正极自支撑的聚合物电解质的制备

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯为聚合物基质,采用直接挥发溶剂法制备正极自支撑的聚合物电解质,并以锂为负极制备LiCoO2聚合物电池.用扫描电子显微镜和循环伏安实验对聚合物电解质进行表征,用红外光谱分析了电解质微孔的形成机理,并对聚合物电池的充放电性能和界面阻抗进行测试。结果表明:直接挥发溶剂制得的聚合物电解质孔穴丰富,电化学稳定窗口达5.5 V.采用正极自支撑电解质可改善材料的力学性能,降低电池的界面阻抗;制备的聚合物电池界面性质稳定,循环40次后容量保持率为97.5%,0.5C和1C倍率放电分别能保持0.1C放电容量的97.8%和95.7%.     

不同碳源对LiFePO4／C复合正极材料电化学性能的影响

取不同碳源(蔗糖、葡萄糖、聚乙烯醇)原料,采用两步固相法制备LiFePO4/C复合锂离子电池正极材料,对其进行XRD和电化学性能测试.XRD分析表明,所制产物均为单一相的橄榄石型晶体结构;恒流充放电测试结果显示,覆碳后的LiFePO4/C放电比容量和循环性能均得到明显改善,添加聚乙烯醇的LiFePO4/C首次放电容量达142.9 mA·h·g -1,充放电循环20 周后,其放电容量仍为143.1 mA·h·g-1.     

LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料的制备及其表征

利用机械球磨对前驱体进行活化处理.在940℃于空气气氛中烧结12 h制备层状结构LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料.通过XRD,SEM和电化学性能测试对所制备材料的结构、形貌及电化学性能进行表征.结果表明,所合成的材料为单相的六方层状结构;产物一次粒子粒径均匀,为1～2 μm,二次团聚颗粒平均粒径为10 μm左右;在2.75～4.3 V电压区间,所制备的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2以0.2C(C为充放电倍率)进行恒电流充放电,首次放电容量达146.3 mA·h·g-1;在倍率为0.4C,0.8C,1.6C和2.0C时的放电容量分别为135.2,130.1,125.8和114.7mA·h·g-1,倍率放电性能优良;在倍率为0.2C时经过30次循环,材料放电容量和容量保持率分别为143.3 mA·h·g-1和98%,循环稳定性好.     

锂硫电池正极用硫碳复合材料的制备和电化学研究

采用优化合成的高比表面积和多微孔结构的活性炭,通过加热的方法使单质硫升华并沉积到活性炭微孔中,得到锂硫电池正极用硫碳复合材料.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和比表面积表征复合材料的结构、表面形貌和比表面特性.循环伏安测试表明,复合材料在2.05V和2.35V时存在两个还原峰,在2.4V时存在一个氧化峰.充放电循环实验表明,单质硫在100mA·g-1的电流密度下首次放电比容量高达1352.5mA·h·g-1,硫的利用率达到了80.9%,循环40周后比容量还保持在800.7mA·h·g-1,表现出良好的循环稳定性.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.3Co0.4Mn0.3O2的制备及性能

采用共沉淀法制备前驱体,并采用高温固相法合成单相层状结构LiNi0.3Co0.4Mn0.3O2 材料(R-3m 空间群).用X 射线衍射、恒电流充放电方法对所合成材料与LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 材料进行结构和电化学性能对比分析.研究结果表明,LiNi0.3Co0.4Mn0.3O2 具有有序的二维层状结构,在2.75～4.3 V 电压区间以0.1C 倍率进行充放电,首次放电容量、效率分别为152.3 mA·h/g 和84.4%,LiNi0.3Co0.4Mn0.3O2 具有更高的放电平台率,首次放电时3.6 V平台率为95.0%;以0.2C 倍率进行30 次充放电循环后,放电容量保持率为初始容量的97.4%.     

流变相法合成尖晶石型LixMn2O4及其电化学性能

以LiNO3和电解MnO2为原料,以含羟基有机溶剂和水的混合溶液为分散剂,采用流变相法合成尖晶石型LixMn2O4,用XRD,TG-DTA等技术表征了其结构与性能.结果表明,在煅烧温度为760 ℃时,所得化合物为Mn的平均价态为3.5左右的尖晶石型锂锰氧化合物,该化合物具有良好的电化学性能,呈现出4.05 V和3.95 V两个放电平台,并很好的电压稳定性,首次放电容量达117 mA*h*g-1,充放电效率大于90%,循环20次后,放电容量约为102 mA*h*g-1.     

掺杂聚合物电解质膜性能

以型号为Kynar2801的PVDF-HFP(偏氟乙烯-六氟丙稀共聚物)为基质,制备了掺杂微米TiO2粉体的聚合物锂离子电池用多孔电解质隔膜,并采用SEM、XRD、交流阻抗法以及充放电测试等测试手段研究分析该电解质膜的物理及电化学性能. 实验结果表明:掺入质量分数6.5%的微米TiO2聚合物电解质膜的室温离子电导率为1.66×10-3S·cm-1,拉伸强度为2.78MPa;在以掺杂电解质膜为隔膜的锂离子电池中,分别以28,70,140,280mA·g-1的电流密度放电时,正极材料LiCoO2的放电容量分别为140.6,127.48,120.25,99.17mAh·g-1.     

低温熔盐法合成球形LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2研究

采用低温熔盐法合成了锂离子电池正极材料Li Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2,并就低温熔盐0.62xLi NO3-0.38xLi OH-(1-x)CH3COOLi.2 H2O的具体比例、焙烧温度和焙烧时间对材料的影响进行了对比研究.XRD结果表明以x=0.6的低温共熔盐,经3阶段温度烧结(200℃,3 h;600℃,制备的样品的α-NaFeO2层状结构发育的较为完备.SEM扫描显示材料是由许多片状晶体构成的球形颗粒.材料在2.8～4.3 V范围内充放电,倍率为0.2 C时,首次放电比容量为173.6 mA.h.g-1,循环20次后容量保留97.4%;倍率为1 C时,首放126.0 mA.h.g-1,循环20次后容量保留94.1%.     

无粘结剂V2O5纳米线/CNT电极的制备及电化学性能

把羧化的碳纳米管与水热法合成的V2O5纳米线混合超声处理后,直接真空抽滤得到无粘结剂V2O5纳米线/CNT纸.对加入不同含量的碳纳米管的样品,综合考虑比容量和循环性能,其中m（V2O5）∶m（CNT）=1∶1样品的电化学性能最好.当电流密度为30 mA·g-1时,首次放电比容量能达到290.6 mAh·g-1,接近于V2O5的理论比容量,10次循环以后为265.4mAh·g-1,容量保持率为91.32％.当电流密度为600 mA·g-1,首次放电比容量71.2 mAh·g-1,第10次循环为62.5 mA·g-1,容量保持率可达87.8％.     

磷酸铁锂在不同醇溶液中的溶剂热合成及其电化学性能

分别以乙醇、乙二醇以及丙三醇/水为溶剂,采用溶剂热法合成橄榄石结构的磷酸亚铁锂(LiFePO4)。运用XRD,SEM和FTIR等手段,对产物晶体结构、颗粒形貌和表面微观结构进行表征,探讨溶剂热合成LiFePO4时不同溶剂对产物形貌和结构的影响,同时运用恒流充放电测试和循环伏安方法对所得产物的电化学性能进行研究。研究结果表明:以乙二醇为溶剂合成的LiFePO4呈均匀片状结构,具有粒度小、厚度薄的特点,这种结构缩短了锂离子的扩散距离,有利于电化学性能的提高,其0.1C倍率放电比容量达到161.7 mA.h/g,1C倍率放电时容量仍保持132.6 mA.h/g;在0.1C倍率下,50次循环后容量保持率为98.02%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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