鳗弧菌质粒编码的铁吸收系统的分子调控

鳗弧菌是鱼类弧菌病的主要病原菌,该菌中质粒编码的铁吸收系统是重要的毒力因子．在铁吸收系统中,铁转运体系以及弧菌素合成基因受到AngR、TAF、Fur、反义RNAs、铁离子以及弧菌素等调控因子的调节,这些调控因子分别在转录或后转录水平参与铁吸收系统的正负调控、     

对虾病原体鳗弧菌抗血清制血及其血清反应

对鳗弧菌抗血清学制备及其血清反应的研究结果表明，应用免疫清射法，先去除鞭毛抗原，可以获得对虾“黄鳃病”鳗弧菌的高效价的抗血清，其血清效价可达到５１２０，这为对虾病原菌制备抗血清，提供了一个很好的技术和方法。     

肺炎克雷伯菌铁载体对喹诺酮类抗生素耐药性的影响

为载体与喹诺酮类抗生素耐药性之间的关系,采用K-B纸片法及微孔稀释法确定细菌对抗生素的药物敏感性,使用CAS琼脂法和紫外可见分光光度法分别对肺炎克雷伯菌铁载体进行定性和定量检测,使用统计学软件SPSS分析细菌铁载体与其耐药性的关系.CAS琼脂法分析表明,临床分离的70株肺炎克雷伯菌均产铁载体（100%）,紫外分光光度法分析表明肺炎克雷伯菌中铁载体产量不同.根据统计学取中位数的方法能够将细菌分为铁载体高产组和低产组两组,喹诺酮类耐药株中铁载体产量高于敏感株（P〈0.01）;铁载体高产组对环丙沙星（CIP）和左氧氟沙星（LEV）的耐药率高于低产组（P〈0.01）;肺炎克雷伯菌铁载体与细菌对喹诺酮类抗生素的耐药性呈正相关性（P〈0.01）.研究表明细菌铁载体参与了细菌耐药,干预了抗生素的杀菌过程.     

鳗弧菌和副溶血弧菌对短蛸感染的病理学研究

为了今后养殖病害的防治,了解病原微生物在养殖过程中对头足类动物产生的影响,选择在海水养殖中发病频率较高的弧菌,包括鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)和副溶血弧菌(Vibrio Parahemolyticus),研究它们对短蛸的毒力水平。通过将稀释菌液直接注射短蛸腕部的方式,观察感染后短蛸的致死率、半致死时间,以及各菌对短蛸肝脏、鳃、鳃心、白体等器官结构的影响。结果显示:鳗弧菌和副溶血弧菌均对短蛸有较强的致病性,分别在60、48 h时达到半致死,且发病的短蛸活性减退,虚弱无力,腹部肿大,解剖可见部分内脏肿胀明显,如肝脏;通过对病变组织和健康组织的石蜡切片和HE染色,以及超显微结构的观察,发现患病短蛸的肝脏、鳃、鳃心和白体均出现不同程度组织、细胞结构上的破坏。以上结果表明这两种弧菌对短蛸均具有明显的致病性,副溶血弧菌更强一些,合适条件下将会成为短蛸规模化养殖的重要威胁之一。     

荧光假单胞菌株SE-6产铁载体的发酵条件

在摇瓶发酵条件下,研究了荧光假单胞菌SE-6在各种培养条件下的铁载体分泌量,确定了适合铁载体分泌的最佳培养条件：起始pH6．5,装瓶量200／500（mL）,接种量2％,最佳培养时间为46h左右,Fe^3＋浓度为0．8mg／L．在此条件下,铁载体在发酵液中含量最高,为大规模的发酵提供了有价值的数据．     

对虾病原体鳗弧菌抗血清制备及其血清反应

对鳗弧菌抗血清学制备及其血清反应的研究结果表明，应用免疫注射法，先去除鞭毛抗原，可以获得对虾“黄鳃病”鳗弧菌的高效价的抗血清，其血清效价可以达到５１２０，这为对虾病原菌制备抗血清，提供了一个很好的技术和方法．     

基于斑马鱼模型的鳗弧菌减毒活疫苗的生物安全性评价

利用疫苗对养殖鱼类进行疾病预防正得到逐步应用,而减毒活疫苗通过浸泡方式也能使鱼体获得较高的免疫保护力。利用模式动物斑马鱼对鳗弧菌减毒活疫苗MVAV6203的生物安全性进行了评价。首先进行了疫苗对斑马鱼毒性实验,每条鱼注射免疫的半致死量为9．26×10^4CFU;其次分析了鳗弧茵在水体中的存活情况,菌体浓度在1．0×10...     

Tn7转座子在大肠杆菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌及鳗弧菌中的应用

Tn7转座子是一种定点插入型转座子,固定地插在细菌的glmS基因下游的attTn7位点,而glmS基因与细胞壁的合成有关,存在于所有的细菌中,所以Tn7转座子可以插入到所有细菌的染色体,因此Tn7转座系统已被开发为细菌基因组改造的重要工具。为了方便对大肠杆菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌和鳗弧菌的改造和研究,探讨应用Tn7转座子对其基因组进行改造的操作步骤,并利用阿拉伯糖启动子pBAD诱导的Flp/FRT系统建立了高效、快捷的抗性消除方法。     

常用抗菌渔药对致病性鳗弧菌作用效果比较

采用二倍稀释法测定7种常用抗菌渔药的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）,以5倍MIC下抑菌圈直径为参数,比较7种常用抗菌渔药单独用药与联合用药对鳗弧菌的抑杀菌效果．甲砜霉素的MIC最小为0．8μg／mL,庆大霉素最大为6．4μg／mL;在5倍MIC下,7种常用抗菌渔药抑菌圈分别为：庆大霉素1．90cm,氟哌酸1．50cm,链霉素1．43cm,土霉素1．43cm,烟酸诺氟沙星1．43cm,氟甲砜霉素1．40cm,甲砜霉素1．33cm．鳗弧菌对庆大霉素和氟哌酸高度敏感;对链霉素、土霉素、烟酸诺氟沙星、氟甲砜霉素和甲砜霉素中度敏感;烟酸诺氟沙星与甲砜霉素的联合效果最好。     

Preparation and Identification of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Vibrio anguillarum

Monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against V. anguillarum strain M3 are prepared, and their isotypes are also characterized. Among them, C1C5 is the only Mab which does not cross-react with other eleven non-V, anguillarum strains. The proteinase K digestion test shows that the epitopes recognized by C1C5, C6C3 and C6C32 Mabs contained protein. The periodate oxidation test showed that the epitopes recognized by Mabs except C1 C5 are glycosylated. In addition, results of additivity test indicate that the epitopes recognized by C6C3 and C6C32 Mabs are similar, and quite different from those recognized by MabC1C5.     

Detection of Vibrio anguillarum and Its Virulent Metalloprotease Using the Method of ELISA

A method detecting pathogenic Vibrio anguillarum and its virulent metalloprotease is reported in this paper. The metalloprotease is isolated from extracellular product (ECP) of V.anguillarum by the cellophane plate technique and purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. Anti-sera are prepared by injecting V.anguillarum cells and metalloprotease into the rabbits. Slide Agglutination Assay is used to detect V.anguillarum in the infection experiment and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is carried out to detect concentration of metalloprotease. The result shows that bacterium strain M3 is able to diffuse into the viscera of infected fish through the blood circulating system 10 hours after intramuscular infection, and ELASA is a sensitive method to detect the metalloprotease with detectable amount of 7.8ng. The aim of this study is to establish a sensitive and specific method to observe the infection of V.anguillarum in the host.     

Overexpression and export of Vibrio anguillarum metalloprotease in Escherichia coil

Vibrio anguillarum metalloprotease, an extracellular zinc metalloprotease involved in the virulence mechanism of Vibrio anguillarum, is synthesized from the empA gene as a 611-residue precursor and naturally secreted via Sec secretion pathway in Vibrio anguillarum. In this study, hetemlogous expression of the empA gene encoding metallopmtease and export of the recombinant metallopmtease in Escherichia coli were examined. The empA gene was subcloned into pBAD24 with arabinose promoter and sequenced. The sequence encoded a polypeptide （611 amino acids） consisting of four domains： a signal peptide, an Nterminal pmpoptide, a mature region and a C-terminal pmpoptide. The empA gene inserted in plasmid pBAD24 was overexpressed in TOP10 strain of E. coli after arabinose induction. The 36kDa polypeptide of the recombinant metallopmtease as the mature pmtease was further confirmed by SDS-PAGE and im- munoblotting. It was found that recombinant metallopmtease with the EmpA activity and antigenicity was exported into the poriplasm of Escherichia coli cells via Sec translocation pathway, whereas it was secreted into extracellular environments in V. anguillarum. The results imply that the expression, export and processing mechanism of the protein in E. coli are similar to those in V. anguillarum.     

Overexpression and export of Vibrio anguillarum metalloprotease in Escherichia coli

Vibrio anguillarum metalloprotease, an extracellular zinc metalloprotease involved in the virulence mechanism of Vibrio anguillarum, is synthesized from the empA gene as a 611-residue precursor and naturally secreted via Sec secretion pathway in Vibrio anguillarum. In this study, heterologous expression of the empA gene encoding metalloprotease and export of the recombinant metalloprotease in Escherichia coli were examined. The empA gene was subcloned into pBAD24 with arabinose promoter and sequenced. The sequence encoded a polypeptide (611 amino acids) consisting of four domains: a signal peptide, an N-terminal propeptide, a mature region and a C-terminal propeptide. The empA gene inserted in plasmid pBAD24 was overexpressed in TOP10 strain of E. coli after arabinose induction. The 36kDa polypeptide of the recombinant metalloprotease as the mature protease was further confirmed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. It was found that recombinant metalloprotease with the EmpA activity and antigenicity was exported into the periplasm of Escherichia coli cells via Sec translocation pathway, whereas it was secreted into extracellular environments in V. anguillarum. The results imply that the expression, export and processing mechanism of the protein in E. coli are similar to those in V. anguillarum.     

仿刺参硫氧还蛋白基因在灿烂弧菌和鳗弧菌刺激下的应激表达特征

分别用灿烂弧菌(Vibrio splendidus)和鳗弧菌(V.anguillarum)对仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)进行注射感染试验,取注射后0、3、6、9、12、24 h的仿刺参体壁、肠道、呼吸树、触手和体腔细胞5种组织或细胞进行了实时荧光定量PCR检测,分析硫氧还蛋白(Thioredoxin,Trx)基因在这5种组织或细胞中的表达特征,探讨了硫氧还蛋白在仿刺参先天免疫中的作用。结果显示,Trx基因在仿刺参体壁、肠道、触手、呼吸树及体腔细胞中均表达;在灿烂弧菌刺激下各组织或细胞中Trx基因变化趋势相似,呈现一种"突增-下降-再突增"的双峰型模式;鳗弧菌刺激下Trx基因表达量变化同样呈现先升高后降低的趋势,但与灿烂弧菌组相比反应时间与上调幅度都不同。总而言之,Trx基因在仿刺参体内有组成型和诱导型两种表达模式,并存在表达的组织特异性和病原特异性;Trx基因参与了仿刺参对病原感染的免疫应答,使机体免受氧化胁迫,在抵御外界病原入侵、维持胞内氧化还原状态方面起到重要作用。     

从海洋环境分离的河弧菌

河弧菌(Vitrio fluviatis)是新定名的一种食物中毒病原菌,作者从海水、海泥、牡蛎和红树林(秋茄)落叶等样品,用通行的分离培养基(TCBS),根据形态特征检出100株可疑菌株,再通过32项基本生化特性的测定,并参照已知菌株进行鉴定,结果分离到3株河弧菌,按该菌定名者lee等人提出的分类标准,将它们归属于河弧菌生约Ⅰ型,本文叙述了分离方法、鉴定依据及结果。     

里氏木霉诱导合成木聚糖酶的调控

提出了两种不同用途的木聚糖酶的诱导合成方法。以里氏木霉为产酶菌,经适当处理后的玉米芯可诱导产生含纤维素酶（３．４ＩＵ／ｍＬ）的高活力木聚糖酶（５４．４ＩＵ／ｍＬ）。以混有少量纤维素的粗木聚糖作碳源,通过分批补料及对培养条件的限制性控制里氏木霉可选择性合成木聚糖酶;选择性合成程度与碳源浓度有关,当碳源浓度为１０ｇ／Ｌ时木聚糖酶和纤维素酶活力分别为３５．５ＩＵ／ｍＬ、０．２Ｕ／ｍＬ,两种酶活的比值达１７７．５。