Influence of nutritional factors on chick epidermal differentiation

Riassunto E'stata esaminata l'azione di estratti embrionali di 6 e 12 giorni e del siero di pollo sul differenziamento in vitro di epidermide di 6 giorni di incubazione. I risultati ottenuti hanno permesso di precisare alcuni aspetti del rapporto epitelio-mesenchima nel corso del differenziamento della cute.     

Effects of atmospheric pollution on human health

Most air pollutants do not lead to specific diseases. Depending on the pollutant, the concentration and the duration of exposure, some organs are more affected than others. The most frequent disorders are those caused by irritant gases and particulates on the mucous membranes and respiratory organs. The consequences are eye, nose and throat inflammations, diminished lung function, increased susceptability to respiratory infection and a higher incidence of chronic bronchitis. These disorders and diseases are, of course, influenced by other factors as well, such as immune deficiency, allergies, occupational exposure to pollutants, and particularly smoking. The effects of air pollutants are, therefore, multifactorially conditioned and nonspecific disorders are placed in the foreground. Evidence for an association of air pollution with adverse effects on human health is drawn from three sources: animal experiments, experimental human exposures, and epidemiologic studies of exposed human populations. The burden of atmospheric pollution must be reduced to protect human health by an adequate safety margin. In particular, the increased sensitivity of sick and aged people as well as children should be taken into account. In defining the maximum emmission levels, preventive aspects should have priority so as to keep the risk of damage to health and the harmful influences on the environment to a minimum.This article Effects of atmospheric pollution on human health by H. U. Wanner is a revised version of the same article that was first published in the Proceedings of the 1990 European Aerosol Conference; special issue of the J. Aerosol Sci., Vol. 21, Suppl. 1 (1990) 389–396.Reprinted with kind permission from Pergamon Press Ltd, Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, Great Britain.     

Effects of some tropical diseases on the urea index

Résumé Chez les sujets atteints de bilharziose urinaire, le rapport urée/créatinine était considérablement moindre que chez les témoins. Par contre ni le palludisme ni l'ankylostomiase n'ont produit un tel effet.     

The impact of different energy options on atmospheric CO2 levels

Conclusions It is found that large differences in future atmospheric CO₂ concentration may be estimated due to different energy supply strategies. At present there seems to be no immediate need to reduce fossil fuel consumption. However, considering the magnitude of possible effects, efforts should be made to keep the increase of fossil fuel consumption as low as possible. Especially with regard to the CO₂ strategy given in figure 6 it should be borne in mind that fossil fuel plants which are planned today are expected to operate beyond the 1st decade of the next century