基于网络药理学探究百合抗抑郁的作用机制

通过网络药理学的方法探究百合抗抑郁的作用机制.利用中药系统药理学技术平台(TCMSP)等数据库,以生物利用度(OB)≥30%、类药性(DL)≥0.18为条件筛选百合活性成分及抗抑郁的靶点,构建成分-靶点、关键靶点蛋白网互作图、靶点基因GO富集及KEGG通路分析.结果表明,通过筛选获得7个符合标准的活性成分、85个与抑郁相关的靶点,GO富集分析得到17个生物学功能,KEGG通路分析得到11条显著富集的通路.百合通过多靶点、多通路、多成分发挥抗抑郁的作用,可能是通过胆碱能突触、神经活性配体-受体、p53信号通路、钙信号通路等信号通路发挥复杂的调节作用.     

基于BATMAN-TCM在线分析平台研究牛黄药理机制

目的基于BATMAN-TCM在线分析平台研究牛黄(calculus bovis)主要活性成分及药理机制。方法从BATMAN-TCM数据库中提取牛黄化学成分,以Score cutoff≥20和P≤0.05筛选活性成分并找出对应靶点,分析靶点富集的信号通路与疾病,构建活性成分-靶点-通路-疾病网络,预测牛黄多维药理作用机制。结果获得麦角胺、去氧胆酸、牛磺酸、胆绿素等11种主要活性成分及DRD、HTR、PPARG、PTGS2、NR3C1、AGTR1、CNR1、OPRD等390个靶点。涉及谷氨酸能突触、多巴胺能突触、GABA能突触等神经通路。以及PPAR、CGMP-PKG、钙离子、心肌肾上腺素等信号通路。主要治疗疼痛、心血管系统和神经系统疾病。结论初步揭示了牛黄治疗疼痛、心血管系统和神经系统疾病的成分、靶点及通路。     

基于BATMAN-TCM在线分析平台研究 钩藤药理机制

目的基于BATMAN-TCM在线分析工具研究钩藤主要活性成分及药理机制。方法从BATMAN-TCM数据库中提取钩藤的化学成分,以Score cutoff≥30和P≤0.05筛选活性成分及作用靶点,分析靶点富集的信号通路与疾病,构建活性成分-靶点-通路-疾病网络,预测钩藤的多维药理机制。结果获得钩藤碱、毛钩藤碱、卡丹宾碱等23个主要活性成分;以及DRD2(多巴胺受体D2基因)、HTR1A(5-羟色胺受体1A)、HTR1B(5-羟色胺受体1B)、SLC18A2等21个核心靶点;活性成分可关联细胞间隙连接、神经活性配体-受体相互作用、钙信号通路等通路11条;可治疗疼痛、心血管系统和神经系统等相关疾病21种。可进一步验证钩藤"多成分—多靶点—多通路"的作用机制。结论本研究从网络药理学角度探讨钩藤主要活性成分、相关通路及多种药理作用机制,为进一步探讨其作用机制奠定了基础。     

网络药理学与分子对接研究黄芪治疗阿尔兹海默病的作用机制

为了研究黄芪中活性成分治疗阿尔兹海默病的作用机制,采用网络药理学与分子对接模拟方法,利用相关数据库确定疾病靶点,构建靶点相互作用和药物-成分-靶蛋白-疾病网络,在DAVID数据库进行基因本体富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书数据库通路富集分析,并对靶点进行分子对接模拟验证。结果表明：筛选到20种黄芪抗阿尔兹海默病的活性成分,其中槲皮素、山奈酚、异鼠李素、刺芒柄花素、 7-O-甲基-异微凸剑叶莎醇为关键成分;筛选出118个交集靶点,含6个关键靶点,各靶点富集于炎症反应细胞凋亡等生物过程;分析得到180条信号通路,作用机制主要与TNF、 PI3K-Akt、 IL-17等通路相关。     

基于BATMAN-TCM在线分析平台的浙贝母-瓜蒌配伍治疗慢性阻塞性肺病的网络药理学研究

基于中药分子机理的生物信息学分析工具（bioinformatics analysis tool for molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine,BATMAN-TCM）挖掘浙贝母-瓜蒌治疗慢性阻塞性肺病的分子作用机制。应用BATMAN-TCM预测浙贝母-瓜蒌的潜在靶点,GeneCards数据库检索慢性阻塞性肺病的靶点;应用Cytoscape 3.7.1软件构建化合物-疾病-靶点相互作用网络、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用( protein-protein interaction,PPI) 网络,进行基因本体( gene ontology,GO) 功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书( Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG) 的生物通路富集分析。结果筛选得到浙贝母-瓜蒌中21种活性成分,基于STRING构建的浙贝母-瓜蒌靶点PPI网络包含131个节点和236条相互作用关系,关键节点包括ANXA1、EDN1、HDAC1、RXRA、ADRA2A、OXT、RXRB等。GO富集分析途径主要涉及离子门控通道活性、底物特异性通道活性、被动跨膜转运活性、细胞外配体门控离子通道活性、神经递质受体活性、配体门控离子通道活性等。KEGG通道分析主要涉及神经活动配体-受体相互作用、cAMP信号通路、钙离子信使通路、类胆碱能突触、逆行内源性大麻素信号传导、5-羟色胺能突触、多巴胺能突触等途径。研究结果提示浙贝母-瓜蒌关键的作用靶点包括ANXA1、HDAC1等,信号通路方面涉及类胆碱能、5-羟色胺、多巴胺等神经受体相关通路,体现了中药复方的整体性特点,为进一步研究浙贝母-瓜蒌的分子作用机制提供了新思路。     

基于网络药理学和分子对接分析续断-桑寄生改善多囊卵巢综合征的作用机制

运用网络药理学方法分析续断-桑寄生药对改善多囊卵巢综合征的主要活性成分、靶点和通路。通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台,获取续断、桑寄生的主要活性成分及潜在靶点,并利用Cytoscape软件构建中药-成分-靶点网络;依托Disgenet、OMIM数据库获得多囊卵巢综合征疾病靶点并进行合并,借助Venn在线工具获得药物和疾病的共同靶点;运用STRING数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络;利用Metascape数据库对交集靶点进行京都基因和基因组百科全书通路(KEGG)富集分析及基因本体(GO)富集分析;采用Cytoscape软件构建成分-靶点-通路网络;用分子对接技术验证靶点间结合的可靠性。结果表明,从续断-桑寄生药对中筛选得到174个靶点,其中交集于多囊卵巢综合征的80个共有靶点主要涉及癌症通路、丙型肝炎信号通路、糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路等多条信号通路。续断-桑寄生药对通过槲皮素、β-谷甾醇等活性物质形成多靶点、多通路调控网络,调节激素代谢,降低炎症细胞因子水平,从而达到系统改善多囊卵巢综合征的目的。     

基于网络药理学探讨艾叶黄酮治疗类风湿性关节炎的作用机制

基于网络药理学探究艾叶黄酮治疗类风湿性关节炎(RA)的作用机制.通过TCMSP数据库和STP数据库并结合文献筛选艾叶活性黄酮成分及其相应靶点,通过GeneCards、DRUGBANK、OMIM、TTD数据库预测RA相关靶点,得到艾叶黄酮治疗RA的交集靶点;采用DAVID数据库对交集靶点进行GO功能富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析;并导入STRING数据库进行蛋白相互作用(PPI)分析,筛选出关键靶点;使用Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络,分析并筛选出核心活性成分.筛选获得38个艾叶活性黄酮成分,主要作用于129个RA相关靶点;主要通过药物反应、凋亡过程的负调控和炎症应答等生物过程,涉及包括肿瘤坏死因子信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、破骨细胞分化等15条相关的信号通路,关键靶点有TNF、JUN、RELA、AKT1、TP53、IL-6、MAPK1、MAPK14;核心成分为槲皮素、芹菜素、山柰酚、木犀草素、柚皮素、异鼠李素、异泽兰黄素.表明艾叶黄酮通过多成分、多靶点、多通路协同治疗RA,为其进一步实验研究和临床应用提供依据.     

基于网络药理学预测地瓜藤抗糖尿病的作用及分子机制

研究运用网络药理学方法筛选地瓜藤的活性成分,并构建地瓜藤活性成分—作用靶点网络和蛋白相互作用网络,对靶点涉及的生物功能和通路进行分析,探讨地瓜藤抗糖尿病的作用及机制。整理文献报道,并结合BATMAN数据库及TCMSP数据库获取地瓜藤的活性化合物,再通过TTD数据库筛选地瓜藤活性化合物的作用靶点,建立靶点数据集,OMIM数据库筛选糖尿病相关的靶标,PPI数据库构建地瓜藤和糖尿病的交互靶标,用Cytoscape软件构建"成分-靶点-疾病"交互网络图,并通过生物学信息注释数据库(DAVID)富集分析涉及的靶点基因功能及信号通路。筛选得到地瓜藤10个活性成分,网络分析表明地瓜藤活性成分涉及细胞肿瘤抗原p53、雌激素受体、Caspase-3、胰岛素受体、转录因子E2F1等靶点39个,通过调节胰岛素抵抗、TNF信号通路、2型糖尿病信号通路、胰岛素信号通路等信号通路来发挥其抗糖尿病的作用。研究结果体现了地瓜藤抗糖尿病具有多成分—多靶点—多途径的特点,为进一步研究地瓜藤抗糖尿病的作用及分子机制提供了新思路和新目标。     

基于网络药理学和分子对接研究三七抗类风湿关节炎的分子机制

通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台获取三七的主要活性成分及其相关靶点;通过GeneCards数据库预测类风湿关节炎相关靶点,并运用Uniprot数据库标准化蛋白名称,取三七-类风湿关节炎的交集靶点;通过STRING平台进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用分析;采用Metascape平台进行GO(gene ontology)功能分析和KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)信号通路富集分析;采用Cytoscape3.7.2构建活性成分-靶点-信号通路相互作用网络;利用AutoDock Vina 1.1.2软件对关键靶点和成分进行分子对接。结果表明:通过筛选获得三七核心活性成分7种,三七-类风湿关节炎共同作用靶点100个,其中核心靶点包括AKT1、IL6、VEGFA、TNF、TP53、JUN、CASP3、PTGS2等;GO分析获得1 064条信号通路,KEGG分析得到102条信号通路,其中与类风湿关节炎相关的信号通路包括AGE-RAGE、MAPK、TNF、IL-17以及HIF-1等;分子对接结果显示关键靶点与成分具有较好的结合活性。研究认为三七抗类风湿关节炎可能是通过对物质代谢、信号转导、炎症反应等多靶点及多通路的调节从而发挥作用。     

基于网络药理学探究"黄连-知母"治疗2型糖尿病的作用机制

基于网络药理学预测"黄连-知母"治疗2型糖尿病的活性成分、作用靶点、作用机制.采用中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台、PubChem数据库预测"黄连-知母"成分及靶点,采用GeneCards数据库预测2型糖尿病靶点,通过二者的映射获得共有靶点.使用DAVID数据库对共有靶点进行KEGG通路分析.构建"中药-成分-靶点-信号通路"可视化网络,从而预测"黄连-知母"治疗2型糖尿病作用机制.共筛得"黄连-知母"成分有甲基黄连碱、黄连碱、小檗浸碱等30个,成分-靶点491个,其中459个于2型糖尿病靶点重合.使用DAVID数据库对共有靶点分析,发现涉及蛋白质磷酸化、信号转导、凋亡过程的负调控、对药物的反应、细胞增殖的正调控等多个生物过程及P13K-Akt信号通路、MAPK信号通路、趋化因子信号通路、胰岛素信号通路等多个通路."黄连-知母"二药多种成分作用于多靶点、多通路,达到治疗2型糖尿病的目的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that