不同体外培养条件对牛体外受精胚胎质量影响的研究

研究探讨了不同体外培养条件下牛体外受精胚胎的发育速度及囊胚细胞数，从而了解不同体外培养系统对牛体外受精胚胎质量的影响，实验一中伴体外受精卵分别在ＳＯＦ＋牛输卵管上皮细胞（ＢＯＥＣ）和ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＢＯＥＣ两种培养系统内培养，在这两种培养条件下囊胚发育率分别为２２．２％和２１．２％，囊胚细胞数分别为１１３．３±５．０和９７．９±８．３，受精后第６～９ｄ的囊胚出现率分别为４０．１％，３７．０％，１９．     

昆明鼠胚胎干细胞的分离培养与鉴定

目的：从昆明系小鼠的早期胚胎分离和培养胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)．方法：收集小鼠3．5d胚龄的囊胚，将其培养在小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层上，5—6d后取隆起生长的内细胞团块分离后再培养，观察集落的生长情况并通过碱性磷酸酶染色、原位杂交、细胞核型分析等对细胞集落进行鉴定．结果：KS细胞集落性生长，符合小鼠胚胎干细胞的一系列特性．结论：昆明系小鼠囊胚在胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层上可以发育成ES细胞，并能进行传代培养．     

The Effects of Different Culture Systems on the Quality of Bovine In Vitro Fertilized Embryos

研究探讨了不同体外培养条件下牛体外受精胚胎的发育速度及囊胚细胞数，从而了解不同体外培养系统对牛体外受精胚胎质量的影响．实验一中将体外受精卵分别在ＳＯＦ＋牛输卵管上皮细胞（ＢＯＥＣ）和ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＢＯＥＣ两种培养系统内培养，在这两种培养条件下囊胚发育率分别为２２．２％和２１．２％，囊胚细胞数分别为１１３．３±５．０和９７．９±８．３，受精后第６～９ｄ的囊胚出现率分别为４０．１％ａ、３７．０％、１９．２％ｂ、２．７％和１３．５％ｃ、３２．７％、３６．５％ｄ、１７．３％（ａ＞ｃ，Ｐ＜０．０１，ｄ＞ｂ，Ｐ＜０．０５），表明牛体外受精卵在ＳＯＦ＋ＢＯＥＣ中的发育速度快于在ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＢＯＥＣ中．实验二中将体外受精卵分别培养于ＳＯＦ＋ＢＯＥＣ、ＳＯＦ＋牛卵丘细胞、ＳＯＦ＋ＢＳＡ三种培养系统中，结果囊胚发育率分别为３５．５％ｅ、２９．４％和２２．４％ｆ（ｅ＞ｆ，Ｐ＜０．０１），囊胚细胞数分别为１１７．３±８．０ｇ、９４．２±９．３和９０．２±９．４ｈ（ｇ＞ｈ，Ｐ＜０．０５）．实验三观察了体外受精胚胎在ＳＯＦ＋ＢＯＥＣ培养条件下发育速度与囊胚细胞数的关系，结果第６～９ｄ的囊胚细胞数分别为１１０．８±１０．２ｉ、１２８．     

自然杀伤（NK）细胞在免疫缺陷小鼠体内的研究进展

为了研究自然杀伤细胞对正常人及人类恶性淋巴造血细胞的排斥作用，将严重的联合免疫缺陷突变小鼠或ｂｅｉｇｅ小鼠分别与Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ小鼠杂交。Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ－ｓｃｉｄ小鼠显示成熟的Ｔ、Ｂ细胞严重丢失并伴随ＮＫ１．１细胞的百分比增加。虽然２月龄内的小鼠血清免疫球蛋白含量甚微，但７．５月龄的小鼠均可检出免疫球蛋白。Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ－ｓｃｉｄ／ｓｃｉｄ小鼠与Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ＋／＋对照组小鼠比较，溶血性补体     

绒山羊胚胎的体外培养,冷冻保存和移植的研究

采用体外培养和冷冻保存的方法将起排处理后的绒山羊２～８细胞期胚胎经体外在Ｍ１９９＋ＦＣＳ（对照组）、Ｍ１９９＋ＯＥＣ＋ＦＣＳ、Ｍ１９９＋ＯＥＣ＋ＥＮＧＳ和，Ｍ１９９＋ＯＥＣ＋ＮＳＳ的培养基中分别进行培养以后，选取发育为桑椹胚和早期囊胚期胚胎分别以１０％Ｇｌｙ、１０％ＥＧ为防冻剂和玻璃化方法进行冷冻保存，并将用常规和玻璃化法冷冻保存的胚胎解冻后进行移植．结果表明，体外培养胚胎的囊胚的发育率在四个培养处理组中分别为１２．５％、７０．６％、８１．８％和７３．９％，对照组与添加ＯＥＣ处理组之间具有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），囊胚发育率在添加ＦＣＳ、ＥＮＧＳ和ＮＳＳ的实验组之间无明显差异．经冷冻保存的桑椹胚和早期囊胚的冷冻解冻胚的形态正常率在甘油、乙二醇和玻璃化三个冷冻处理组中分别为７５．０％、８６．７％和７５．０％，发育率分别为５８．３％、７８．８％和８０．０％．冷冻解冻胚的移植妊娠率在三个处理组中分别为５０％、７５％和５０％，产羔率分别为３０％、６８．８％和５０％．采用乙二醇冷冻绒山羊胚胎产生的效果优于甘油和玻璃化方法的冷冻效果。     

克服昆明小鼠早胚2-细胞阻滞的研究

目的：评价两种培养液对昆明小鼠胚胎２－细胞阻滞的克服效果。方法：用添加１５％ＦＣＳ或ＢＳＡ的Ｍ１６和ＣＺＢ培养液培养昆明小鼠２－细胞胚胎和体外受精卵,以观察这两种培养液对昆明小鼠早胚发育的影响及在克服昆明小鼠２－细胞阻滞中的作用,并通过ＣＺＢ培养液中葡萄糖成份的增减,了解其作用及效应的时间。结果：添加ＦＣＳ的Ｍ１６和ＣＺＢ培养注均能较好地支持２－细胞胚胎发育到囊胚（７８．９％,７２．７％）,当进行     

共培养法获得MC15—昆明嵌合鼠

嵌合鼠的获得是通过ＥＳ细胞途径得到转基因小鼠的关键环节。以ＭＣ１５为供体ＥＳ细胞，用昆明品系小鼠８细胞期的胚胎为受体胚胎，采用共培养方法我们获得了２只毛色嵌合鼠。通过与囊胚显微注射法比较，表明这种方法是方便可行的。     

不同体外培养系统对牛体外受精胚胎冷冻解冻后孵化能力的影响

采用ＳＯＦ和ＴＣＭ１９９与输卵管上皮细胞共同培养系统对牛体外受精卵进行培养,观察了在这两种培养条件下得到的囊胚经冷冻—解冻后的孵化能力．在ＳＯＦ＋输卵管上皮细胞的培养条件下,囊胚的发育率为２１．３％,囊胚经冷冻—解冻后的孵化率为３７．５％;在ＴＣＭ１９９＋输卵管上皮细胞的培养条件下,囊胚的发育率为２６．０％,囊胚经冷冻—解冻后的孵化率为４７．７％．研究结果表明这两种体外培养系统的培养效果无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．     

三种小鼠血液生理生化正常值的测定

本文通过对三种小鼠－ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ、Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ近交系小鼠和昆明远交群小鼠的血液学和血液生化指标进行测定。其结果：⑴血液学指标：ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ近交系小鼠的嗜中性白细胞、淋巴细胞雌雄间差异显著;Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ近交系小鼠、昆明小鼠雌雄间差异不显著;昆明小鼠的白细胞比ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ、Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ近交系小鼠的低;ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ近交系小鼠的单核细胞、嗜酸性白细胞、嗜碱性白细胞记数比Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ近交系小     

国产试剂配制的培养液对小鼠早期胚胎培养效果的研究

本实验用 Whitten 的小鼠早期胚胎培养法验证了国产试剂配制培养液对小鼠早期胚胎体外培养的效果。实验表明,在用国产试剂配制的小鼠早期胚胎培养液中,2—细胞胚胎能正常发育到囊胚阶段。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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