利用菌渣栽培草菇的试验

将不同种类的菌渣(香菇、平菇、金针菇)处理后加入辅料作栽培基质,用于草菇的栽培,结果表明:经过简单处理的菌渣栽培草菇,与传统的稻草栽培配方相比,有菌丝生长快、产量高、成本低等优点,其中金针菇菌渣栽培草菇的生物转化率达到22.6%,比传统稻草栽培料高出15.7%,说明菌渣用于生产草菇菌种是可行并有良好效果的。     

禾本科干草栽培平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)的试验研究

利用蟋蟀草属、马唐属、狗尾草属等禾本科干草栽培平菇,粉碎度以3～5cm为宜,料水比例以1:1.5为佳.菌丝满袋时间为32.2d,比纯棉籽壳处理提前10d,用干草栽培平菇无污染,生物学效率达145.1%以上.     

牛粪栽培杏鲍菇的研究

以牛粪和米糠配比加适量的食用菌栽培废料探索杏鲍菇栽培,能够更好利用废弃资源,降低其对环境影响。本试验用牛粪、米糠和食用菌栽培废料作为栽培原料进行杏鲍菇栽培实验。结果表明牛粪、米糠及食用菌栽培废料按照一定比例搭配可以替代玉米芯为主料的栽培杏鲍菇。结果表明:牛粪38%,废料30%,米糠30%,碳酸钙1%,石膏1%的菌盖大小、菌柄长度、菌柄粗细和鲜菇重量最好,配方4次之,而用牛粪和废料配方7的各个指标都是最差。说明牛粪、食用菌栽培废料和米糠按照一定比例搭配可以用于杏鲍菇栽培,并能降低成本提高经济效益。     

平茹废基质再利用试验

平茹废基质含粗蛋白10.2%、粗脂肪O.42%、粗纤维25.1%、灰分9.2%、还有较丰富的维生素及游离氨基酸等.据估测,棉籽壳栽培平茹一个周期,只开发了50%的利用价值.但这种营养丰富的平茹废基质,大部分被废弃了,极少部分用作禽畜饲料添加剂或作为辅料栽培其它菌类.为了提高平菇废基质的利用价值,本试验以平茹废基质为主料,重复栽培平菇,获得较好的效果,现报告如下:     

高寒地区鸡腿蘑的人工栽培研究

本文报道利用多种配方、多种方法,对鸡腿蘑在高寒地区的栽培研究,分别以玉米芯、青梨杆、玉米秸、锯木屑、平菇菌糠等作为对鸡腿蘑的袋料主料、发酵料、采用畦栽等的研究获得成功,为鸡腿蘑在类似马尔康的高地区多种栽培方式提供了科学依据。     

稻草瓶栽猴头菇高产技术

猴头菇人工栽培，每年秋、冬、春三季均可进行，有条件的可全年种植。现将用稻草瓶栽猴头菇的主要技术介绍如下：（1）原料稻草75％、麦麸20％、花生壳粉2％，石膏粉、白糖和过磷酸钙各1％，另加维生素B10．5％；稻草49％、玉米芯49％、过磷酸钙和石膏粉各1％。稻草要选用干燥、无霉变、色泽金黄的陈年草，先曝晒1－2天，然后将稻草和玉米芯分别碎成粉，加水拌料至含水量60％－65％。气候干燥时，含水量可适当高些。《2）装瓶灭菌装瓶时要边装边压实，做到上紧下松、外紧内松。装至瓶肩1／3处，然后用直径2－3cm的木棒在瓶中央插一个深约5c…     

棚膜平菇栽培技术

平菇是我国栽培量最大的食用菌,其产量占全国食用菌总产量的23.75%,平菇具有高蛋白、低脂肪的特点,深受广大消费者喜爱,具有广阔的市场前景。河南是平菇栽培大省,平菇栽培量遍及全省各地,栽培量位居全国第一。平菇栽培主要利用棉籽壳、玉米芯等农副产品下脚料,而且多在农闲的秋冬季节栽培,是农民增加收入的最有效途径。     

用稻草、猪粪、米糠堆积发酵栽培平菇的试验初报

通过把稻草、猪粪.米糠堆积发酵17天后,用来栽培平菇2106,发现对栽培料的除菌效果很好,发菌45天后开始出菇,生物转化率为152.4%,经济效益好,不用灭菌灶,所需设施简单,操作方便易行,而且稻草、猪粪.米糠在农村非常便于收集.该方法适合在农村中推广。     

芦笋老茎培养料对姬松茸产量、多糖含量和抗氧化性的影响

设计了以芦笋老茎为主料,棉籽壳、玉米芯、干牛粪和杂木屑为辅料的4种培养料栽培姬松茸,玉米秸秆培养料作为对照.结果表明姬松茸在芦笋老茎和玉米秸秆培养料上的产量没有明显差异(P＜0.05);添加棉籽壳或干牛粪的芦笋老茎培养料其姬松茸产量明显高于添加杂木屑或玉米芯的芦笋老茎培养料(P＜0.05).芦笋老茎培养料上栽培得到的姬松茸子实体的抗氧化性明显高于对照培养料上栽培得到的子实体的抗氧化性(P＜0.05),但多糖含量却明显低于对照(P＜0.05);4种辅料对姬松茸子实体的多糖含量和抗氧化性有一定的影响.     

莲子壳——一种栽培平菇的新材料

<正> 平菇是我地栽培最多的食用菌,自80年代起一直以棉子壳做栽培主料,由于棉子壳的价格不断上涨,现在每吨价格达1000元。为了降低生产成本,人们一直寻找本地区及其附近低成本的原料以取而代之。如用杉木屑、稻草等。它们都能和棉子壳按一定比例混合使用,也能降低一定的生产成本。但是,杉木屑的处理费工时、稻草所种菇的口味不好,所以不能形成规模。近两年来,我们利用莲子壳做主要原料,无需添加价格昂贵的麸皮,只需加一部分杉木屑、棉子壳、石灰等。用此配方种值平菇,有着明显的经济效益。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with