竹节状CNTs/CdS核壳纳米线的制备与形态特征

以竹节状碳纳米管(CNTs)为模板,采用常温化学还原路线制备了CNTs/CdS核壳纳米线,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了产物的微观形貌,用X射线衍射(XRD)技术分析了产物的物相,证实所得产物由CNTs与六方格子的CdS纳米晶体构成,具有核壳纳米线结构.研究发现CNTs竹节状的形态特点影响了得到的核壳结构的纳米线的微观形貌.在反应物浓度较低时,CdS晶体不像在侧壁平直的CNTs表面生长那样均匀包覆在CNTs表面,而是呈现根瘤状形貌;当反应物浓度升高时,CdS晶体均匀包覆在CNTs表面.当把还原反应时间缩短(如15m in),观察到CNTs环绕在CdS纳米晶体表面的新形态,推测这与CNTs的竹节状特殊形态有关.这些结果对于阐明CNTs/化合物半导体复合材料的形态结构控制原理和开发新材料具有重要参考价值.     

碲化铅纳米晶体的溶剂热制备及其光学性能

采用溶剂热反应方法合成了碲化铅(PbTe)纳米晶体。对PbTe纳米晶体进行了结构、组成表征,考察了反应温度对形貌的影响。并通过光学性能的测试,分析了PbTe纳米晶体的表面缺陷状态。分析结果表明:160℃反应得到的产物为化学整比的PbTe单晶,属面心立方结构,形貌为20 nm的方块颗粒,具有高的纯度和良好的结晶性能。PbTe纳米晶体在400~580 nm有强的紫外-可见吸收谱带,在825 nm左右有强的光致发光峰,证实合成的PbTe纳米晶体具有较少的表面缺陷。     

石墨烯辅助水热法合成ErF_3微纳米晶

采用石墨烯辅助合成,在T=180℃、t=24 h、p H=6条件下通过水热法合成了Er F3纳米晶。通过改变反应时间,实现了对产物形貌的控制合成。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对样品的晶体结构和形貌进行表征并提出了晶体的形成机理。结果表明反应时间对产物形貌的影响较大,当反应体系为12 h、p H=6、T=180℃时,产物形貌为球状;当反应时间为24 h,产物形貌为规则均匀的长方体;当反应时间为36 h时,晶体的均一性最好,此时产物Er F3晶体长度约为2.4的μm棒状产物;当反应时间为48 h时,产物形貌是哑铃状。     

六方相NaEuF4纳米纺锤体和纳米棒的水热控制合成

通过一种简单的水热方法,在较低的温度下合成了六方相NaEuF4纳米纺锤体和纳米棒.通过对F-/Eu3+摩尔比、母体溶液pH值和反应时间的控制,实现了对产物形貌的控制合成.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨电子显微镜(HRTEM)等对样品的形貌和晶体结构进行表征.结果显示,反应条件对其形貌和尺寸的影响很大,添加的螯合剂EDTA对产物形貌和纯度至关重要.用稳态荧光光谱仪分析其光学性能,在室温下观察到了橙色和红色发光.     

枝状Ag/Au双金属纳米材料的合成及表征

利用Au离子与树枝状纳米Ag的置换反应,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂,制备了树枝状Ag/Au双金属纳米材料.利用扫描电子显微镜、能量散射X-射线光谱、紫外可见光光谱仪对样品的形貌、成分进行了表征分析,研究了反应温度对产物的影响.结果表明,当反应温度为180℃,反应时间为30min时,可以得到形貌保持较好的纳米枝状结构.产物的UV-Vis光谱中只观察到一个位于单金属Ag和Au之间的吸收峰,表明形成了Au/Ag合金纳米结构.随着温度升高,置换速度加快,有利于Au的生成.     

纳米二氧化锰的合成研究

以高锰酸钾(KMnO4)、硫酸锰(MnSO4·H2O)和乙酸乙酯为反应起始原料,采用不同反应条件制备出了纳米二氧化锰.文章主要探讨了反应物料比、反应时间、反应温度等对产物形貌的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和XRD对二氧化锰进行了形貌和结构分析.电化学性能研究表明,在-0.2 V~0.4 V的电位范围内,MnO2表现出典型的赝电容特性.     

水热法合成磷酸银及其表征

以硝酸银和十二水磷酸钠为原料,150℃水热条件下反应24 h制备出了多面体Ag3PO4。对产物的结构进行了X-射线粉末衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),荧光(FL)光谱表征,分析了在水热条件下AgNO3浓度﹑反应时间、反应温度和溶液的pH对产物形貌的影响。X-射线粉末衍射分析表明得到的产物为纯净的立方相Ag3PO4,通过扫描电镜观察到产物形貌主要为多面体结构。     

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵／甘氨酸二元体系制备碳酸钙晶体

研究用仿生合成方法,利用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/甘氨酸二元体系合成六方形碳酸钙晶体,并对反应时间、二元体系的浓度比等反应条件对产物形貌和晶型的影响进行探讨,利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等检测手段对所得的碳酸钙晶体进行了形貌与结构表征。通过XRD和SEM发现,在不同浓度比的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/甘氨酸二元体系和反应时间生成的碳酸钙具有不同的晶体结构和形貌,分析了其可能的成因。     

一步法合成高产率枝状金纳米粒子

以三聚氰胺为包覆剂,抗坏血酸为还原剂还原氯金酸水溶液,得到高产率的枝状金纳米粒子,产物形貌均一.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析发现,三聚氰胺用量的增加导致产物倾向于生成球形粒子.紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-VIS)分析发现,枝状金纳米粒子在500~850nm之间有着很宽的吸收峰带,原因可能是所得的金纳米粒子的形貌不是完全...     

类八面体BaMoO4微晶的熔盐法合成

通过熔盐法,以NaNO3为熔盐介质制备纯相BaMoO4微晶.考察合成温度、反应时间及熔盐含量对产物结晶度、粒径及形貌的影响.采用X线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微晶进行表征.结果表明:在各种反应条件下都能得到纯的四方相白钨矿结构BaMoO4微晶,且结晶性良好.合成温度及反应时间对产物的形貌有明显影响,随着合成温度的升高和反应时间的延长,晶粒尺寸分布缩小,形貌规整且呈类八面体.熔盐含量对BaMoO4微晶尺寸影响显著,随着熔盐含量增多,晶粒的平均尺寸缩小.制备形貌规整且尺寸较小的BaMoO4微晶适宜条件为NaNO3与Na2 MoO4的摩尔比=10∶1时在500℃下保温4h.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with