预吸胀温度对黄瓜种子活力和冷能力的影响

预吸胀处理能明显提高黄瓜种子活力、萌发率及抗冷能力。其机理为抑制肿子物质渗漏和膜脂过氧化作用，增强呼吸强度及ＴＴＣ还原力。同时发现，虽然在４℃和１５℃下预吸胀均可以明显提高种子活力和抗能力，但１５℃时效果更好。     

聚乙二醇渗透处理对马尾松种子活力的影响

研究了聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）渗透处理对马尾松种子活力的影响,通过正交试验设计,比较了不同分子量、浓度和处理时间组合对马尾松种子活力的影响,筛选出最佳处理组合。用ＰＥＧ最佳处理组合Ｈ２Ｏ２处理马尾松种子,发现对马尾松种子活力有显影响。试验还发现,ＰＥＧ渗透处理能提高马尾松种子的抗吸胀冷害能力。     

花生种子萌发早期事件与活力的关系

花生种子萌发早期,不同活力胚轴的呼吸模式与吸水模式对应一致。吸胀初始活力低的种子吸水快,呼吸强度也高,停滞期后则活力高的种子吸水迅速,呼吸强度亦高。预吸胀处理减轻种子的渗漏,浸泡液的电导率和紫外吸收物质的数值下降,细胞的修复效率与种子活力有关。胚轴的膜脂不饱和度与种子活力亦呈正相关。Ca~(2 )与PAs处理可改善膜透性,减少渗漏,增加膜脂不饱和度。     

果蝇对冷、热极限温度耐受能力的研究

以野生型黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)为基本实验材料．统计分析了非致死的冷、热预刺激对果蝇耐极限温度能力的影响．并用SDS-PAGE电泳研究了冷、热刺激后热休克蛋白的表达情况．实验发现．冷、热预刺激能提高果蝇在同类温度下的耐受水平．同时，高、低温具有交互作用．即冷预刺激提高了果蝇在高温下的存活率．在0℃下．果蝇体内22、23、26、27、42、51、52及70kD的蛋白质出现增量表达；37℃下70、83kD的蛋白质表达量增多．推测上述增效作用可能是这些蛋白质引起的．     

高压静电场对水稻干湿种子生物学效应的影响

用高压静电场分别处理干的水稻种子和30℃预浸种吸水24h的水稻种子,计算种子的活力指数、发芽指数、幼苗干重,研究电场处理对2种水稻种子活力的影响是否有差异.结果表明：水稻种子吸水24h后,种子吸胀结束,开始进入萌发阶段,经电场处理后种子的发芽指数、幼苗干重和活力指数显著高于对照.而经电场处理的水稻干种子活力与对照相比无显著差异.种子的吸水程度显著影响高压静电场对水稻种子的生物学效应.     

吸胀玉米种子脱水耐性变化与活性氧清除酶活性的关系

以吸胀的玉米种子为材料 ,研究了种子吸胀过程中脱水耐性的变化以及预吸胀胚在随后的脱水过程中生活力 ,电解质渗漏速率 ,MDA含量和活性氧清除酶 (SOD ,POD ,CAT)活性的变化。 2 5℃下玉米种子脱水耐性丧失 5 0 %的吸胀时间为 33h ,丧失 10 0 %的时间为 5 8h。吸胀时间越长 ,脱水耐性丧失越明显 ,活性氧清除酶活性越容易被脱水所降低。完全丧失脱水耐性 (吸胀 5 8h)的玉米胚活性氧清除酶活性在脱水过程中的变化趋势与顽拗性种子黄皮 ,荔枝等相似 ,但部分丧失脱水耐性玉米胚的变化趋势则与之有一定的差异。未丧失或部分丧失脱水耐性 (吸胀 2 4h ,35h)的玉米胚MDA含量在脱水过程中呈降低 -升高 -降低的变化趋势 ,完全丧失脱水耐性胚 (吸胀 5 8h)的MDA含量在脱水前期开始上升 ,以后则随脱水而逐步下降。     

稀土对薏苡种子活力及产量因素的影响

研究了稀土浸种对薏苡种子活力及构成产量因素的影响，结果表明稀土浸种能明显促进薏苡种子活力，并提高构成产量的因素，浸种浓度以０．００５ｇ．Ｌ＾－１和０．０５ｇ．Ｌ＾－１最好。     

PEG处理对瓜尔豆种子低温萌发和成苗的影响

用25％的PEG分别在100℃或15℃的条件下处理瓜尔豆种子1—3天。结果表明：PEG处理后直接播种可促进瓜尔豆种子的萌发，但15℃的处理抑制了幼苗的生长；PEG处理结束后再放入0～4℃的条件下冷浸17h，可促进幼苗的生长，但15℃处理抑制了瓜尔豆种子的萌发，而10℃处理促进了种子的萌发；低温季节，浸种后再冷浸可明显提高瓜尔豆种子的活力；播前4h，10℃以上的预浸处理可减轻或避免瓜尔豆种子在吸胀阶段的低温冷害。     

黄山松种子发芽率及活力的测定

采用综合逆境法、对采自安徽黄山风景区的黄山松种子进行发芽率及综合逆境活力的测定。结果表明：黄山松种子的发芽率为２１．６％,综合逆境活力为１５．５％,黄山松种子的发芽率及种子活力均较低,在一定程度上影响了黄山松的繁殖和更新能力。     

绿豆种子吸胀过程中脱水耐性变化的时间模式

以绿豆种子为材料,研究种子吸胀过程中的萌发行为、脱水耐性的变化以及不同脱水速率对脱水耐性丧失的影响.在吸胀过程中,种子含水量迅速增加,不表现出典型的吸水三阶段模式;种子的电解质渗漏速率和相对电导率显著增加直到3h,然后下降.50％种子萌发需要的时间和热时间分别是5.5h和7℃d.在种子预吸胀过程中,种子的脱水耐性和由脱水后存活种子产生的幼苗生长量逐渐下降,50％种子丧失脱水耐性的时间是7h,以及脱水后种子的电解质渗漏明显增加.下胚轴的脱水耐性大于胚根.吸胀12h的绿豆种子对脱水非常敏感;缓慢脱水时,50％种子丧失脱水耐性的水分含量(以干质量计)为0.15g·g-1.根据水分含量对存活率、幼苗生长和电解质渗漏的影响,缓慢脱水比快速脱水好.这些结果表明,吸胀的绿豆种子脱水耐性的丧失是一种数量特征,吸胀的正常性种子脱水耐性的变化可以作为种子顽拗性研究的一个模式系统.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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