sp.HX-1发酵稻草秸秆制备纤维素酶

以稻草秸秆原料,利用曲霉sp.HX-1固态发酵生产纤维素酶,研究了不同发酵时间、不同氮源和氮源浓度对曲霉sp.HX-1纤维素酶系的影响,并最终用硫酸铵分级沉淀和低温冷冻干燥的方法得到混合纤维素酶干品.结果表明,发酵6 d后稻草秸秆产生的纤维素酶活力单位最大,分别为CMC酶307 U/mL,C1酶841 U/mL、β-葡萄糖苷酶205 U/mL.以不同氮源优化发酵条件时发现,NH4NO3质量浓度为1 g/L时CMC酶活力达到1 652 U/mL,且失重率也到达最大值17.42%;NH4Cl质量浓度为0.5 g/L时,C1酶活力达到1 807 U/mL;尿素（UREA）质量浓度为2.0 g/L时,β-葡萄糖苷酶活力为2 033 U/mL,这表明氮源对曲霉sp.HX-1纤维素酶系的影响很大.最后在NH4NO3质量浓度为1.0 g/L的条件下,将120 g稻草秸秆发酵6 d,从发酵液中提取得到8.851 7 g混合纤维素酶的干品.此实验为以后探讨碳源或者其他因素的影响提供方法借鉴,也可以为获得纤维素酶混合酶干品的获得提供参考方法.     

一株产木聚糖酶菌固体发酵条件的优化

采用单因素试验设计对黑曲霉发酵产木聚糖酶的条件进行了研究,并探讨了黑曲霉发酵的产酶模式.以麸皮和玉米芯质量比7:3混合后作为碳源,含0.15%的硫酸铵为无机氮源,物料与水分的比为1:1.5,培养温度28～30℃,培养基起始pH值为4.8,接种量为4%(107个/mL),外加吐温-20±0.05%,发酵时间为72h,用10倍培养基的自来水,40℃摇床浸提1h,木聚糖酶活可达650.45U,为木聚糖酶固体发酵的工业化生产和应用提供参考.     

一株高温蛋白酶高产菌株产酶条件的优化

对一株高温蛋白酶高产菌株枯草芽孢杆菌BY25的发酵培养基组成与产酶条件进行了优化。正交试验结果显示培养基中各因子对产酶影响从高到低为:豆饼粉、葡萄糖、硫酸镁、麸皮、磷酸氢二钠、氯化钙。在此基础上进行培养基组成优化,将豆饼粉、麸皮混合氮源改为以豆饼粉为单一氮源进行蛋白酶发酵。单因素试验发现,在单一氮源培养条件下,培养基中各因子对产酶影响从高到低依次为:豆饼粉、葡萄糖、氯化钙、磷酸氢二钠。除微量氯化钙外,金属盐,尤其是金属硫酸盐的添加对产酶有显著抑制作用。此外,培养初始pH和培养时间对产酶有显著影响,接种量也有一定影响。通过绘制120 h产酶曲线发现,BY25产酶曲线为双峰,产酶曲线顶峰出现在发酵后72 h,优化后BY25发酵培养基各组分添加量为豆饼粉60 g/L、葡萄糖60 g/L、氯化钙 0.5 g/L、磷酸氢二钠 4 g/L,接种量为4.5%～5%,初始培养pH为8.0。优化产酶培养基和产酶条件后,发酵液酶活力可达到101.1 μmol/(min·mL)。     

纤维素酶产生菌发酵条件研究

本试验以具有纤维素酶活力的黑曲霉诱变菌株为材料,研究了碳源、氮源、碳氮比、培养基起始pH值、接种量及发酵时间对该菌株产植酸酶活力的影响。结果表明,该菌株最适产酶pH为6.0;最佳接种量为10%（v/v）;最适碳源和氮源分别为麸皮和黄豆粉,且它们的最优比例为5∶1,最适发酵时间为60h。在最优的发酵条件下,筛选菌株产纤维素酶活可达168U/g。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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