多尺度分形多孔介质气体有效扩散系数的数学模型

基于毛细管束假设和分形理论,建立了一种计算多孔介质中气体有效扩散系数的数学模型.利用分形几何理论,引入孔隙面积分形维数、孔道迂曲度分形维数以及孔隙连通性等参数定量表征多孔介质中真实的内部结构,构建出多孔介质、多尺度孔隙结构的分形模型,系统地研究了多孔介质中不同尺度孔隙下的气体扩散过程,推导出了分形多孔介质气体有效扩散系数模型,并分析讨论了多孔介质微结构参数对气体有效扩散系数的影响.研究结果表明,气体有效扩散系数随着平面孔隙度的增大而近似呈线性增加,孔隙面积分形维数与气体有效扩散系数呈正相关,而孔道迂曲度分形维数与气体有效扩散系数呈负相关;不同孔隙度情况下,气体有效扩散系数随着孔隙最小/最大直径比的变化趋势不同,孔隙连通性越强的多孔介质,气体有效扩散系数越大.     

双重分形多孔介质孔隙率的研究

根据双重分形多孔介质孔隙分布分形维数D与孔隙迂曲分形维数DT的定义和计算公式,推导了多孔介质孔隙率的计算公式.通过孔隙率计算公式的函数图像分析了双重分形维数D和DT的变化对孔隙率的影响,分析结果表明孔隙率随多孔介质双重分形维数D和DT的增加而增大;多孔介质最大孔隙直径越大孔隙率增加的就越慢;当D DT＜3时,多孔介质最大孔隙直径越大孔隙率就越大,但当D DT＞3时则相反,多孔介质最大孔隙直径越大孔隙率反而越小,D DT=3是特殊点,令D DT→3时的孔隙率极限值为它的孔隙率.     

基于分形理论的煤层瓦斯渗透率参数估计方法

基于分形理论和达西定律,研究了孔隙的弯曲分形维数和表面积分形维数与瓦斯渗透率参数之间的关系;数值模拟了煤层孔隙的弯曲分形维数和表面积分形维数对瓦斯渗透率参数的影响.研究表明,瓦斯渗透率随着孔隙弯曲分形维的增加而降低,随着孔隙表面分形维和最大毛细管直径的增加而增加;应用分形理论可以获得煤层孔隙发育程度和分布特征比较精确的定量信息.     

川南地区龙马溪组页岩孔隙结构的分形特征

分形维数是多孔介质不规则程度的度量。对川南下志留统龙马溪组页岩的氮气吸附法测量结果分析,采用基于FHH模型的分形维数计算模型,得到龙马溪组页岩孔隙的分形维数。川南龙马溪组页岩具有明显的分形特征及较大的分形维数,分形维数变化范围在2.600 5~2.648,平均为2.625 2。页岩分形维数与页岩比表面积和孔容呈正相关,且页岩中的微孔对页岩分形维数有重要影响。有机质、石英和黏土矿物对页岩分形维数影响较大,长石和碳酸盐对页岩分形维数影响较小;页岩分形维数与有机碳含量和石英含量呈正相关,而与黏土矿物含量呈负相关,其中黏土矿物中伊利石和绿泥石对页岩孔隙结构影响不同。页岩分形维数越大,页岩孔隙结构越复杂或孔隙表面越粗糙,页岩的吸附气体能力越强,但页岩气的解吸、扩散及渗流变得越困难。     

氧化铝上吸附平衡与动力学的分形特性

在实验测定氧化铝吸附氮气的平衡和动力学过程的基础上,由平衡数据得到分形维数,对动力学结果分别用欧氏几何和分形几何的动力学模型进行处理,比较两种方法得到的扩散系数之间的判别。结果表明：粉状氧化铝的分形维数为2．12;采用分形动力学模型得到的扩散系数同欧氏几何扩散模型的结果不同一样,扩散系数不随浓度的变化而改变;而欧氏几何扩散模型中的扩散系数随浓度变化发生改变,且变化符合Darken关系。     

基于Sierpinski地毯的气体扩散规律

采用Sierpinski地毯作为分形孔隙模型,从分子运动理论的角度建立了分形孔隙中的气体扩散模型。在所建模型基础上,研究了分形孔隙中气体扩散的浓度分布规律,并研究了气体温度对气体扩散的影响。结果表明:与已有的多孔介质气体扩散线性模型不同,Sierpinski地毯孔隙中气体浓度分布具有非线性的特点,总体趋势沿总浓度梯度方向递减而中间略有波动;通过分形介质的气体分子流量与温度的1/2次方成简单线性关系,且其斜率与分形介质分形维数及孔隙率有关。     

基于Sierpinski地毯的气体扩散规律

采用Sierpinski地毯作为分形孔隙模型,从分子运动理论的角度建立了分形孔隙中的气体扩散模型。在所建模型基础上,研究了分形孔隙中气体扩散的浓度分布规律,并研究了气体温度对气体扩散的影响。结果表明:与已有的多孔介质气体扩散线性模型不同,Sierpinski地毯孔隙中气体浓度分布具有非线性的的特点,总体趋势沿总浓度梯度方向递减而中间略有波动;通过分形介质的气体分子流量与温度的1/2次方成简单线性关系,且其斜率与分形介质分形维数及孔隙率有关。     

基于氮气吸附法的渝东南下寒武统页岩孔隙的分形特征

 分形维数是多孔介质不规则程度的度量,以渝东南下寒武统页岩的氮气吸附法测量结果为研究对象,采用FHH 模型的分形维数计算方法,得到渝东南下寒武统页岩的分形维数。研究结果表明,渝东南下寒武统页岩孔隙的分形维数具有明显孔径分界点,即具有双重分形特征,小孔隙分形维数D₁变化范围在2.3559~2.6577,平均值为2.488,大孔隙分形维数D₂变化范围在2.5971~2.8746,平均值为2.7631;大孔隙分形维数的平均值大于小孔隙分形维数的平均值,说明大孔隙结构的复杂程度大于小孔隙结构的复杂程度;页岩孔隙的分形维数与有机碳（TOC）含量、吸附气量、比表面积和孔容呈正相关,其中与孔隙的比表面积和孔容的相关性显著,而与黏土矿物含量呈弱负相关。     

用分段回归方法计算孔隙结构的分形维数

储层岩石的孔隙空间具有良好的分形特征,孔隙结构的分形维数可以用来定量描述孔隙结构的复杂程度。应用分形几何的原理,推导了储层岩石不同孔隙分布和毛细管压力曲线的分形几何模型。根据毛管压力曲线资料,用分段回归的方法计算了不同孔隙结构的分形维数。计算结果表明,用分段回归方法计算孔隙结构的分形维数能更好地反映孔隙结构的实际情况。若孔隙大小相差不大,孔隙结构的分形维数相等或比较接近;若孔隙大小相差较大、非均质性较强,得到的孔隙结构分形维数不同。     

多孔介质微观孔隙结构分形特征及分形系数的意义

依据孔隙结构的球体模型和毛管束模型 ,推导出两种模型的孔隙体积表达式和两种模型分形维数间的关系式。计算结果表明 ,基于毛管束模型的分形维数总比基于球体模型计算的分形维数小 1,分形系数的物理意义在于它反映了孔隙的发育程度。基于毛管束模型 ,利用压汞数据计算了西峰油田长 8储层多孔介质微观孔隙的分形维数 ,同时给出了分形维数与孔隙度、渗透率等地层参数的关系曲线。分析结果表明 ,该区孔隙结构具有分形特征 ,分形维数为 1～ 2。分形维数越大 ,多孔介质微观孔隙分布的非均质性越强 ;分形系数越大 ,孔隙越发育 ,储层物性越好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that