热弹性马氏体相变中的低温内耗峰

采用不完全相变内耗测量法,在Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti合金马氏体相变中获得双内耗峰,即低温内耗峰和高温内耗峰.低温内耗峰位置对应于相对动力学模量的最小值,因此可以认为这个峰起因于模量软化效应;低温内耗峰的最大值与变温速率间呈现出很强的非线性关系,并随着变温速率增大逐渐趋于稳定,说明它的形成与时间有关.     

热弹性马氏体相变内耗峰的研究

采用不完全相变内耗测量法,研究了CuAlNiMnTi多晶合金在热弹性马氏体相变时内耗峰与外界变量的依赖关系;实验结果发现,测量频率较低时,内耗峰分解成双峰,随不完全相变温度ts的降低,双峰逐渐合并;高温内耗峰呈现出明显的反常振幅效应。     

Ce—TZP陶瓷材料马氏体相变内耗的研究

本文观察了Ce—TZP陶瓷材料马氏体相变内耗的现象,发现加入13mol％的CeO_2能使ZrO_2的正逆马氏体相变点分别降至203k和243k,而且使ZrO_2马氏体相变的滞后现象减小。观察到在对应的内耗峰附近有软模现象发生,从而推断Ce—TZP相变增韧陶瓷材料的马氏体相变可能是外力感生界面上位错的运动而引起的。     

Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti合金在不完全相变过程中的内耗行为研究

文章采用不完全相变内耗(IF)测量法研究了Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti多晶形状记忆合金在热弹性马氏体相变时内耗峰与外界变量(频率、升温速率及不完全相变开始测量温度Ts)的依赖关系。实验结果表明,测量频率小于0.045Hz时,内耗峰分解成双峰(低温PL峰和高温PH峰),随Ts的降低,双峰逐渐合并;PL峰值与频率对数呈现峰形函数关系,随升温速率的增加,PL峰向高频方向移动,相变弛豫时间减小;PH峰值与频率倒数成线性关系,随升温速率的增加,线性斜率变大。     

3J_(33)弹性合金杨氏模量和内耗的研究

用声频共振棒法测试了3J_33弹性合金固溶态和时效态在0—800℃的杨氏模量和内耗。正规时效处理后的内耗约为0.25 X10~(-4),在400℃以下内耗几乎不随温度变化。杨氏模量温度系数约为—301 X10~(-6)/℃。固溶态和时效态在升温中于600℃附近出现一个内耗峰。固溶态降温中于100℃附近出现一个内耗峰。初步判明100℃附近的峰为正马氏体相变内耗峰,600℃附近的峰为反马氏体相变内耗峰。讨论了内耗低和稳定的原因。     

相变及相关过程的内耗

内耗测量能显示Cu-Zn-A1中热弹性马氏体相变B29R和DO318R共存、以及单一1DO3←→18R或B2←→9R.Fe-Ni-Mn中等温马氏体相变在孕育期内出现相变内耗峰.因模量改变的特征不同,可将马氏体形核机制区分为与软模或局域软模有关和无关两种类型.Fe-Ni-C中珠光体相变和贝氏体相变都呈低频内耗,两者的特性相近.18Cr2Ni4WA钢及其脱碳合金、Cu-Zn-Al和Ag-Cd合金(包括上述Fe-Ni-C)在贝氏体相变孕育期内就出现相变内耗峰,论证此时发生贝氏体的形核过程.从相变时模量变化的实验,认为不同相变产生不同的相界面效应,使呈现不同的模量变化.只在(Ms-Tn)较大(如90K)的材料中,才在冷却过程的TN温度时,出现与反铁磁相变相关的磁畴界运动引起的内耗峰.材料的形状记忆效应可由马氏体逆相变的瞬间内耗峰面积     

CoMn合金中的马氏体相奕和形状记忆效应

研究了CoMn合金中的γγ(fcc)-ε(hcp)马氏体相关,并测量了合金的形状记忆效应（SME）,结果表明,该合金的马氏体相变具有典型的γ→ε马氏体相变体相变特征,它在发生马氏体相变时,内耗峰并不对应于母相模量的下降,其形核无需籍软模或区域软模,通过训练可以改善CoMn合金的SME,对改善的原因进行了初步的探讨。     

18Ni马氏体时效钢内耗的研究

用倒扭摆法测试了18 Ni马氏体时效钢的低频内耗.发现在降温中于165℃附近出现正马氏体相变内耗峯.在升温中于700℃附近出现反马氏体相变内耗峯.内耗峯的高度与T/f(T—温度变化速率,f—振动频率)成线性关系,恒温测量时,相变内耗降为背景值.还观察到相变过程中,切变模量发生软化.我们认为这个内耗是由外加切应力促进或加速接近临界的马氏体胚芽的界面位错滑移所引起.     

冷变形及退火对Ti_(50)Ni_(45)Cu_5合金组织性能的影响

研究冷变形与退火对Ti50Ni45Cu5(原子数分数,%)合金组织及性能的影响。研究结果表明:冷变形使片状马氏体变细,合金强度增加,使合金的马氏体相变温度和逆马氏体相变温度降低,且冷变形越大,相变温度降低越多;马氏体转变开始温度Ms随着母相B2晶粒尺寸减小而降低,利用热力学推导得出了Ms与母相B2晶粒尺寸关系式。经35%冷变形400℃退火1 h后,合金具有优良的综合性能,其马氏体转变开始温度Ms为45.2℃,马氏体转变终了温度Mf为10.3℃,逆转变开始温度As为49.0℃,逆转变终了温度Af为80.0℃,抗拉强度为1 198.29MPa,伸长率为7.9%。冷变形+400℃/1 h退火Ti50Ni45Cu5合金的马氏体片细小,马氏体孪晶亚结构增多,内耗峰增高。合金在变温过程中发生B2-B19′相变,在应变振幅为2×10-5,振动频率为0.5~4.0 Hz,变温速率为2 K/min时产生内耗峰,内耗峰位置与振动频率无关,峰高随着测量频率的增加而降低,为热诱导相变内耗机制。相变温度降低,内耗峰位降低。     

热弹性马氏体相变弛豫特性的研究

文章研究了Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti合金热弹性马氏体相变的弛豫特性.实验结果表明,母相的本征内耗随振动频率的降低而衰减,在某一临界频率下出现内耗峰.随着等温测量温度的降低,内耗峰的峰高增加,峰位降低,这说明马氏体相变前母相内部已经发生了预相变,该弛豫应归结为滞弹性弛豫.当升温速率为0.25～3.80℃/min时,滞弹...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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