三色堇(Viola tricolor L.var.hortensis DC.)花蜜腺的亚显微结构

本文用透射和扫描电镜对三色堇花不同发育时期蜜腺进行了研究,了解到该植物花蜜中糖份主要来源于蜜腺分泌组织自身的光合产物;内质网参与了前蜜的加工和运输;质膜的啜入和反啜入作用是分泌组织细胞间前蜜传递的主要方式;蜜最后通过表皮细胞质膜的分子渗透作用而排放出体外;表皮细胞向外的指状突起是蜜汁分泌的主要部位。     

三色堇(Viola tricolor L.var.hortensis DC.)花蜜腺的亚显微结构

本文用透射和扫描电镜对三色堇花不同发育时期蜜腺进行了研究,了解到该植物花蜜中糖份主要来源于蜜腺分泌组织自身的光合产物;内质网参与了前蜜的加工和运输;质膜的啜入和反啜入作用是分泌组织细胞间前蜜传递的主要方式;蜜最后通过表皮细胞质膜的分子渗透作用而排放出体外;表皮细胞向外的指状突起是蜜汁分泌的主要部位.     

Ammonium improves iron nutrition by decreasing leaf apoplastic pH of sunflower plants （Helianthus annuus L.cv. Frankasol）

The effect of nitrogen form on pH and concentration of soluble iron (Fe) in leaf apoplast was investigated in hydrophonically grown sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Frankasol), and the mechantqn underlying the improved Fe nutrition by ammonium (NI‘I4) supply was also elucidated. Ammonium supply ameliorated Fe nutrition of plants grown without Fe through decreasing apoplastic pH and increasing soluble Fe concentration in apoplastic fluid of young leaves. The soluble Fe concentration in apoplastic fluid and cell sap of young leaves, and xylem exudates of NH4 fed-plants was higher than that of nitrate (NO3) fed-plants,and no typical Fe-deficiency chlorosis in young leaves was observed in NH4 fed plant without Fe supply. The apoplastic pH was 6.15 and 5.94 in young leaves of Fe-deficient plants fed respectively with NO3 and NH4, while in Fe-sufficient plants, the apoplastic pH was 6.43 with NO3, and 5.50 with NH4 supply. In primary leaves, the apoplastic pH was around 6.25 irrespective of nitrogen form and Fe supply. The pH of xylem exudate was 5.72 in Fe-deficient plants fed with NO3 and 5.49 with NH4. Iron nutrition increased the pH of xylem exudate by 0.27 and 0.16 unit under NO3 and NH4 supply resnectivelv.     

Microbial control of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. （Lepidoptera： Yponomeutidae） using bacteria （Xenorhabdus nematophila） and its metabolites from the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae

Cells and cell-free solutions of the culture filtrate of the bacterial symbiont, Xenorhabdus nematophila taken from the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae in aqueous broth suspensions were lethal to larvae of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella. Their application on leaves of Chinese cabbage indicated that the cells can penetrate into the insects in the absence of the nematode vector. Cell-free solutions containing metabolites were also proved as effective as bacterial cells suspension. The application of aqueous suspensions of cells of X.nematophila or solutions containing its toxic metabolites to the leaves represents a possible new strategy for controlling insect pests on foliage.