18Ni马氏体时效钢内耗的研究

用倒扭摆法测试了18 Ni马氏体时效钢的低频内耗.发现在降温中于165℃附近出现正马氏体相变内耗峯.在升温中于700℃附近出现反马氏体相变内耗峯.内耗峯的高度与T/f(T—温度变化速率,f—振动频率)成线性关系,恒温测量时,相变内耗降为背景值.还观察到相变过程中,切变模量发生软化.我们认为这个内耗是由外加切应力促进或加速接近临界的马氏体胚芽的界面位错滑移所引起.     

热处理对NiAlMn高温形状记忆合金相变行为的影响

研究了热处理和热循环Ni－Al－30Mn高温形状记忆合金相变行为的影响。结果表明：（1）在600－1100℃固溶淬火时，随固溶温度升高，该合金的马氏体相变温度升高；在1000℃固溶淬火后，马氏体相变开始温度和马氏体逆相变结束温度为分别为465℃和549℃，（2）在1000℃固溶处理处理和400℃时效处理后，该合金可获得良好的相变特性；热循环使相变行为的稳定性提高。（3）该合金的淬火组织由马氏体和γ相组成，其中马氏体的体积约占60％，马氏体的硬度高于γ相，时效处理后合金的相组成未变，硬度有所增加。     

焊接热循环对5Mn钢连续冷却过程中马氏体相变的影响

利用热模拟试验测定海洋平台用5Mn钢在不同焊接热循环下的热膨胀曲线,结合显微组织观察,分析峰值温度和冷却速率对5Mn钢连续冷却过程中马氏体相变行为的影响。结果表明,在不同的焊接热循环下,5Mn钢室温组织均以板条马氏体为主;峰值温度为1320℃和850℃时的马氏体相变开始温度Ms的变化范围分别为371~395℃和397~423℃,且相同冷却速率下,峰值温度为850℃时的Ms高于峰值温度为1320℃时的Ms;此外,5Mn钢马氏体相变速率随着冷却速率的增大而增大,在相同冷速下,峰值温度为850℃时的马氏体相变速率大于峰值温度为1320℃时的相应值。     

Fe-Mn-Si基合金中ε马氏体逆相变的内耗

利用音频内耗仪测试了Fe-Mn-Si基形状记忆合金热诱发马氏体、一般应力诱发马氏体和热-机械训练后的应力诱发马氏体的逆相变过程.结果表明，热诱发马氏体的逆相变在400～500K完成；经训练后的应力诱发马氏体逆相变开始温度与热诱发马氏体逆相变开始温度相近，但高于一般应力诱发马氏体的逆相变开始温度；一般应力诱发马氏体的逆相变温度低于热马氏体的逆相变温度，随应变量的增加，A     

冷变形及退火对Ti_(50)Ni_(45)Cu_5合金组织性能的影响

研究冷变形与退火对Ti50Ni45Cu5(原子数分数,%)合金组织及性能的影响。研究结果表明:冷变形使片状马氏体变细,合金强度增加,使合金的马氏体相变温度和逆马氏体相变温度降低,且冷变形越大,相变温度降低越多;马氏体转变开始温度Ms随着母相B2晶粒尺寸减小而降低,利用热力学推导得出了Ms与母相B2晶粒尺寸关系式。经35%冷变形400℃退火1 h后,合金具有优良的综合性能,其马氏体转变开始温度Ms为45.2℃,马氏体转变终了温度Mf为10.3℃,逆转变开始温度As为49.0℃,逆转变终了温度Af为80.0℃,抗拉强度为1 198.29MPa,伸长率为7.9%。冷变形+400℃/1 h退火Ti50Ni45Cu5合金的马氏体片细小,马氏体孪晶亚结构增多,内耗峰增高。合金在变温过程中发生B2-B19′相变,在应变振幅为2×10-5,振动频率为0.5~4.0 Hz,变温速率为2 K/min时产生内耗峰,内耗峰位置与振动频率无关,峰高随着测量频率的增加而降低,为热诱导相变内耗机制。相变温度降低,内耗峰位降低。     

X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1铁素体耐热钢中的马氏体相变过程

通过膨胀试验研究了X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1铁素体耐热钢在不同奥氏体化条件下的马氏体相变过程.结果表明:在温度1010~1 200℃奥氏体化15 min条件下,马氏体相变的开始温度点Ms与结束温度点Mf随着奥氏体化温度的增加而升高;在1070℃奥氏体化时,Mf随奥氏体化时间的延长而升高,而在奥氏体化时间小于3 h时,随着奥氏体化时间的增加,Ms上升,在奥氏体化时间超过3 h后,Ms稳定在460℃左右;根据膨胀曲线拟合得到在1070℃奥氏体化保温不同时间条件下的马氏体相变动力学方程.     

18%Cr-12%Mn-0.55%N高氮奥氏体不锈钢低温性能与组织稳定性

研究了高氮奥氏体不锈钢18%Cr-12%Mn-0.55%N在室温和低温下的力学行为和组织稳定性,并对实验钢的断裂失效行为进行了讨论.低温冲击实验结果表明,实验钢在-70℃前后存在韧脆转变现象,这种脆性类解理断裂是在奥氏体的{111}面发生的;低温拉伸实验结果表明,该钢室温拉伸时即有相变发生,相变产物除α′马氏体外,还发现了一种不同于α′马氏体的相变产物,其结构和相关参数暂不能确定.基于冲击实验和拉伸实验结果可以认为,该钢在-60℃以上有很好的强度和塑性结合,因此其使用温度应该在-60℃以上.     

3J_(33)弹性合金杨氏模量和内耗的研究

用声频共振棒法测试了3J_33弹性合金固溶态和时效态在0—800℃的杨氏模量和内耗。正规时效处理后的内耗约为0.25 X10~(-4),在400℃以下内耗几乎不随温度变化。杨氏模量温度系数约为—301 X10~(-6)/℃。固溶态和时效态在升温中于600℃附近出现一个内耗峰。固溶态降温中于100℃附近出现一个内耗峰。初步判明100℃附近的峰为正马氏体相变内耗峰,600℃附近的峰为反马氏体相变内耗峰。讨论了内耗低和稳定的原因。     

Cu-14Al-4.2Ni合金的热弹性马氏体相变特性

本文采用高温X-射线衍射线形分析和电阻测量研究Cu-14 Nl-4.2Ni合金的形相变,发现其转变特性和马氏体亚结构与热处理条件密切相关。马氏体的X-射线衍射形峰线宽化值与黑色金属中马氏体的这一数值很接近;相变引起母相中位错的产生。反复相变及时效可使马氏体稳定化;室温下,时效应可以恢复,而累积的循环效应不能得到恢复。     

一种高锰奥氏体钢组织和力学性能

研究了高锰奥氏体钢在室温及100℃条件下拉伸变形过程中组织变化.结果表明,高锰奥氏体钢在不同的拉伸变形条件下均产生了明显的塑性变形诱发马氏体相变(TRIP)效应,获得了较大的延伸率(60%～70%)和较高的抗拉强度(500～700 MPa).在10-3～10-1/s级别的初始应变速率范围内,实验钢对流变应力几乎不存在应变速率的敏感性.随着应变速率的增加,强度和塑性变化不大,由于该钢具有较好的综合机械性能,有望作为新一代高强度、高塑性汽车用钢.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with