基于InSAR的DEM获取数据处理流程及方法

合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术（InSAR）是以复数据提取的相位信息为源获取地表三维信息,与传统的获取数字高程模型的方法相比,InSAR技术在获取DEM方面具有全天候、大范围、高精度等优势。详细介绍了基于InSAR的DEM获取数据处理流程及方法。     

InSAR技术在西藏玛尼强震区的应用

为测量 1997年 11月 9日西藏玛尼里氏 7.4级地震震前一年的地壳形变和震时同震形变 ,以地震震中为图像中心的 5 0 km× 5 0 km范围内 ,选择了 5景 ERS- 1/ 2数据组成5个像对 ,并在此基础上组成 2个差分像对 ,以分别表示地震前一年形变和同震形变 ,再应用合成孔径雷达干涉测量(In SAR)技术进行处理。在同震形变差分图上 ,地震断层作用清晰可辨 ,在卫星斜距方向上可测量出近 0 .5 m的形变。结果表明 :In SAR技术对于定量研究同震形变和地震断层具有特别的优势和广阔的应用前景     

利用InSAR生成DEM技术现状及发展趋势

介绍了InSAR生成DEM的基本原理以及数据处理流程,概述了利用InSAR生成DEM技术研究现状,并对今后的发展趋势进行了分析。     

InSAR技术提取矿区DEM方法研究及应用

重点研究了应用InSAR提取矿区DEM的技术方法,探讨了数据选取和实际数据处理时针时矿区特点应注意的问题,时进一步提高DEM精度提出了建议.     

Active deformation of Chinese Mainland from GPS measurement and numerical simulation

Using discontinue deformation analysis(DDA) method we analyzed the characters of the crustal deformation of Chinese mainland in this study form the velocity field revealed by 308 GPS stations. The result shows that the current N-S compression rate and W-E extension rate of the south Tibetan plateau are 1.40 × 10-8/a and 1.81 × 10-8/a, and that of Tiansan block are 2.59× 10-8/a and 0.62× 10-8/a. The Altyn Tagh is a left-lateral strike slip fault with a current slip rate of 8-12 mm/a, and the clockwise rotating rate of Tarim and Gansun-Qinghai block are -8.7 and -8.1 nrad/a, respectively, with respect to the Eurasia plate. According to the boundary condition of Chinese mainland respect to the Eurasia obtained from the DDA model, a two-dimension discontinuous finite element method(DFEM) model was built. Using this model, we evaluated the relationships between the slipping of Altyn Tagh and the crustal deformation and dynamics of Chinese mainland, and found that the slip of Altyn Tagh has influence on compression of Tibetan plateau, rotating of Tarim basin and Gansun-Qinghai block, the region absorbing the energy generated by the collision of Indio Plate and Eurasia plate, the ability and method of energy transferring toward east and the deformation of both Ordos block and North-China block. Further more, the slip of Altyn-Qiliansan Tagh strongly effects the stress field in most part of north-south seismic belt. The crustal deformation and tectonic activities of Chinese mainland west is mainly caused by the block boundary stress generated by the movement of India Plate, and it also influences some area of the east mainland through slipping along Altyn-Qiliansan Tagh. In some Part of east China and south east of China, the small-scale mantle convection and the effect of denudating can not be ignored.     

GPS与InSAR数据融合的研究现状与展望

GPS与InSAR数据融合研究是一个极具潜力的研究方向。本文在详细论述其研究现状的基础上,探讨了它的研究特点、应用优势。针对其研究现状,讨论了其在基本概念、相位解缠算法、水汽模型和大气层延迟改正模型、时间域与空间域的融合模型和算法、精度评定和质量控制等研究方面的问题．为GPS与InSAR数据融合提出了基本的研究框架。     

Present-Day crustal deformation field in China continent inverted from GPS observations, earthquake moment tensor and quaternary fault slip rates

Based on the bi-cubic Bessel spline function method, we have inverted the present-day crustal horizontal velocity field and deformation field in China continent by combining with 410 GPS observations, 327 seismic moment tensors of earthquakes and fault slip rates in China and its neighboring areas, and considered the geological and geophysical parameters at the same time. The results reveal that the crustal movement mostly takes on compression in SN-NE direction and extension in EW-NW direction in China continent. The continent is rotating southeast and takes on a clockwise rotation image from the west to the east, particularly in the southeast of Tibet and Chuan-dian area. Different blocks have different deformation in China continent. The south China, Ordos and Northeast block have good integrity.The deformation in the western part of China is obviously stronger than that in the eastern part. The strong strains are focused on the Himalaya, east Tibet,west Tian Shan and Chuandian block etc. The deformation at the joint of blocks is stronger than that within the blocks. The China continent deformation not only has the strike-slip faulting and extrusion feature but also has the crustal shortening and thickening feature.     

PSInSAR公共主图像优化选取方法研究

在综合考虑空间垂直基线、时间基线和多普勒质心频率基线对干涉图去相关影响的基础上,分析和研究了时序SAR图像中优化选取一幅或多幅公共主图像的两种实用模型;结合具体的ERS-1／2SLCSAR图像,开展了PS InSAR公共主图像的优化选取试验,提出了利用基于DESCW和综合相关系数γ^m的公共主图像优化选取方法在一系列时序SAR图像中优化选取一幅或多幅公共主图像的实甩化数据处理流程。理论分析和计算数据充分表明,该数据处理流程是可行的。     

GPS在变形监测中的应用

综述了GPS技术在变形监测中应用的现状、特点和作业方式,介绍了GPS变形监测的自动化系统以及一机多天线监测系统,对GPS在变形监测中的广泛应用具有重要意义。     

形变监测网的基准设计

在回顾监测网己有各种基准设计方法的基础上，指出并分析了上述方法的缺陷性，同时针对监测网的特点，分别对监测网的空域基准设计及时域基准设计进行了新的探讨，得出了一些有益的结论。     

InSAR技术的理论与应用研究现状及其展望

介绍了合成孔径雷达的发展历史．概述了合成孔径雷达干涉测量和差分合成孔径雷达干涉测量的理论和应用研究现状,对今后的研究焦点进行了展望和分析。     

深基坑开挖变形及被动区土体应力分析

以基坑插入比和宽高比作为主要影响因素,采用有限元法对基坑开挖全过程数值模拟,分析基坑开挖应力应变变化规律.结果表明基坑宽高比对水平应力变化比较敏感,插入比对基坑变形比较敏感.最后对基坑侧压力系数进行了理论推导,验证了数值模拟结果并指出了理论公式的局限性.     

变形区理论在锻造生产中的应用

本文通过对冲压成型分区理论列举典型实例进行分析 ,研究冲压变形的趋向性规律。并由此开启思路 ,将冲压成型的分区变形理论应用于锻造生产中 ,严格区分变形区和不变形区 ,采用相应的工艺措施 ,可以加工特殊的工件。最后通过生产中的实际应用 ,证明了此种分析方法是正确可行的。     

深凹露天矿GPS边坡变形监测

结合水厂铁矿边坡变形GPS监测,围绕监测点的确定及监测网的优化设计进行了论述.并以6个监测点的9次变形监测数据为依据,结合现场情况及监测经验,创建水平位移趋势玫瑰花图,对监测结果进行简要分析.监测结果与现场状况相吻合,说明GPS完全能达到矿山变形监测的精度和要求.     

Kalman滤波在矿区GPS变形监测数据处理中的应用

论述了Kalman滤波在GPS变形监测数据处理中的应用,利用Microsoft Visual Basic6.0结合MatrixVB,通过一个算例模拟了Kalman滤波的过程。     

Development and field testing of a multi-antenna GPS system for deformation monitoring

GPS has become an important technology for monitoring deformations of structures and the crust of the Earth. A limiting factor for large-scale use of GPS in such applications is however its high hardware cost. For automatic monitoring of deformations, each point to be monitored needs equipped with a set of GPS instruments. This makes many applications such as routine monitoring of landslides too expensive in most cases. A multi-antenna GPS system has been developed and tested aiming at significantly reducing the cost of GPS when used for monitoring deformations of objects such as slopes. The system uses special hardware and software to allow one GPS receiver to be used with a number of GPS antennas. One set of such equipment can therefore be used to monitor a number of points. The system normally reduces the cost of GPS hardware by a number of folds. Besides, such a system design also eases the tasks of data communication, management and system control. This paper describes the design and system configurations of the multi-antenna GPS system that has been developed by the research team. The system consists of integrated hardware and software components for data acquisition, transmission, processing, analysis and visualization. Integration of the GPS system with conventional slope monitoring systems will also be discussed in brief.     

城市GPS三维形变监测网的建立和数据处理

近几年来,对建立城市GPS三维形变监测网的有关问题进行了较系统深入的探讨,对GPS监测网的基准和系统性偏差等问题作过论述,在此基础上对有关问题作进一步讨论。研究表明,在GPS的观测和数据处理中采取一些有效措施后,其监测精度可以达到毫米级．因此,建立兼有监测三维形变功能的城市GPS控制网是值得推广的,它对于城市防灾减灾县有重要意义．     

Evaluation of crustal stability in the lower Yellow River region

The evaluation of crustal stability in the lower Yellow River region （LYR） is vital to the engineering project of the Yellow River embankment and construction of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain. From three aspects of tectonic stability, surface stability and medium stability, this paper analyzes in detail the factors such as tectonic activity, tectonic stress, exogenic geologic disasters and ground material composition which affect crustal stability in the study area and the spatial distributions of subordinate degree of the evaluation factors. It then constructs the crustal stability evaluation model of fuzzy mathematics based on GIS by using AHP to among the various factors find out the interrelations comprehensive evaluation of fuzzy mathematics and the functions of spatial overlay and spatial database of ArcGIS. Based upon this the crustal stability evaluation is carried out, the results show that the areas of stable and instable regions are basically the same, being 48.72% and 51.28% respectively. The area of moderate stable region takes a dominant position, being about 70.58%. The crust instable region presents zonal distribution and under the control of tectonic faulted belt. But the region where the LYR runs across is mostly instable with a total length of the river being 568.345 km, or 78.93% of all. The river reach where the crustal stability is relatively poor along the LYR is concentrated in the Lankao-Dongping section.     

GPS变形监测信息高精度快速解算方法研究

根据高精度GPS变形监测的特点,以监测网的首期观测成果为基础,利用监测时段的载波相位为基本观测量,建立了单历元解算监测点变形信息的似单差模型。该模型避免了周跳的探测与修复,可适用于动态和静态2种监测模式,并可适用于同步观测卫星较少(如2颗)的情况．最后利用试验数据对该模型的正确性进行了检验。