Magnetic and dielectric properties of low temperature fired ferrite/ceramic composite materials

The self-interstitial atoms in silicon generated by the bulk surface oxidation diffuse into the bulk inside and affect the phenomena such as the diffusions and the stacking faults.The generation rate of self-interstitials(R_(gen)) depends on theωpower of the oxidation film growth rate dX_0/dt.The physical quantityωis important to understand the material science relevant to self-interstitials in the silicon crystal.However,the conclusiveωvalue is not reported,although variousωvalues to control the generat...     

Dielectric properties of porous SiC/Si_3N_4 ceramics by polysilazane immersion-pyrolysis

The SiC nanotubes were synthesized on porous Si_3N_4 matrix by polysilazane immersion-pyrolysis. The β-SiC and free C contents increased with the increasing dipping times, which cause some clear vibration and loss peaks of the dielectric constant patterns emerged at around 12.9 GHz and 14.7 GHz in the samples of 20 wt% and 30 wt%benzoic acid, respectively. The reflectivity of the obtained ceramics were -7 dB ～-10 dB from the frequency of 8 GHz–18 GHz, which means that the amount of 80%–90% electromagnetic wave could be attenuated. The ceramics containing 40 wt% benzoic acid showed the high loss, low reflectivity and a wide absorbing band,indicating the high absorbing efficiency and good dielectric properties.     

Preparation and radar-absorbing properties of Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>/TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>/Yb<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> composite powder

Al₂O₃/TiO₂/Fe₂O₃/Yb₂O₃ composite powder was synthesized via the sol-gel method. The structure, morphology, and radar-absorption properties of the composite powder were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and RF impedance analysis. The results show that two types of particles exist in the composite powder. One is irregular flakes (100-200 nm) and the other is spherical Al₂O₃ particles (smaller than 80 nm). Electromagnetic wave attenuation is mostly achieved by dielectric loss. The maximum value of the dissipation factor reaches 0.76 (at 15.68 GHz) in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz. The electromagnetic absorption of waves covers 2-18 GHz with the matching thicknesses of 1.5-4.5 mm. The absorption peak shifts to the lower-frequency area with increasing matching thickness. The effective absorption band covers the frequency range of 2.16-9.76 GHz, and the maximum absorption peak reaches -20.18 dB with a matching thickness of 3.5 mm at a frequency of 3.52 GHz.     

BCB介质层同轴TSV的热力学仿真分析

穿透硅通孔（through silicon via,TSV）的热机械可靠性问题已经成为制约TSV市场化应用的重要因素.本文对BCB介质层同轴TSV的热力学特性进行了研究分析,同时对其几何参数（SiO₂绝缘层厚度、屏蔽环厚度、TSV间距、中心信号线半径）进行了变参分析,为降低热应力提供指导意见.结果表明,在阻抗匹配的前提下,通过增加SiO₂绝缘层厚度、减小屏蔽环厚度能够有效降低同轴TSV的诱导热应力;相比之下中心信号线半径和TSV间距的变化对其影响可忽略不计.      

Effect of CuO addition on the sintering temperature and microwave dielectric properties of CaSiO3– Al2O3 ceramics

CuO-doped CaSiO3–1 wt% Al2O3 ceramics were synthesized via a traditional solid-state reaction method, and their sintering behavior,microstructure and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. The results showed that appropriate CuO addition could accelerate the sintering process and assist the densification of CaSiO3–1 wt% Al2O3 ceramics, which could effectively lower the densification temperature from1250 1C to 1050 1C. However, the addition of CuO undermined the microwave dielectric properties. The optimal amount of CuO addition was found to be 0.8 wt%, and the derived CaSiO3–Al2O3ceramic sintered at 1100 1C presented good microwave dielectric properties of εr?7.27,Q f?16,850 GHz and τf? 39.53 ppm/1C, which is much better than those of pure CaSiO3 ceramic sintered at 1340oC(Q f?13,109 GHz).The chemical compatibility of the above ceramic with 30 Pd/70 Ag during the cofiring process has also been investigated, and the result showed that there was no chemical reaction between palladium–silver alloys and ceramics.& 2014 Chinese Materials Research Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.     

Microwave sintering of Ca<Subscript>0.6</Subscript>La<Subscript>0.2667</Subscript>TiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> microwave dielectric ceramics

Ca_0.6La_0.2667TiO₃ ceramics were prepared by conventional and microwave sintering techniques and their sinterability, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties were investigated in detail for comparison. Densified Ca_0.6La_0.2667TiO₃ ceramics were obtained by microwave sintering at 1350°C for 30 min and by conventional sintering at 1450°C for 4 h. An unusual phenomenon was found that some larger grains (grain size range: 8–10 μm) inclined to assemble in one area but some smaller ones (grain size range: 2–4 μm) inclined to gather in another area in the microwave sintered ceramics. The microwave dielectric properties of Ca_0.6La_0.2667TiO₃ ceramics prepared by microwave sintering at 1350°C were as follows: dielectric constant (ɛ _r) = 119.6, quality factor (Qf) = 17858.5 GHz, and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τ _f) = 155.5 ppm/°C. In contrast, the microwave dielectric properties of the ceramics prepared by conventional sintering at 1450°C were ɛ _r = 117.4, Qf = 13375 GHz, and τ _f = 217.2 ppm/°C.     

锐钛矿型TiO2/SiO2复合氧化物的制备

以硅灰石为硅源、 硫酸钛为钛源, 在未添加任何表面活性剂的制备条件下得到较高比表面积的多孔锐钛矿型TiO₂/SiO₂复合氧化物.反应过程中生成微溶于水的CaSO₄, 在复合物孔隙的形成中起重要作用. 利用XRD,TEM,N₂吸附和脱附对复合物的微观结构和化学组成进行了表征.     

Ld_2O_3掺杂对Ni-Zn铁氧体/泡沫铝复合材料吸波性能的影响

为了研究掺杂Ld2O3对Ni-Zn铁氧体/泡沫铝材料吸波性能的影响,在泡沫铝表面涂覆了单一Ni-Zn铁氧体和掺杂不同质量分数的Ld2O3的Ni-Zn铁氧体复合粉,利用GJB2038—94"雷达吸波材料反射率测试方法"中的雷达截面(RCS)法对材料微波反射率进行了测量,扫描电镜(SEM)对吸波剂的形貌进行了分析.结果表明,在12~18 GHz频段内,涂覆添加Ld2O3后泡沫铝复合材料的吸波性能优于涂覆单一的Ni-Zn铁氧体.在26.5~40.0 GHz频段内,Ld2O3质量分数为1%的泡沫铝复合材料吸波性能最好,当其质量分数大于1%时,材料吸波性能降低.因此,在泡沫铝合金表面涂覆适当比例的Ni-...     

Experimental research and statistical analysis on the dielectric properties of lunar soil simulators

To support the microwave brightness data retrieval of future China space-borne lunar exploration microwave radiometer, based on the collection of plentiful terrestrial basalts and anorthosites and their chemical compositions got by X-ray fluorescence, nine lunar soil simulators were prepared and made respectively into 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 and 1.6 g/cm3 five densities each. We measured their relative dielectric constants over the range of 0.5-20 GHz with open-ended coaxial line model on the HP8722C Network Analyzer and then processed and analyzed the measurement data. This study shows that among the three parameters of density, frequency and composition, density has the strongest effect on the relative dielectric constants, frequency comes second, composition the least. The three parameters account for 45%, 33% and 22% respectively of the changed real part of a relative dielectric constant, and 55%, 27% and 19% respectively of the changed imaginary part. The real parts of the relative dielectric constants are linearly linearly correlated with density or frequency, and the imaginary parts have a linear relation with both approximately over the range of 0.5-10 GHz and tend to be poorly correlated with them in 10-20 GHz. The effect of composition on a relative dielectric constant seems very complicated, both probably do not follow a simple function relation, with the least correlation. Multiple regression analysis indicates that major element oxides SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, TiO2 and AFe are correspondent to a one-order polynomial, and TiO2 or AFe or TiO2 ΔFe has not been proven to be the indicators in the contribution to the relative dielectric constants.     

Novel flexible broadband microwave absorptive fabrics coated with graphite nanosheets/polyurethane nanocomposites

Graphite nanosheets (GNS) were prepared by surfactant assisted ultrasonication from expanded graphite (EG) and followed by coating onto vinylon fabrics with water-borne polyurethane (WPU). The morphology of GNS and GNS/polyurethane (PU) coatings was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and the structure of GNS was studied by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electromagnetic (EM) parameters indicated that GNS is a kind of dielectric loss material, in which little magnetic loss is found. Reflection loss (RL) results showed that both GNS content and coated thickness had great influences on the microwave absorption. For the fabric coated with GNS/PU nanocomposites (30/100 by weight, wet thickness of 0.39 mm for dry areal density in 130 g/m2), RL values exceeding 5 dB could be obtained in the frequency range of 10.7–18 GHz, while 10 dB in 12.7–18 GHz, and a minimum value of 28 dB at 15.2 GHz. These GNS/PU coated fabrics are light and flexible with much thin and low-cost coated layer, and showed great potential in radar camouflaging and electromagnetic interference application.     

混响室条件下小尺寸腔体屏蔽效能测试

针对小尺寸腔体屏蔽效(SE)能难以测试的问题,对频率搅拌嵌套混响室法SE测试中天线效率的影响加以修正;并利用感应电动势法对壁面单极子天线的响应进行推导,得出其能够用于检测混响室内场环境的结论.利用该结论,采用频率搅拌+壁面单极子天线的改进测量模式,对某装备电气系统模块箱体的SE进行测试研究.测得的S₂₁参数证明了频率搅拌调节场分布的有效性;而低频段的S₂₁均值曲线说明混响室内能量随频率变化呈现一定震荡特性. SE计算结果表明,箱体在过模状态下(3~13 GHz)的屏蔽效能力从20 dB逐渐减弱到5 dB,并且测试结果与天线位置的选取无关,若忽略天线效率可导致多达10 dB的测量误差,这在实际测试中需要引起重视.      

镧六方铁氧体Ba1-xLaxFe12O19的电磁 性能与吸波特性

研究了掺稀土六方铁氧体Ba_{1-xLaxFe12O1 9的合成条件, 测试了其结构、 形貌、 电磁性能与吸波特性. 结果表明, 稀土离子 La³⁺的加入, 降低了钡铁氧体的磁化强度、 矫顽力和顽磁性, 其磁特性接近 软磁铁氧体材料; 在1.65~2.95 GHz的频率范围内, 具有良好的吸波性能.}     

Competing crystallite size and zinc concentration in silica coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Silica coated(30 wt%) cobalt zinc ferrite(Co1 xZnxFe2O4, x?0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 1) nanoparticles were synthesized by using sol–gel method. Silica acts as a spacer among the nanoparticles to avoid the agglomeration. X-ray diffraction(XRD) reveals the cubic spinel ferrite structure of nanoparticles with crystallite size in the range 37–45 nm. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of spinel ferrite and SiO2. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images show that the nanoparticles are nearly spherical and non-agglomerated due to presence of non-magnetic SiO2 surface coating. All these measurements signify that the structural and magnetic properties of Co1 xZnxFe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles strongly depend on Zn concentration and nanoparticle average crystallite size in different Zn concentration regimes.& 2014 Chinese Materials Research Society. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.     

Relative dielectric constant from dry rocks

Relative dielectric constant is an important physical factor in the theory of microwave remote sensing and electromagnetic transmission. This note reports the results of detecting relative dielectric constant from 197 rock samples. The regular pattern of the relative dielectric constant varying with microwave spectrum is revealed. The relative dielectric constants, correlated with the type, density, structure and chemical component of the rock, are discussed. The results are: ( i ) The relative dielectric constant is related to the frequency when it is measured within the frequency of 0.5–18 GHz. ( ii ) The real part of the relative dielectric constant among different types of rocks changes in a large range, the regular pattern of the change is from ultrabasic rock, basic rock, to intermediate rock, acid rock and sedimentary rock. The real part of relative dielectric constant gradually lowers, the change range is between 9 and 5. ( iii ) The real parts of relative dielectric constant have a marked positive correlation with the density of the rocks. ( iv ) The relative dielectric constant related with the structures of the rocks, the smaller the grain of rock, the larger the relative dielectric constant. ( v ) The real parts of relative dielectric constant related to chemical component of the rock are more complex. The imaginary parts of relative dielectric constant are markedly correlated with MnO and LOI, less correlation with Fe₂O₃, FeO, MgO, P₂O₅, and has no correlation with the rest variables.     

LLDPE/TiO2 nanocomposites produced from different crystallite sizes of TiO2 via in situ polymerization

Nano-TiO2 particles with a range of crystallite sizes were synthesized by a conventional sol-gel method,and then used as nanoparticle substrates in the synthesis of LLDPE/TiO2 nanocomposites via in situ polymerization of ethylene/1-hexene with zirconocene/MMAO catalyst.It was found that the size of the nano-TiO2 crystallite nanoparticles can influence the catalytic activity in the polymerization system.The larger nano-TiO2 crystallites provided better catalytic activity in the polymerization system due to more space for monomer attack.In addition,by thermo-gravimetric analysis,it can be seen that the larger nano-TiO2 crystallites also exhibited lower interaction with available MMAO.Consequently,the MMAO reacted more efficiently with the zirconocene catalyst during the activation process,and enhanced polymerization catalysis.All the polymer nanocomposites products did not have well defined melting temperature indicating non-crystalline polymers.This is due to the high amount of hexene incorporation(based on 13C NMR).The difference in crystallite sizes of the nano-TiO2 also affected how 1-hexene became incorporated into the polymer nanocomposites.The smaller crystallite size of nano-TiO2 allowed greater 1-hexene incorporation due to depression of the reactivity of the ethylene.The contribution of this work helps develop a better understanding of the role of nano-TiO2 in the catalytic activity of the polymerization system and in the microstructure of the polymer composite product.However,this study only considers work on the laboratory scale,so for commercial application of these results,it is necessary to scale up the polymerization process.It is only at this stage,that other physical properties,such as the mechanical properties of these materials can be sensibly determined.     

Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合纳米管阵列的制备及其可见光催化性能研究

在氟化铵-乙二醇体系中,采用阳极氧化法在铁基体上制备Fe_2O_3纳米管阵列,然后以氟钛酸铵为钛源,利用水热法在Fe_2O_3纳米管阵列上负载TiO_2纳米片,制得Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合纳米管阵列,利用SEM、EDS、XRD、TEM、UV-Vis等手段,对所制Fe_2O_3/TiO_2纳米管阵列的表面形貌、物相结构及光催化性能进行表征,并分析Fe_2O_3/TiO_2纳米结构对亚甲基蓝的可见光降解能力。结果表明,Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合纳米管阵列具有良好的可见光响应;NH_4F浓度为0.4%、水热反应3h制备的Fe_2O_3/TiO_2复合结构具有最佳的光催化性能,对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达90%。     

Influence of particle size and temperature on the dielectric properties of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles

The objective of this study was to establish the dielectric properties of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with particle sizes that varied from 28.6 to 5.8 nm. CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical coprecipitation method. The particle sizes were calculated accord-ing to the Scherrer formula using X-ray diffraction （XRD） peaks, and the particle size distribution curves were constructed by using field-emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） images. The dielectric permittivity and loss tangents of the samples were determined in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 1 MHz and in the temperature range of 300 to 10 K. Both the dielectric permittivity and the loss tangent were found to decrease with increasing frequency and decreasing temperature. For the smallest CoFe2O4 nanoparticle size, the dielectric per-mittivity and loss tangent exhibited their highest and lowest values, respectively. This behavior is very useful for materials used in devices that operate in the microwave or radio frequency ranges.     

Structure and multiferroic properties of Y-doped BiFeO3 ceramics

Bismuth ferrite, BiFeO₃, is an important multiferroic material, which simultaneously exhibits ferroelectric ordering and antifer-romagnetic ordering in bulk form. Samples of Bi_1-xY_xFeO₃ (x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) were prepared by conventional solid state reaction. By X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering spectra, the crystal structures of the samples were identified as rhombo-hedral with R3c space group, in addition to a second phase at x≥0.05. Multiferroic properties of the samples were also measured. With the increasing of Y content, the relative dielectric constants of the samples increased gradually, while the loss tangents firstly decreased and then began to increase. Meanwhile, the saturation magnetization values were significantly enhanced, namely 0.1440, 0.7468, 1.9217, 3.3309 and 6.2774 emu/g at 300 K for x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20, respectively.     

新型聚苯醚改性环氧树脂

采用二苯醚单体合成的含有羟基的新型改性聚苯醚(modified polyphenylene ether, MPPE)可直接作为环氧树脂的固化剂和改性剂. 运用傅里叶变换红外光谱对聚苯醚结构进行了表征, 对MPPE/E51 体系的性能进行了研究. 结果表明: 随着E51 含量的增加, 体系的固化温度降低; 随着MPPE 含量的增加, 体系的热分解温度(T_d5%) 明显升高; 当MPPE 含量为E51的2 倍时, MPPE/E51 层压板具有较低的介电常数(3.51, 1 GHz)、介电损耗(0.008 9, 1 GHz) 和吸水率; MPPE/E51 层压板体系具有较高的冲击强度, 最高可达63.34 kJ/m².     

超临界法制备多孔纳米Fe3O4/SiO2复合磁性微球及性能

为了制备具有纳米多孔结构的磁性复合微球,采用正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)和金属氯盐分别作为SiO2和铁氧体的前驱体,通过溶胶凝胶法制备将Fe3O4纳米颗粒分散于SiO2基体中的Fe3O4/SiO2磁性纳米复合微球,并用超临界干燥法对其进行干燥。利用X线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、透射电镜(TEM)和振动试样磁场计(VSM)等分析测试手段对合成的材料进行性能表征。结果表明:复合粒子包覆完好、性能优良、分散性良好,制备颗粒的粒径为30 nm,比饱和磁化强度为84.09 A.m2/kg。