淀粉—DMDAAC接枝共聚的研究

采用硫酸高铈为引发剂,合成了淀粉接枝DMDAAC(二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵)共聚物。在讨论引发剂浓度、PH值、反应温度对接枝共聚影响的前阶段工作基础上[1],研究淀粉与DMDAAC比、反应物浓度对接枝率和接枝效率的影响,对接枝共聚物进行红外表征,并评价了接枝共聚物的粘土防膨性。     

聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物的合成

丙烯酸乙酯与2-溴丙烯酸乙酯乳液共聚合制备了聚(丙烯酸乙酯-co-2-溴丙烯酸乙酯)无规共聚物，用该共聚物作为原子转移自由基聚合的大分子引发剂，进行了甲基丙烯酸甲酯的接枝聚合，制备了聚丙烯酸乙酯-g-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物。接枝共聚物的分子量随单体转化率的上升而线性增加。     

聚乙烯醇缩丁醛—接枝丙烯酰胺的合成及生物医学性能

聚乙烯醇缩丁醛—接枝—丙烯酰胺共聚物已采用硝酸铈铵/硝酸引发体系于水悬浮液中在30℃合成,接枝长度和每个聚乙烯醇缩丁醛分子上支链的数几分别确定为(?)n3-6×10~4和0.1-0.3。测定了反应时间和铈离子浓度对接枝率,接枝长度和支链数目的影响。亦讨论了其他反应参数的影响,并研究了此聚合物的吸水率,对牛血清白蛋白的粘附及血液相容悱。结果表明此共聚物当接枝率为15—25%而平均接枝链长度((?)n)大于4×10~4其血液相容性良好。     

聚丁二烯-α-甲基苯乙烯阳离子接枝共聚物的表征及其力学性能

用OsO_4对聚丁二烯-α-甲基苯乙烯阳离子接枝共聚物进行氧化断链,剖析了接枝共聚反应体系,并测定其支链和均聚物的分子量。使用透射电镜和示差扫描量热仪对接枝共聚物的微相结构进行了研究。测定了含不同量1,2结构的聚丁二烯接枝共聚物的拉伸力学性能。     

木质素-丙烯腈接枝共聚物及其水解产物吸水性能的研究

本文以硫酸亚铁-过氧化氢-硝酸铈铵体系为引发剂,研究了丙烯腈在木质素上发生的接枝聚合作用,并用红外光谱吸收法测定了接枝共聚物。将此接枝共聚物以热水和二甲基甲酰胺提取,去除均聚物后,于120℃皂化,得到水分散性良好的接枝共聚物。实验表明,接枝共聚物水解时,碱的浓度和体积对产物的吸水率有较大影响,水解产物的吸水率受溶液中无机盐的影响,但比以淀粉为基质的接枝物的吸水性能的影响小。     

LMPE—g—AA在HDPE／MiCa合金中的作用

在氮气气氛下，采用熔融接枝反应，制备了一种低分子量聚乙烯－丙烯酸接枝共聚物，运用小角激光散射技术（ＳＡＬＳ），对高密度聚乙烯／云母／接枝共聚物（ＨＤＰＥ／Ｍｉｃａ／ＬＭＰＥ－ｇ－ＡＡ）三元合金体系的结构参数进行了分析，并从物理力学性能和流支性两方面研究了低分子量聚乙烯－－丙烯酸接枝共聚物对高密度聚乙烯／云母／合金体系的增容作用。     

木质素与异氰酸酯基聚丙烯酸酯的接枝共聚研究

制备木质素的接枝共聚物是利用木质素的有效途径之一。采用大分子接枝反应方式制备了木质素-丙烯酸酯接枝共聚物,研究反应物分子量与接枝反应概率、接枝共聚物的分子结构之间的关系。结果表明:丙烯酸酯共聚物的接枝接近完全;木质素参与反应的概率与分子量有关,高分子量者最高,低分子量者次之,中等分子量者最低;低分子量木质素与聚丙烯酸酯形成以聚丙烯酸酯为主链的悬挂式接枝共聚物,较高分子量木质素则与聚丙烯酸酯形成以木质素为核的包覆式接枝共聚物,两者往往共存于同一接枝分子中;接枝产物中基本不存在交联结构。     

原子转移自由基聚合合成聚（苯乙烯—g—丙烯酸丁酯）

以线型氯甲基化聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ－ＣＨ２Ｃｌ）为大分子引发剂,引发丙烯酸丁酯原子转移自由基聚合,合成了聚苯乙烯－丙烯酸丁酯接枝共聚物［Ｐ（Ｓ－ｇ－ＢＡ）］。ＰＳ－ＣＨＣｌ是由ＰＳ通过氯甲基化反应合成,ＰＳ链上－ＰｈＣＨ２Ｃｌ的分布是统计均匀。建立了该接枝共聚物的纯化方法,纯化后接枝共聚物的接枝效率可达９６．５％。用ＧＰＣ跟了大分子引发剂在本体中的引发和接枝反应过程。研究结果表明,反应速率对单体浓度呈一     

丙烯酰胺在浓硫氰酸钠水溶液中对聚丙烯腈及其共聚物的紫外辐射接枝聚合的研究

本文报告丙烯酰胺在浓硫氰酸钠水溶液中对于丙烯腈均聚物及丙烯腈与α-溴代丙烯腈共聚物上的紫外光辐照接枝聚合,进行了丙烯酰胺单体的浓度,聚合物浓度,共聚物组成及反应时间等对接枝效率影响的研究。当聚合物的浓度在2％以下时,接枝效率随丙烯酰胺浓度及反应时间的增加而增加,当聚合物浓度继续增加到6％时接枝效率反而下降。对于丙烯腈与α-溴代丙烯腈的共聚物,其接枝效率在低溴含量(1—2％)共聚物下较高。     

聚苯乙烯-聚硅氧烷规整接枝共聚物界面形态

为充分发挥有机硅的“有机-无机”双重特性的作用，研究用反应性有机硅改性其它高分子材料，以聚硅氧烷大分子单体制备了聚苯乙烯-聚硅氧烷规整接枝共聚物．采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪表征了接枝共聚物的结构，用接触角测量仪和X-射线光电子能谱研究了共聚物在不同基材上成膜的表面和界面组成及相分离程度．结果表明：接枝共聚物呈现典型的层状相分离结构；PDMS在膜表面实现最大限度地富集，且对不同界面其富集程度不同；接枝共聚物的表面疏水性随着PDMS链长的增加而增加，且当PDMS含量增加时，呈现先增加后保持不变的趋势．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with