大气压下针状电极电晕放电静电消除效果实测与特性研究

为了研究高压静电消电效果和静电防护有效性,采用离子化测试方法,对影响大气压下针状电极电晕放电的电压、频率、消电距离、电极间隙、平衡电压等因素进行了系统测试与分析.结果表明,交流高压电晕放电在频率[1.8 kHz,2.0 kHz]区间内具有最佳消电效果;直流和脉冲高压电晕消电具有明显逆带电现象,且消电效果随电压升高、消电距离减小而提高.      

一种高压脉冲电源设计

为研究高压脉冲脉宽及频率对介质阻挡放电效果的影响,文章设计了一款功率1kW、幅值5kV、脉宽1~20μs可调、频率15~25kHz范围可调的单向高压脉冲电源。与传统高压脉冲电源多采用工频升压加磁压缩开关或旋转火花隙获取高压脉冲能耗较大且不易控制不同,该电源主电路采用半桥式拓扑结构,以SG3525作为脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)主控芯片,利用LCC串并联谐振软开关技术,大大降低开关损耗并能有效降低高频脉冲变压器分布参数影响。测试结果表明,该脉冲高压电源满足介质阻挡放电实验要求。     

高精度高压脉冲电源原理与实验研究

在脉冲电场非热效应应用中，高精度高压脉冲电源是关键技术之一。利用大功率开关器件(IGBT)配合脉冲升压变压器可以得到高精度高压脉冲电源。该电源通过复杂可编程逻辑器件(CPLD)来产生脉冲触发信号，经大功率IGBT专用驱动模块驱动，可以实现脉冲电压在0～10kV，脉冲频率在10Hz～5kHz，脉冲宽度在2～30μs以及脉冲个数在1～100内的精确控制，并可实现脉冲宽度以1μs为步长增减，可以满足脉冲电场非热效应应用的参数要求。     

高压脉冲放电等离子体处理酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水的实验研究

研究多针-板电极形式的高压脉冲放电等离子体体系对酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水的脱色效果,并研究脱色机理.结果表明,实验中所采用的多针-板电极形式的高压脉冲放电等离子体体系对酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水的脱色效果明显.在相同的脉冲电压下,系统的脉冲频率、电极间距以及溶液初始pH值和初始浓度等因素对溶液的脱色效果影响显著.在脉冲电压为30 kV,脉冲频率为75 Hz,电极间距为2.5 cm的实验条件下,反应体系放电60 min对酸性橙Ⅱ的脱色率可达92.7%.此项研究结论为进一步研究多针-板电极形式的高压脉冲放电等离子体体系的放电作用提供了依据.     

电晕放电辐射场实验研究

针对带高压物体的电晕放电辐射信号的时域、频域特征开展研究,对静电电晕放电电流、辐射场进行了理论分析,设计完成了静电电晕放电电流及辐射信号实验.研究发现,不同极性电晕放电的辐射场波形测试有明显差别:实验条件为负极性时,先发生电晕放电,但正极性放电发生时,脉冲幅值比负极性时大;负电晕电流脉冲波形的上升时间小于正电晕电流.实验结构不同,电晕放电辐射场的特征不同:利用电晕放电针与直流高压源直接相连的实验结构得到的放电波形的上升时间为十几个ns,频率分布集中在20～100 MHz;利用孤立导体电晕放电实验结构得到的放电波形的上升时间为几个ns,频率分布集中在200～600 MHz.结论对于研究带高压物体的电晕放电辐射信号特征具有很好的参考价值.     

单针-板电极电晕-介质阻挡放电特性研究

研究以玻璃纤维为填充介质的单针-板电极的电晕-介质阻挡放电特性,测量了放电电压、电流波形,计算了放电功率,比较了有、无玻璃纤维填充时放电电流的差别及放电功率随放电间隙距离、电容电流、放电电压的变化关系,分析了填充介质对针-板电极的电晕-介质阻挡放电特性的影响.研究结果表明:大气压条件下纯空气间隙与有玻璃纤维介质填充时的针-板电极的电晕-介质阻挡放电相比:①后者的放电的起始电压更低,放电功率更大;②后者连续放电电流显著减小,而放电脉冲数量和脉冲电流幅值显著增加;③后者负电晕放电有非常明显的放电脉冲,而前者则主要表现为连续的放电电流.     

单极性脉冲电源结合介质阻挡放电降解VOCs

将单极性脉冲高压电源引入介质放电阻挡反应器(螺旋棒式不锈钢电极、石英玻璃介质),分别对氯苯和甲苯的分解特性进行实验.结果发现,这种放电形式可以高效注入能量,兼有脉冲电晕放电和介质阻挡放电的特点.高压脉冲电压使电场强度急剧增强,产生瞬间大功率放电和高能粒子,可以实现对VOCs化学键的高效裂解,从而提高对挥发性有机化合物的降解作用.此外,实验还表明,在相同条件下,氯苯比甲苯难以分解.     

脉冲电晕技术降低柴油机微粒排放的实验研究

利用线－筒式荷电装置和高压窄脉冲电源来降低柴油机的微粒排放，分析了不同电源电压和脉冲频率下排气微粒的脱除效率，并在不同转速和负荷下进行了实验研究。研究结果表明，电源电压和脉冲频率是影响微粒脱除效率的两个主要因素，其中电源电压是最主要的影响因素，利用脉冲电晕放电降低柴油机的微粒排放效率明显的，是一种很有发展前途的控制尾气排放的新技术。     

脉冲电晕对燃煤烟气中NO和SO_2的脱除研究

利用手烧炉燃煤所产生的烟气和高压脉冲电源，研究脉冲电晕放电对真实烟气中ＮＯ和ＳＯ２的脱除规律，结果表明：随着脉冲电压和脉冲重复频率的增大，电晕对ＮＯ和ＳＯ２的氧化脱除量增大，但随烟气流速的增大（即处理时间缩短）而变小；负脉冲电晕对ＮＯ和ＳＯ２的氧化脱除量比正脉冲电晕的低；当氨浓度为ＳＯ２浓度的４～５倍时，氨本身对ＳＯ２的脱除效率可达到８８％，但氨本身对ＮＯ没有脱除作用；在氨本身对ＮＯ和ＳＯ２脱除的情况下，脉冲电晕放电促使了ＮＯ脱除，但若氨不过量（能完全被ＳＯ２吸收），则放电对ＳＯ２没有进一步的脱除作用。     

高压变频电源作用下的油纸绝缘局部放电特性

为研究直流输电电压下的油纸绝缘特性,设计并搭建了交流变频高压试验电源系统,并设计制作了典型的油纸绝缘局部放电试品模型,即纸板内部气隙放电、油中纸板沿面放电和油中金属尖端电晕放电模型,针对不同频率电压作用下的同一试品,进行局部放电测量,通过分析获得了局部放电随电压频率升高发生相位、幅值、等变化的放电规律.试验与分析结果表明,随外施电源频率增加及电压幅值升高,局部放电次数增高,能量有所增强,亦即随频率的增加油纸绝缘结构受到局部放电的威胁越严重.研究结果对直流输电系统中的换流变、平波电抗器等油纸绝缘在谐波电压作用下绝缘结构设计有指导意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with