基于噪声子空间特性的波束形成器设计

为高效、高性能地合成阵列接收信号, 提出基于噪声子空间特性的波束形成器设计。首先, 利用噪声的宽带分布特性, 对Capon空间谱的噪声区域做粗采样, 由此进行残留噪声补偿, 获得信号协方差矩阵的估计; 其次, 利用噪声子空间与信号子空间的正交性, 通过信号协方差矩阵分解构造出信号正交补投影算子; 最后, 利用噪声子空间与干扰子空间的正交性, 用该投影算子对观测信号进行处理, 获得干扰功率估计, 进而推导出干扰加噪声协方差矩阵和最终的波束形成器。仿真结果表明, 该方法仅耗费较少的快拍, 即可在大信噪比范围内实现较高信干噪比输出。     

脉冲噪声下基于NAT函数的LFM信号参数估计

针对传统的线性调频(linear frequency modulation,LFM)信号参数估计方法在脉冲噪声环境中无法准确提取参数信息的问题,设计了两种非线性幅值变换函数(nonlinear amplitude transformation,NAT),即attenuation-NAT (A-NAT)函数与increa...     

色噪声环境下基于约束Kalman波束形成算法

针对色噪声环境和低快拍数下波束形成器波形畸变的问题,提出了一种色噪声环境下基于约束Kalman的波束形成算法。该算法首先利用波束形成器的代价函数来构建状态和量测方程,其次对量测有色噪声进行一阶马尔可夫建模并对量测扩充得到新的量测方程,最后利用Kalman滤波方程来求解阵列权值矢量。所提算法是通过对色噪声白化来消除其对波束形成算法性能的影响。仿真结果显示,在色噪声环境和低快拍数下本算法具有更快的收敛速度和更高的输出信干噪比,并且波束图的旁瓣水平明显降低。     

脉冲噪声下基于相关熵的OFDM时域参数估计

针对传统的正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)时域参数估计方法在Alpha稳定分布噪声环境下性能退化的问题,该文提出了一种基于相关熵的时域参数估计新方法。相关熵是适用于非高斯信号处理的一种广义相关函数,用于表征随机变量的局部相似性。该方法利用OFDM信号时域结构具有局部相似性这一特点以及相关熵对脉冲噪声较好的抑制作用,完成Alpha稳定分布噪声下OFDM信号有用符号时间和符号周期这两个时域参数的估计。此外,为进一步提高强脉冲噪声下有用符号时间和符号周期的估计性能,该文利用累积法对相关熵进行了改进。仿真结果表明,在Alpha稳定分布噪声下,本文提出的基于相关熵的方法具有良好的估计性能,并且在强脉冲噪声下优于基于分数低阶统计量的方法。     

On UWB system performance under impulsive noise environment

In this paper, the performance of UWB (ultrawide bandwidth) radio systems under impulsive noise environment (INE) is investigated. At first, the Middleton's class a model is used as a model of impulsive noise (IN), we investigate the statistical characteristics of in-phase and quadrature components of IN, and it is proved that unlike Gaussian noise (GN), they are dependent especially to IN with small impulsive indices, Then, making use of this dependence between in-phase and quadrature components, an ovel UWB radio receiver designed for IN is proposed. The exact expression for the average BER (bit error rate) of this receiver, which is a function of SNR (signal to noise power ratio) and threshold value, is derived. Thirdly, we'll discuss the optimum threshold value. We'll also estimate the performance of UWB radio systems with the proposed receiver designed for IN and with the conventional receiver designed for GN in INE. Numerical results show that the performance achieved by the proposed UWB radio receiver is much etter than that of the conventional UWB radio receiver. Meanwhile, it is shown that both impulsive index and threshold value have much effect on the performance of UWB radio system s under the condition of INE     

Receiver design of UWB radio systems for an impulsive noise environment

1 .INTRODUCTIONUltrawidebandwidth (UWB )radiosystemshavedrawnalotofattentionduringthelastfew years[1,2 ] .Suchsystems ,basedontimehoppingspread spec trum (THSS)impulseradio (IR ) ,are plannedtoworkinco existencewithotherdigitalsystemsoverabandwidthranging…     

不确定权值下的鲁棒波束形成算法

提出了一种不确定权值下的鲁棒波束形成算法(robust beamforming algorithm with uncertainweights,RBAWUW),与以往文献中对阵列导向矢量的不确定性进行约束的方法不同,该算法是通过对权值附加一个球形或椭球形不确定集约束推导出来的.在这种新的约束下,RBAWUW算法能获得比传统鲁棒Capon波束形成器(robust Capon beamformer,RCB)更高的输出信干噪比(singal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio,SINR),而且新算法与标准Capon波束形成算法的计算效率几乎相同.理论分析和仿真结果均表明,RBAWUW算法是切实可行的.     

一种新的自适应波束形成技术

提出了一种新的自适应波束形成技术——基于分数低阶矩的自适应波束形成算法。该算法充分利用对称稳定过程的特点,对冲击噪声和干扰有较强的抑制作用,弥补了传统的基于二阶统计量的自适应波束形成器不能应用于冲击噪声和干扰环境的不足。计算机仿真验证了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于最小敏感度的广义线性自适应波束形成算法

常规最小方差无失真响应波束形成器对于非圆信号是次优的,且当训练样本数有限时,其性能有所下降。针对这一问题,提出了基于最小敏感度的广义线性自适应波束形成算法。算法以期望信号和干扰信号的非圆特性为基础,利用最小敏感度准则求得最优权矢量,提高了波束形成器的稳健性。计算机仿真结果表明,算法在低信噪比和小快拍数的情况下也具有较好的性能。     

Order selection in fractional Fourier transform based beamforming

Traditionally, beamforming using fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) involves a trial-and-error based FrFT order selection which is impractical. A new numerical order selection scheme is presented based on fractional power spectra (FrFT moment) of the linear chirp signal. This method can adaptively determine the optimum FrFT order by maximizing the second-order central FrFT moment. This makes the desired chirp signal substantially concentrated whereas the noise is rejected considerably. This improves the mean square error minimization beamformer by reducing effectively the signal-noise cross terms due to the finite data length de-correlation operation.  Simulation results show that the new method works well under a wide range of signal to noise ratio and signal to interference ratio.     

基于广义尤拉-沃克方程的白化滤波器

α-稳定分布可以更好地描述实际应用中所遇到的具有显著脉冲特性的随机信号和噪声,α稳定分布没有统一闭式的概率密度函数,其二阶及二阶以上统计量均不存在。描述了稳定分布的谱表示,提出了一种不同于二阶过程功率谱的共变谱密度概念,得到一种基于共变谱的稳定分布白噪声的概念及其判断标准,对传统意义上的白噪声进行了广义化,提出了一种新的预测反卷积广义尤拉-沃克方程及白化滤波器模型。计算机模拟表明,这种算法是一种具有良好韧性的白化滤波方法,是对传统的二阶统计量基础上的白化滤波方法的改造与推广。     

Application of wavelet support vector regression on SAR data de-noising

A new filtering method for SAR data de-noising using wavelet support vector regression (WSVR) is developed.On the basis of the grey scale distribution character of SAR imagery,the logarithmic SAR image as a noise polluted signal is taken and the noise model assumption in logarithmic domain with Gaussian noise and impact noise is proposed.Based on the better performance of support vector regression (SVR) for complex signal approximation and the wavelet for signal detail expression,the wavelet kernel function is chosen as support vector kernel function.Then the logarithmic SAR image is regressed with WSVR.Furthermore the regression distance is used as a judgment index of the noise type.According to the judgment of noise type every pixel can be adaptively de-noised with different filters.Through an approximation experiment for a one-dimensional complex signal,the feasibility of SAR data regression based on WSVR is confirmed.Afterward the SAR image is treated as a two-dimensional continuous signal and filtered by an SVR with wavelet kernel function.The results show that the method proposed here reduces the radar speckle noise effectively while maintaining edge features and details well.     

Performance analysis of Turbo-Codes in communication channels with impulsive noise

Performance of Turbo-Codes in communication channels with impulsive noise is analyzed. First, mathematical model of impulsive noise is presented because it has non-Gaussian nature and is found in many wireless channels due to impulsive phenomena of radio-frequency interference. Then, with linear Log-MAP decoding algorithm for its low complexity, Turbo-Codes are adopted and analyzed in such communication channels. To confirm the performance of the proposed method, simulations on both static and fully interleaved fiat Rayleigh fading channels with impulsive noise have been carried out. It is shown that Turbo-Codes have a better performance than the conventional methods (e.g. convolutionally coded system).     

New HB-weighted time delay estimation algorithm under impulsive noise environment

The traditional HB-weighted time-delay estimation （TDE） method degenerates under the impulsive noise environment. Two new time-delay estimation methods are proposed based on fractional lower order statistics （FLOS） according to the impulsive characteristics of fractional lower order α-stable noises. Theoretic analysis and computer simulations indicate that the proposed covariation based HB weighted （COV-HB） algorithm can suppress impulsive noises in one received signal for 1 ≤α≤ 2, whereas the other proposed fractional lower order eovariancebased HB weighted （FLOC-HB） algorithm has robust performance under arbitrary impulsive noise conditions for the whole range of 0 〈α≤ 2.     

一种新的LV-BPL宽带通信系统仿真

室内低压电力线（LV-BPL）通信是一种新的宽带接入技术,基于数字喷泉码与正交小波包调制提出了一种新的LV-BPL编码多载波调制通信系统模型。系统采用Raptor码作外码,块编码作内码,按块编码调制（BCM）映射到正交小波包调制时频平面。由于小波包稳定的正交性、自由的时频铺砌,数字喷泉码与码率无关的性质及BCM抗脉冲干扰的特点,系统在LV-BPL信道具有比编码DFT-OFDM更好的性能。     

Tracking Synchronization of Networked Lagrangian Systems via Impulsive Control and Its Applications

An impulsive control scheme is proposed to investigate the tracking synchronization of ring and inline networked Lagrangian systems. Given a time-varying target trajectory, some algebraic synchronization criteria are derived to make the networked Lagrangian systems synchronize to the target trajectory. A distinctive feature of the proposed work is that the impulsive control scheme is used to investigate the highly nonlinear Lagrangian systems. By the impulsive control, each agent described by the Lagrangian system instantaneously interacts with its neighbors only at some discrete moments. Furthermore, the proposed control strategy requires only local coupling feedback for global convergence. As a direct application of the obtained theoretical results, the tracking synchronization of multiple 3-DOF mobile robots is discussed in detail and simulated. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

一种新的多尺度仿射几何不变量提取方法

提出了一种新的多尺度仿射几何不变量提取方法。该方法以自定义的多尺度自卷积变换为起点,结合灰度归一化处理,构建出目标图像的一系列仿射协变形式,进而通过设计一组非线性函数计算每个协变形式的一组扩展质心,由此得到新的多尺度仿射几何不变量。将所得不变量与经典的扩展质心特征、多尺度自卷积相比,由于其仅需一次分割便可构造出任意数量的区域面积比仿射不变特征,且从单个仿射协变形式中即可提取多个不变特征,从而有效减小了特征误差,提高了特征的获取效率。利用典型的“Fish”测试数据库,从计算复杂度、抗噪性、抗遮挡性和图像扩展性等方面验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于波束优化设计的宽带相干信号子空间算法

提高波束域宽带相干信号子空间算法(BCSSM)在低信噪比下的估计性能,并降低其运算量,是BC-SSM在实际系统中得到应用的关键。借助于优化方法,设计具有低旁瓣和恒定束宽特征的时域宽带波束形成器来实现预形成宽带波束,在保证宽带信号无失真接收的同时,能够有效抑制干扰,从而提高了BCSSM在低信噪比下的估计性能。宽带波束形成器采用数字延迟线和FIR滤波器相结合的结构,减少了设计所需FIR滤波器的阶数,显著降低了算法的运算量。设计实例和仿真结果证明了所提方法的有效性。     

FDA-MIMO雷达稳健抗主瓣距离欺骗式干扰技术

频率分集阵(frequency diverse array, FDA)多输入多输出(multiple-input and multiple-output, MIMO)雷达可利用距离维自由度在发射-接收频率域内对欺骗式干扰进行抑制。但当存在目标导向矢量失配和协方差矩阵估计误差时,其抗干扰性能损失严重。针对该问题, 在FDA-MIMO雷达中提出了一种基于稳健波束形成的抗干扰方法。首先, 对剔除了残留噪声的Capon谱估计器在信号(或干扰)域内积分来构造期望信号(或干扰)导向矢量; 然后, 利用不同信号导向矢量间的正交性获得干扰功率并重构干扰加噪声协方差矩阵; 最后, 用更精确的导向矢量和重构矩阵计算自适应波束形成器的最优权值, 提高干扰抑制性能。仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。     

冲击噪声环境中求根类DOA估计方法研究

在介绍冲击噪声的性质及其造成传统求根类算法性能下降原因的基础上,提出利用分数低阶矩(FLOM)和ScreenedRatio原理来构造阵列相关矩阵的两类求根类算法。最后通过计算机仿真对算法进行了分析和比较,结果表明该算法在性能上优于传统的算法,基于ScreenedRatio原理的算法的性能略好于基于FLOM的算法。