民用飞机后缘增升装置气动力特性SCCH试验研究

针对民用飞机增升装置对机翼气动力特性的影响,在南京航空航天大学的NH-2低速风洞开展了某型号客机等弦长后掠半模增升装置测力风洞试验研究.试验来流马赫数为0.2,基于机翼气动弦长的试验雷诺数为1.85×106.通过试验结果,重点分析了后缘襟翼偏角、缝道宽度及缝道搭接量对机翼增升装置增升效率的影响,得到了襟翼偏角和缝道的最佳组合参数.研究结果表明:襟翼偏角和缝道宽度是影响机翼气动力特性的主要参数,缝道搭接量的影响较小;合适的缝道宽度能带来较大的升力系数和升阻特性,襟翼缝道宽度为2%时升力特性最佳,襟翼缝道宽度为1%时升阻比较大.     

等离子体协同射流翼型控制参数设计与机理探索

通过风洞实验和数值模拟方法研究了相关几何参数对等离子体协同射流翼型绕流特性与气动力特性的影响，并对流动控制机制进行了阐述。设计了不同高度的腔道，研究了等离子体激励下腔道出口的流量与射流速度的变化规律，最终选取4 mm腔道高度为最优参数， 设计了以NACA0025为基准翼型的等离子体协同射流翼型。通过数值模拟研究了等离子体协同射流翼型的升/阻力特性，并对比了前缘吹气与协同射流控制的不同控制效果。研究结果表明，Re=68 000、峰-峰值电压13 kV、载波频率8 kHz条件下，相对基准翼型，等离子体协同射流翼型将失速迎角从8°提高到了14°，最大升力系数增加了181%。等离子体协同射流翼型的阻力随迎角增大持续减小，在10°迎角之前其阻力大于基准翼型，随后小于基准翼型，升阻比呈现出与阻力相同的变化特性，10°迎角之后全面优于基准翼型。原因是后缘腔道处在较小迎角下产生了正阻力，而随着迎角的增大，其当地阻力变为负值。对比前缘吹气和协同射流控制，翼型失速迎角分别为12°和16°，这是因为协同射流翼型通过前缘吹气效应可以在当地集中注入动量，其后缘吸气可以减小低能量的分离区域，形成较大的环量增量。     

CATIA曲面造型技术在大型民用客机增升装置设计中的应用

探讨了利用CATIA软件强大的曲面造型能力,解决了大型民用客机增升装置设计所需要的表面高质量外形的问题.建立了飞机增升装置高品质的曲面外形,实现了增升装置三维参数化建模,简单高效地实现了增升装置的打开构型,为三维增升装置缝道参数优化提供了快速有效的方法.由CATIA成型到CFD计算之间能够快速实现.气动计算结果表明,C...     

襟缝翼对民用飞机失速特性的影响

从外侧缝翼缝道参数、内侧缝翼分离面、缝翼与挂架间隙以及后缘襟翼缝道参数等方面考虑,分析了民用飞机失速特性和失稳特性的影响因素.结果表明,前缘缝翼根部和梢部细节对力矩特性有较大影响,缝翼挂架堵缝可提高升力,不影响力矩特性,调整襟翼偏角,可改变机翼有效弯度,不改变主翼分离特性.     

民用飞机增升装置缝道参数实现的一种工程方法

本文针对民用飞机增升装置设计,通过一种工程方法解决了三维情况下增升装置缝道参数实现问题,完成了增升装置部件打开后缝道参数的精确设置。通过实例测量表明,通过此方法实现的缝道参数满足设计要求,提高了增升装置设计的效率。     

双缝襟翼缝道参数气动影响敏感度研究与设计

针对后缘双缝襟翼,采取先后缝再前缝的缝道参数设计方法,通过数值计算分析和风洞试验验证研究了襟翼偏角、缝道宽度、重叠量对增升效率的影响规律。采用点对点链接多块结构网格技术,通过求解RANS方程对缝道流场进行数值计算,结果表明:后缝道宽度对升力系数、阻力系数影响较缝道重叠量大,为更敏感参数;前缝道重叠量对升力系数、阻力系数影响较缝道宽度大,属更敏感参数。结合上述设计方法与数值计算工具,高效、准确地确定了较优的二维襟翼剖面参数,且襟翼效率计算结果与风洞试验结果吻合较佳,可为同类飞机增升装置设计提供参考和借鉴。     

多控制面对鸭翼-前掠翼布局飞行器静气动弹性的影响

针对机翼前、后缘控制面对鸭翼 前掠翼布局飞行器静气动弹性的影响,通过CFD/CSD松耦合计算方法求解三维不定常N-S方程和线弹性静力学方程,得到了前、后缘控制面单独偏转和协同偏转状态下弹性前掠翼的气动特性和弹性特性。研究结果表明：弹性机翼相比于刚性机翼有更好的升力特性和大迎角失速特性;控制面偏转方式的变化也会对气动特性和弹性特性产生影响,当控制面单独偏转时,前缘控制面下偏和后缘控制面下偏均能增大弹性机翼的升力系数,最大升力系数增量分别为2.60%和8.69%;当控制面协同偏转时,同向偏转时的升力增幅比单独偏转时更大,最大升力增量为11.96%,反向偏转的升阻比特性较好,并可在小迎角范围内降低弹性变形和扭转。     

蜻蜓柔性后翅模型的气动效能分析

为探究柔性材料对蜻蜓滑翔时气动特性的影响,通过数值仿真的方法,研究杨氏模量为3800 MPa,泊松比为0.18的三维柔性蜻蜓后翅模型在不同雷诺数和迎角滑翔时的气动效能和气动力作用下的结构变形.结果表明:柔性蜻蜓后翅在气动力的作用下会产生明显的弯曲扭转变形,且变形程度随着雷诺数和迎角的增大而增大,其中该扭转变形会使蜻蜓滑翔的实际迎角减小;由于产生了使迎角减少的扭转变形,使得在迎角为5°～30°滑翔时,升力系数减少了9％ ～45％,失速迎角增大10°以上;小迎角滑翔时,升力系数随速度增大而减小,大迎角滑翔时,升力系数与速度无明显相关性;大迎角滑翔时,在气流分离和柔性蜻蜓翼大角度扭转的作用下,上翼面的负压区向后缘移动,增加了负压区面积,增大了失速迎角,有利于提高蜻蜓飞行时的机动性.可见虽然柔性材料虽然会牺牲蜻蜓滑翔时的气动效能,但有助于蜻蜓高速大迎角飞行,提高了蜻蜓的机动性.     

增升装置连式襟翼噪声抑制技术试验研究

针对L1T2翼型增升装置襟翼边缘噪声的特征,设计了两种不同偏角下的连式襟翼模型,通过声学风洞试验,开展了连式襟翼的襟翼边缘噪声的抑制技术研究。试验采用传声器相位阵列以及远场线阵,结合波束形成、声压级积分、频谱分析等方法,测量了不同襟翼偏角和迎角下连式襟翼的降噪效果。研究表明：襟翼偏度30°时,襟翼边缘噪声是L1T2翼型増升装置襟翼噪声的主要噪声源,集中在5kHz-16kHz频率范围内;襟翼偏度30°时,连式襟翼的噪声效果明显,部分频率下的最大降噪量可达9dB;此外,连式襟翼的降噪效果随着迎角的增大略有减小。     

翼梢小翼对某民机着陆构型的气动特性影响

本文针对某民机着陆构型,通过CFD方法研究了翼梢小翼对该着陆构型气动特性的影响,结果表明：加小翼后,能提高该民机着陆构型的升力系数,小迎角时抑制主翼梢部分离,阻力减小,但大迎角时使得主翼梢部分离扩大,阻力增加,且静稳定性变差。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the