电场对Cu-Al合金活度及液态淬火组织的影响

通过对Cu-5Al合金施加直流、交流和脉冲电场，发现Cu液中溶质Al的活度系数随电场强度的增加，其趋势不同程度地减小。为研究溶质Al活度减小的原因，对合金在熔融状态下进行淬火。淬火后的金相组织观察表明，电场作用下溶质在合金溶液中沿某一个方向聚集，这为揭示活度的本质及活度在电场下变化的原因提供了可靠的证据，同时从另一个角度证明了液态金属中存在短程有序。     

Anomalous temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity of molten Sb

Using the d.c. four-probe method, the electrical resistivity of high-purity liquid Sb has been accurately measured as functions of temperature. It is observed that the resistivity of liquid Sb changes abnormally with increasing temperature, which is very different from that of simple liquid metals. Based on the reported structure factor at several temperatures, the results obtained in this work have been discussed and interpreted qualitatively according to Ziman theory. The analysis suggests that the existence of short-range order structure near the melting point can account for the abnormal phenomenon observed in the resistivity of liquid Sb, in which semimetal-metal transaction takes place in the melting process. At the same time, the progress of the structure change of liquid Sb with temperature has also been pointed out     

考虑场板边缘效应的SOI-pLDMOS表面电场模型及器件优化设计

针对带有栅极场板的绝缘体上硅p型横向双扩散场效应晶体管(SOI-p LDMOS),提出了一种新型表面电场解析模型.相比于传统模型,该模型充分考虑了场板边缘效应对电场分布的影响,验证结果显示新模型能更好地符合Medici数值仿真结果.此外,基于所建立的器件表面电场模型,研究了栅极场板长度(包括多晶硅场板和金属场板)及漂移区掺杂浓度对器件表面电场分布和击穿特性的影响,进而对SOI-p LDMOS进行了优化设计.流片测试表明,所建立的新型表面电场解析模型能够很好地指导器件参数设计,实现了器件耐压和导通电阻的最佳折中.     

电容层析成像中场域的一种新剖分方法

电容层析成像传感器的敏感场受多相流介质分布的影响，即软场特性为图像重建带来很大的困难。为了提高重建图像质量，对敏感场分布进行分析是非常必要的。采用有限元法，通过对敏感场域采用两种不同剖分形式的比较，提出了一种新的场域剖分形式，对敏感场分布进行计算机仿真。实验证明有限元模型是正确的，说明利用不等间距的剖分或可以得到较好的仿真结果，具有较高的精度。     

Phase field simulation of monotectic transformation for liquid Ni-Cu-Pb alloys

Based on the subregular solution model, the liquid phase separation of ternary (Ni _x Cu_100−x )₅₀Pb₅₀ monotectic alloys is simulated by the phase field method. It is found that if the surface segregation potential is not incorporated, the dynamic morphologies of alloy melt show a transition from disperse microstructure into bicontinuous microstructure with the increase of fluidity parameter. When the surface segregation potential is coupled, Pb-rich phase migrates preferentially to the surface of the liquid alloy, and the Ni-rich phase depends on the Pb-rich phase to nucleate. With the extension of the phase separation time, the surface layer is formed through coagulation and growth, and its thickness gradually increases. The Ni-rich phase migrates to the central part, and finally a two-layer core-shell microstructure is produced. The concentration in the surface layer fluctuates more conspicuously than that inside the bulk phase, which subsequently transfers from the surface to the interior by a wave. The fluid field near the liquid-liquid interface is strong at the beginning of phase separation, and reduces later on. The surface segregation is essential to the formation of the surface layer, concentration profile variation, fluid field distribution and phase separation morphology. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50121101, 50395105)     

液氮冻结温度场均匀性实验

针对液氮冻结过程中存在温度场分布不均匀的现象,采取在供液铜管上分段打孔及改变打孔方式和位置的方法,设计了四种供液管改进方案,并对这四种方案进行了模拟实验,分别分析其冻结温度场的均匀性和冻土发展速度,同时将改进方案与传统供液方式进行对比.结果表明,改进方案优于传统方案;四种方案中尤以方案三的效果最好,其管壁温度分布最均匀,冻土发展均衡且发展速度较快,液氮消耗量较少.这一研究结果为进一步解决液氮冻结均匀性问题提供了新思路.     

液氮冻结温度场均匀性实验液氮冻结温度场均匀性实验

针对液氮冻结过程中存在温度场分布不均匀的现象,采取在供液铜管上分段打孔及改变打孔方式和位置的方法,设计了四种供液管改进方案,并对这四种方案进行了模拟实验,分别分析其冻结温度场的均匀性和冻土发展速度,同时将改进方案与传统供液方式进行对比。结果表明,改进方案优于传统方案;四种方案中尤以方案三的效果最好,其管壁温度分布最均匀,冻土发展均衡且发展速度较快,液氮消耗量较少。这一研究结果为进一步解决液氮冻结均匀性问题提供了新思路。     

Atomic model of liquid pure Fe

Using a θ-θ X-ray diffractometer, the liquid structure of pure Fe was investigated and the diffraction intensity, structure factor, pair distribution function as well as the coordination number and atomic distance were obtained. The experimental results showed that there was also a pre-peak on the curve of the structure factor of liquid pure Fe. The pre-peak is a mark of medium-range order in melts. According to the characteristics of pre-peak, an atomic model of liquid pure Fe is constructed, namely, the structure of liquid pure Fe is a combination of clusters consisting of bcc cells with shared vertexes and other atoms with random dense atom distribution.     

一种新的滑动剪切技术测量Al-Cu合金的互扩散系数

液态金属扩散系数是液态金属最重要物理参量之一,也是金属材料设计与工业生产应用的必要参数.本文建立了一种新的测量液态金属互扩散系数的技术——滑动剪切技术,该技术避免了传统长管测量技术中升温过程的影响,能够显著地提高测量互扩散系数的精度.利用该技术测量了1023 K时Al70Cu30-Al90Cu10扩散偶的扩散系数,发现扩散系数在所研究的成分范围内呈现出有规律的成分依赖趋势.该结果为理解扩散的微观机制和其结构依赖关系提供了新的证据.     

理想二元混合液的表面张力

理想二元混合液的表面张力卢义刚，仝杰（陕西师范大学应用声学研究所，西安７１Ｑ０６２；第一作者，男，３０岁，讲师）液体的表面张力在一定程度上反映液体分子的结构与状态．许多人对液体表面张力系数的研究曾进行过大量工作，但研究对象大多局限于纯液体．Ｊａｃｏｂ...