纳米TiO2降解源复合型农药制剂

采用压电石英微天平技术研究了有机农药甲基对硫磷在经硬脂酸改性前、后纳米TiO2上的吸附行为.研究结果表明:硬脂酸能提高纳米TiO2对非极性有机农药的吸附量,甲基对硫磷分子在改性后的纳米TiO2上的吸附符合Langmuir吸附,最大吸附量Г∞为1.4×10-3mol/g,吸附常数k为5.5×105L/mol;亲脂性农药可与硬脂酸改性后的纳米TiO2形成稳定的复合体,复合纳米TiO2农药制剂可在太阳光照下自行降解,在农作物体内的残留期大大缩短,且复合纳米TiO2农药制剂的毒力明显提高,质量分数为10％的纳米乳液的毒力是质量分数为95％的原药毒力的1.68倍.     

TiO_2纳米管对Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)的吸附和光催化还原作用研究

以纳米TiO2为原料,采用水热合成法制备TiO2纳米管.FT-IR表征表明含有较为丰富的羟基;XRD表征表明TiO2纳米管主要为锐钛矿相,有少量的金红石相;BET比表面积为96.5m2.g-1.TiO2纳米管吸附Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)的结果表明,吸附符合朗格缪尔吸附等温线模型,Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)的qmon分别为2.41×10-5、13.3×10-5 mol.g-1,K分别为3.95×103、6.35×103 L.mol-1.在300W的紫外灯照射下进行光催化实验,结果表明反应近似符合一级模型,反应级数与金属离子在TiO2纳米管表面的吸附平衡常数相关;TiO2纳米管对Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)具有较高的光催化活性.     

Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜降解有机染料亚甲基蓝

合成Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜.采用XRD、TEM和磁力线等多种方法对Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜的结构和性能进行表征,并研究Fe2O3纳米粒子复合纤维素膜对亚甲基蓝的降解作用.结果表明：当溶液中H2SO4加量为25.8mol/L、H2O2加量为2.4mol/L时,用5g/L的复合纤维素膜对1.4×10-5 mol/L的亚甲基蓝溶液进行降解,25min内降解率达到100%.     

MWNTs/TiO2对1,2,3-三氯苯的吸附与光降解协同作用研究

以典型氯苯类有机化合物1,2,3-三氯苯(1,2,3-TCB)为目标去除物,研究复合光催化剂MWNTs/TiO2(多壁碳纳米管负载二氧化钛)对其吸附与光催化降解协同作用.结果表明,在不同温度、pH值、复合光催化剂投加量、紫外光光强等影响因素作用条件下,MWNTs对1,2,3-TCB的吸附去除率与纳米TiO2对1,2,3-TCB的光催化降解去除率的叠加理论计算值曲线均在MWNTs/TiO2对1,2,3-TCB吸附与光催化降解共同作用曲线的下方,充分体现了MWNTs/TiO2对1,2,3-TCB的吸附与光降解初始阶段的协同作用.溶液中温度或pH值降低,有利于复合光催化剂对1,2,3-TCB的去除;复合光催化剂投加量增多或紫外光光强增大将提高复合光催化剂对1,2,3-TCB的去除率.     

纳米TiO_2薄膜对痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

应用溶胶-凝胶法,以玻璃为基底,制备了表面结构均匀的纳米TiO2薄膜.SEM和XRD分析结果表明,TiO2薄膜由粒径50 nm左右的锐钛矿TiO2颗粒构成.利用纳米TiO2的表面吸附活性,系统研究了纳米TiO2薄膜对于水中痕量Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附活性.探讨了溶液的pH值、吸附时间、Cu(Ⅱ)初始质量浓度对纳米TiO2薄膜吸附率的影响,确定了最佳吸附条件.纳米TiO2薄膜对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附等温线为"L"型,表现出单分子层吸附特征.1.0 mol/L硝酸可将吸附在薄膜表面的Cu(Ⅱ)洗脱.     

纳米二氧化钛对尿素酶活性的增强效应

分别用粒径为5 nm,25 nm和2.4μm的TiO2吸附尿素酶。在35℃,pH为7的条件下采用电位法测定吸附在TiO2上的尿素酶的活性变化。基于纳米TiO2膜的pH响应,制备尿素酶/纳米TiO2复合膜电极。研究结果表明：纳米TiO2对尿素酶的活性有明显的增强效应,其游离酶及TiO2（粒径分别为5 nm,25 nm和2.4μm）固载酶的米氏常数分别为0.45,0.22,0.28和0.31 mol/L。该复合电极对尿素的检测范围为8.5×10^-5-0.15 mol/L,相关系数为0.993 73,检出限为5×10^-6 mol/L,其使用寿命在35 d后仍能维持38%。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化降解硝基甲苯类废水的试验研究

采用纳米TiO2悬浮体系在循环式光催化反应器中处理硝基甲苯类废水,考察了TiO2投加量,H2O2投加量和pH值对光催化降解效率的影响.结果表明:2,6-二硝基甲苯和4-硝基甲苯的初始浓度分别为100mg/L和60mg/L,TiO2投加量为0.1g/L,H2O2投加量为0.1ml/L,pH值为3时,光催化反应2h,2,6-二硝基甲苯和4-硝基甲苯的去除率最高,分别为58.8%和68.6%.硝基甲苯浓度不高时,光催化降解反应符合准一级动力学方程.     

介孔纳米TiO2/P3HT复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用水热合成法制备出介孔纳米TiO2;将制备的TiO2与聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)通过共混法制备TiO2/P3HT复合微粒;分别以酸性橙II和亚甲蓝为模型有机污染物,考察TiO2以及TiO2/P3HT纳米复合材料在可见光、紫外光和阳光下的光催化活性和光催化稳定性.实验结果表明：P3HT对于介孔纳米TiO2的掺杂能显著改善介孔TiO2的光催化性能.掺杂前,介孔TiO2 在30 min时对于酸性橙II和亚甲蓝的可见光降解率分别为31.26%和47.38%,紫外光降解率分别为39.47%和60.38%,阳光下的降解率分别为64.37%和76.09%;掺杂后,介孔TiO2/P3HT复合材料30 min时对于酸性橙II和亚甲蓝在可见光下的降解率分别为60.09%和71.45%,紫外光下的降解率分别为82.14%和88.61%,阳光下的降解96.62%和99.50%.     

纳米TiO2/介孔ZSM-5协同过硫酸盐光催化降解硝基苯酚废水

以具有介孔结构的ZSM-5沸石分子筛负载纳米TiO2制备出性能良好的复合型催化材料.结合扫描电镜(SEM)、N2吸附-脱附等温线(BET/BJH模型)和X射线衍射进行表征,并将其协同过硫酸盐光催化降解硝基苯酚废水.结果表明:在pH为4.5,催化剂投加量为0.8g/L,,FeSO4为0.8g/L,Na2S2O8为1.6g/L,常温下反应240min,对硝基苯酚(50mg/L)去除率达到98.4%.     

纳米Ag/TiO2对溴虫腈的光催化降解

用紫外杀菌灯为光源,Ag/TiO2,SDS/Ag/TiO2和TiO2作光催化剂对悬浮液中溴虫腈进行光催化降解,并采用高效液相色谱、液-质联用仪和紫外-可见分光光度计对降解过程浓度变化进行分析。研究结果表明:在100mL混合中性溶液中,当溴虫腈质量浓度为100mg/L、催化剂质量浓度为1.0g/L、温度为室温条件下,溴虫腈5h的降解率分别为78%,65%和55%(空白实验为32%)。用上述3种催化剂为光降解源和空白实验制备4种纳米农药水乳剂,于玻璃上涂膜后在相同条件下进行太阳光降解实验,各制剂中溴虫腈降解率分别为62%,53%,34%和13%;在酸性条件下,溴虫腈分子和催化剂的吸附及氢键的形成十分有利,这有利于溴虫腈的降解;紫外光、太阳光下溴虫腈分解的主要中间产物为氯苯,其他中间产物含量较少。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with