西替利嗪的安全性指标测定

目的 :分析评价西替利嗪用药的安全性。方法 :按Bliss法测定西替利嗪对组胺致豚鼠休克的ED50 、ED95、ED99和对小鼠的LD50 、LD5、LD1,并计算该药的治疗指数、安全系数、可靠安全系数和安全范围。结果 :西替利嗪口服给药可显著减轻豚鼠静脉注射组胺所致休克反应的严重程度 ,降低休克发生率和死亡率 ,其ED50 、ED95和ED99分别为 0 0 98、0 313和 0 5 0 6mg·kg- 1。小鼠口服给药西替利嗪的LD50 、LD5和LD1分别为 813、386和 2 84mg·kg- 1,而静脉注射西替利嗪的LD50 、LD5和LD1分别为 16 3、12 8和 116mg·kg- 1。经折算成豚鼠的等效剂量后 ,西替利嗪口服给药抗组胺性休克的治疗指数为 5 0 81,安全系数为 75 4 ,可靠安全系数为 344,安全范围为 3430 0 %。结论 :西替利嗪为一种安全有效的抗组胺药。     

双银咳喘宁颗粒药效学研究

目的从止咳、平喘、祛痰、抗炎等方面评价双银咳喘宁颗粒的主要药效作用。方法从氨水致小鼠咳嗽、磷酸组胺引发豚鼠哮喘潜伏期、小鼠气管酚红排出量和乙酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加等实验,研究双银咳喘宁颗粒的止咳、平喘、祛痰、抗炎等药效学作用。结果双银咳喘宁颗粒能显著减少浓氨水引发的小鼠咳嗽次数,提示有一定的镇咳作用;能显著延长喷雾磷酸组胺后豚鼠出现哮喘反应的潜伏期,提示有一定的平喘作用;能显著增加小鼠气管内酚红排出量,提示有一定的祛痰作用;能显著抑制乙酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增加的作用,提示有一定的抗炎作用。结论双银咳喘宁颗粒具有止咳、平喘、祛痰和抗炎的药效学作用。     

白芷香豆素的抗炎作用研究

目的 观察白芷的有效成分白芷香豆素(Coumarin of Angelicae dahuricae,CAD)的抗炎作用.方法 采用小鼠巴豆油耳肿胀实验、冰醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高实验及小鼠角叉菜胶足肿胀实验观察CAD的抗炎作用.结果 CAD(60,120 mg·kg-1)ig能显著抑制巴豆油所致的小鼠耳肿胀、冰醋酸引起的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增强和角文莱胶所致的小鼠足肿胀.结论 CAD具有明显的抗炎作用,与对照组比较差异非常显著.     

藏药翁布挥发油抗炎镇痛实验研究

目的：探讨藏药翁布挥发油的抗炎和镇痛作用.方法：应用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性及小鼠肉芽组织增生法进行抗炎药效学实验;通过醋酸扭体法,小鼠热板法观察其镇痛效果.结果：翁布挥发油高、中、低剂量均能抑制二甲苯引起的小鼠耳廓炎症,醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性亢进及棉球诱发小鼠肉芽增生;同时能明显减少醋酸致小鼠扭体反应次数;小鼠热板反应痛阈值延长.结论：翁布挥发油具有明显的抗炎和镇痛作用.     

千里光石油醚提取物舒张气道平滑肌的作用机制研究

目的:为研究千里光石油醚提取物(PEESS)对小鼠气管平滑肌(ASM)的舒张作用及机理.方法:使用80 mmol·L-1 KCl或100μmol·L-1 Ach刺激小鼠离体气管环、小鼠气管平滑肌细胞(ASMCs)、肺部支气管以及在体小鼠气管,进行了气管环张力、细胞内Ca2+浓度、气管环面积及小鼠呼吸系统阻力检测.结果:...     

双氯芬酸钾乳胶剂的抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的考查自制的双氯芬酸钾乳胶剂的抗炎镇痛作用及有效性.方法采用小鼠二甲苯致耳肿胀实验、皮肤毛细血管通透性实验及小鼠扭体反应实验3种模型比较自制的双氯芬酸钾乳胶剂和市售扶他林乳胶的抗炎作用和镇痛作用的区别.结果与空白组比较,双氯芬酸钾乳胶剂与扶他林均具有显著的抗炎镇痛作用.自制的双氯芬酸钾乳胶剂的耳肿胀抑制率和疼痛抑制率高于阳性药扶他林,但双氯芬酸钾乳胶剂的小鼠腹部皮肤毛细血管通透性抑制率低于阳性药扶他林.结论自制双氯芬酸钾乳胶剂与扶他林比较具有较强的全身抗炎镇痛作用.     

念慈庵川贝枇杷膏止咳化痰平喘药效学的研究

研究念慈庵川贝枇杷膏的止咳、化痰和平喘药效作用。方法:采用小鼠氨水引咳法观察止咳作用;用小鼠酚红排泌法观察化痰作用;用喷雾致喘法观察平喘作用。结果:念慈庵川贝枇杷膏能明显延长引起半数小鼠咳嗽的氨水喷雾时间(EDT50),能促进小鼠气管酚红的排泌,对组胺和氯化乙酰胆碱混合液引起的豚鼠哮喘具有抑制作用。结论:念慈庵川贝枇杷膏具有明显止咳、化痰和平喘作用。     

酢浆草对小鼠急性腹膜炎的抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的:研究酢浆草对醋酸所致急性腹膜炎小鼠的抗炎镇痛作用。方法:腹腔注射醋酸制备小鼠急性腹膜炎模型,观察酢浆草乙醇提取物对醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应的影响;观察酢浆草乙醇提取物对醋酸所致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响。结果:酢浆草乙醇提取物能使小鼠扭体反应次数减少;能降低小鼠腹腔毛细血管的通透性。结论:酢浆草对醋酸所致小鼠急性腹膜炎具有一定的抗炎镇痛作用。     

注射用头孢他啶他唑巴坦钠的急性毒性研究

为观察注射用头孢他啶他唑巴坦钠(3∶1和5∶1)对小鼠和大鼠产生的毒性反应,笔者按《新药研究指南(西药)》的毒性试验要求对其进行研究.结果表明:注射用头孢他啶他唑巴坦钠(3∶1和5∶1)急性毒性试验以静脉注射给药的半数致死量(LD50),小鼠分别大于5.45g·kg-1和6.0g·kg-1,大鼠分别大于4.26g·kg-1和3.84g·kg-1,提示注射用头孢他啶他唑巴坦钠临床用药毒性小.     

沉淀法合成纳米CeO2及其性能

以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为铈源,(NH-4)2CO3·H2O为沉淀剂,并加入少量PEG4000作为分散剂,采用液相沉淀法制备前驱体Ce2(CO3)3·H2O,前驱体经热处理合成了纳米CeO2.通过XRD,DTA/TG,TEM,BET及杂质含量分析,并根据XRD线宽法,按Scherrer公式计算平均晶粒尺寸,结合相对密度的测定研究了在不同热处理温度下纳米CeO2性能的变化.结果表明前驱体经300℃焙烧1 h已完全形成CeO2,属于立方晶系,空间群为Fm3m,原生晶粒粒径为5 nm左右,颗粒粒径为20 nm左右,比表面积达140.61 m2/g,孔径分布为5～15 nm,孔径峰值为9.3 nm,纯度≥99.97%;随焙烧温度提高,将引起CeO2晶粒尺寸和相对密度显著增大,比表面积减少.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with