全基因组关联分析显示基因ANXA8和C10orf11为影响肌少症的候选基因

为了寻找与瘦体重(lean body mass,LBM)相关的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)位点及易感基因,在1 000个不相关的白人中采用Affymetix 500K芯片扫描了500 000个SNPs,并进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS),显著结果在1 625个中国人样本和2 283个欧洲白人样本中进行验证,并将验证结果与研究结果进行荟萃分析。研究发现SNPsrs7905603,rs9416083,rs4409772,rs2894310与LBM关联,其中rs7905603位于基因ANXA8,其他3个SNPs位于基因C10orf11。荟萃分析得到的合并p值分别为2.08×10-5,7.44×10~(-6),6.73×10~(-6),6.76×10~(-6)。ANXA8和C10orf11基因是影响LBM变异的候选基因,这对肌少症的认识提供了新的理论依据。     

GaAs中Te施主杂质的EER谱

本文用EER谱技术,在室温下对掺Te砷化镓(n=1×10~(18)cm~(-3))样品进行了测量,对杂质的ER谱结构E_1进行了分析,提出了电调制浅杂质态的物理模型,用F-K效应定性解释了杂质的ER谱.通过与未掺杂GaAs(n=7.7×10~(14)cm~(-3))的ER谱相比较,定出了E_1结构的线型及位置.     

O（^3p）原子与丙酮和3.3—2甲基—2—丁酮化学反应动力学研究

用流动微波放电—化学发光方法测定O(~3p)原子与CH_3COCH_3和CH_3COC(CH_3)_3的化学反应速率常数k=3.37±1.00×10~(-12)exp(-7.03±0.22kcal.mol~(-1)/RT) (丙酮 0(~3p),T=373-503K)和k=4.61±2.60×10~(-11)exp(-5.46±0.44kcal·mol~(-1)/RT) (3.3-2甲基-2-丁酮 O(~3p),T=303-503K)并就测定的O(~3p)原子与一系列酮分子反应速率常数进行了讨论,估算了O(~3p)原子与各类C—H键反应速率的Arrhenius参数。发现与羰基相邻的C—H键与O(~3p)反应的活化能要略大于非相邻的同类键反应的活化能。还根据Evans-Polanyi关系式,对这些键的键能进行了讨论。     

胶西北大尹格庄斑状花岗岩地球化学特征及地质意义

郭家岭型花岗岩主要分布于胶西北北部的上庄、丛家、郭家岭一带,近年在大尹格庄金矿钻孔中发现了斑状花岗岩。本次研究采取大尹格庄斑状花岗岩样品,测试了岩石主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素含量。岩体具有高的Ba(1 187×10~(-6)~1 897×10~(-6))、Sr(931.25×10~(-6)~989.54×10~(-6))、轻稀土(113.17×10~(-6)~167.68×10~(-6))含量,低的Nb(3.81×10~(-6)~6.09×10~(-6))、Ta(0.18×10~(-6)~0.31×10~(-6))和重稀土(4.21×10~(-6)~5.63×10~(-6))含量,轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损(LREE/HREE=26.07~32.04),无明显Eu异常,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,与上庄岩体同属郭家岭型花岗岩。岩浆具有壳幔混合特点,成岩背景为活动大陆边缘。大型金矿附近都有郭家岭型花岗岩存在,金矿的形成与郭家岭型花岗岩相依;成岩时间早于金矿成矿时间5~10 Ma,与岩浆期后热液矿床成岩成矿时间差相符;郭家岭型花岗岩为金矿成矿提供了成矿物质、热源和矿化剂,胶东金矿的形成与郭家岭型花岗岩关系密切。     

云南哈尼族糜蛋白酶基因标签SNPs与原发性高血压的相关性研究

采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,对692例哈尼族人(高血压患者346例,正常对照个体346例)糜蛋白酶基因(chymase,CMA1)4个tag SNPs (rs1956921、rs1800876、rs5244和rs1885108)的多态性进行检测,并运用遗传模型研究CMA1基因tag SNPs与原发性高血压发生的相关性.结果显示,CMA1基因4个tag SNPs位点在混合人群和女性人群中均未显示出与原发性高血压的相关性;男性人群中,rs1800876位点基因型频率在对照组和高血压间的分布具有统计学意义(P=0.015),Logistic回归分析发现rs1800876位点TC和CC基因型携带者的患病风险显著降低(OR=0.59,95% CI为0.38~0.92,P=0.021),提示CMA1基因rs1800876位点与云南哈尼族男性原发性高血压发生相关.     

芳香胺的碱性

苯胺在水溶液中的碱性(K_b=4.6×10~(-10))比氨(K_b=1.79×10~(-5))弱。这是由于苯胺中的氮原子上未共用电子对和苯环形成P-π共轭,结果使氮原子上的电子云向苯环移动而使氮原子本身电子云密度降低,因而碱性减弱。     

pythagorean三角形(x,x 1,z)的结构

本文给出Pythagorean三角形(x,x 1,z)的集合P_1中元的一般形态:f~n(3,4,5)=(a_n,a_n 1,c_n),n=0,1,2,…;然后用代数,组合,分析的方法给出P_1中元的下列计算公式:a_n=1/4〔(2×3 1 5×2~(1/2)(1 2~(1/2))~(2n) (2×3 1-5×2~(1/2)(1-2~(1/2))~2n-2×1〕c_n=(2~(1/2))/4〔(2×3 1 5×2~(1/2))(1 2~(1/2))~2n--(2×3 1-5×2~(1/2))(1-2~(1/2)~(2n)〕其中n=0,1,2,….     

低黏度高稳定性非离子聚丙烯酰胺水分散体的合成

采用水分散聚合法,以丙烯酰胺为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,衣康酸/次亚磷酸钠为链转移剂,聚丙烯酸钠为稳定剂,在硫酸铵/氯化钠水溶液中,制备了低黏度高稳定性的非离子聚丙烯酰胺水分散体系.考察了氯化钠、衣康酸、次亚磷酸钠对水分散体黏度、相对分子质量、颗粒形貌的影响.实验发现在30℃,300r/min,当引发剂、稳定剂、硫酸铵、氯化钠、次亚磷酸钠、衣康酸与单体质量比为:1.17×10~(-4)∶(3.25×10~(-2)~3.41×10~(-2))∶1.12∶(7.50×10~(-2)~7.75×10~(-2))∶(1.25×10~(-4)~1.42×10~(-4))∶(9.2×10~(-3)~1.17×10~(-2))∶1条件下,可以制备低黏度、高稳定性的非离子型聚丙烯酰胺水分散体.     

水解酸化-BAF法去除盐化工废水中氨氮实验与数学模拟

目的找出水解酸化-曝气生物滤池对盐化工废水中氨氮去除率的影响规律,进而为工程实践中生物曝气滤池的运行参数设计与调控提供借鉴.方法通过正交实验和单因素实验获取水解酸化-曝气生物滤池处理盐化工废水的实验数据,利用SPSS软件和1stopt软件分别建立了单因素和多因素的数学模型.结果通过正交实验得到去除盐化工废水中NH4_+~-N的最优工作参数为p H=7.5,水力表面负荷为6(m·h~(-1)),容积负荷为9.6(kg·m~(-3)·d~(-1)),气水质量比为10%,流速为4 m/s,各因素影响曝气生物滤池反应效果的显著性为p H流速气水比表面负荷容积负荷.结论单因素模型确定各因素变化时盐化工废水出水氨氮去除率的变化规律,多因素模型得出盐化工废水出水氨氮去除率与各因素关系为F(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4,x_5)=0.038 7×f_1(x)~(0.597)f_2(x)~(2.3×10~(-7))f_3(x)~(1.47×10~(-10))f_4(x)~(0.252)f_5(x)~(0.536).     

HO_2与Cl反应机理及动力学性质的理论研究

揭示Cl对HO_2的消耗机制对改善大气环境质量具有指导作用,文中采用CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/6-311++G(2d,2p)计算方法研究了HO_2+Cl抽氢和抽氧反应机理.研究发现,该反应共有R1(~3O_2+HCl,路径1)、R2(~1O_2+HCl,路径2)和R3(ClO+OH,路径3和路径4)三条反应通道,其中路径1和路径3分别为抽氢和抽氧通道的优势路径.利用经典过渡态理论(TST)与变分过渡态理论(CVT)并结合小曲率隧道效应模型(SCT),分别计算了抽氢和抽氧通道主路径1与路径3在213～320 K温度范围的内k~(CVT/SCT)值.结果表明,在213～320 K温度范围内路径1的速率常数为4.69×10~(-11)～3.98×10~(-10) cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1),比路径3的速率常数高出了13～19个数量级,即路径1是HO_2+Cl反应进行的主通道,298 K时路径1的速率常数(6.27×10~(-11) cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1))与实验值(6.80×10~(-11) cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1))相吻合.此外,在213～320 K温度范围内,变分效应对路径1的速率常数影响较小,而隧道效应在低温段对路径1的速率常数有显著影响.     

Organic media enhanced spectrofluorimetric determination of L-ascorbic acid

A novel spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of L-ascorbic acid is proposed. It is based on the inhibition of L-ascorbic acid on the formation of 2,3-diaminophenazine, which is an oxidation product ofo-phenylenediamine catalyzed by laccase. The fluorescence (at λ_cx/λ_cm=464 nm /530 nnm) was enhanced strongly in the presence of organic media. The mechanism ofo-phenylenediamine oxidation reaction catalyzed by laccase in the presence of L-ascorbic acid is discussed. L-ascorbic acid is determined in the ethanol, 1,4-dioxane and acetone over the linear range of 4.0×10⁻⁷≈1.2×10⁻⁴ mol/L, 4.0×10⁻⁷≈8.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L and 4.0×10⁻⁷≈1.0×10⁻⁴ mol/L with a detection limit of 1.20×10⁻⁵ mol/L, 1.19×10⁻⁵ mol/L and 1.24×10⁻⁸ mol/L, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the simple and rapid determination of L-ascorbic acid in pharmaceuticals and milk powder. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Special Funds of State Education Committe for Doctorate Research Huang Zuyun: born in Aug. 1963. Ph.D     

三聚磷酸二氢铝二水物的合成和表征

用磷酸和氢氧化铝为原料制备三聚磷酸二氢铝二水物。用X-衍射、红外光谱、化学分析、DTA-TG结合X-ray分析,证明产品的化学结构式为AlH2P3O10*2H2O。其晶体结构属正交晶系,空间群为PZ1/bZ1/aZ/m,D92h,晶胞参数a=15.919×10-8 cm,b=8.884×10-8cm,c=9.936×10-8 cm,单位晶胞体积V=1 405×10-8 cm3,Z=6。防绣性能测试表明其防锈能力与红丹颜料相当。毒理学试验表明该颜料半致死量LD50=18.0 g/kg(小白鼠),属实际无毒级,符合食品容器及儿童玩具涂装的要求。     

超声波下酸化碘酸钾和亚硫酸钠反应的反应速率研究

分别测定在有超声波作用和在无超声波作用条件下 ,酸化碘酸钾 (KIO3 )和亚硫酸钠 (Na2 SO3 )反应的反应速率方程式及活化能 ,从而研究该反应的机理以及超声波在该反应中的作用 ,并确定反应的最佳条件。实验得出 ,超声波对该反应有一定的促进作用 ,但是这种促进作用只提高反应的速率常数和降低反应的活化能 ,并没有改变反应机理。在超声波功率为 30 0W时 ,反应的速率方程表示式为 :v =k·c1 0 9(KIO3 ) ·c1 0 0 (Na2 SO3 )·c1 0 8(H+ ) ,其中 :k =95 0 (mol-1·L) 2 ·s-1,活化能为 17 35kJ·mol-1。实验还得出 ,在温度为2 98K时 ,当KIO3 与Na2 SO3 的初始浓度比为 2∶5 ,H+ 的初始浓度为 0 0 4 2 8mol·L-1,超声功率为 30 0W时 ,反应速率为最快 ,即v =4 31× 10 -4mol·L-1·s-1)。     

The evolution model of the earth’s limited expanding

Based on the prerequisite that the earliest acid rock formed because of the initial global expanding tectonic processes, by combining it with other geological limitation conditions, and starting from the lithosphere elastic mechanics, the following is defined: the earth expansion started at about 4300 Ma ago, the average increasing rate of the earth radius is 0.40 mm/a, the initial expanding earth radius is 4651 km, and the initial global expansion of tectonic processes happened at 4183.7 Ma ago. From the natural and attenuation evolution condition of the earth and terrestrial planets, through the limit condition got from the combination of the mathematics logic and the geological significance, the limited expanding earth evolution model is established as follows: in whichR ₀= 4.651×10⁶ m,A =1.86×10⁶ m, β = -6.01×10⁻¹⁰/ a andt _s=3×10⁸ a. From this model the maximum radiusR _maxof the limited expanding earth evolution should be 6511 km. The earth’s radius increasing rate is about 0.1 mm/a at present.     

Chemiluminescence determination of thiourea using tris (1,10-phenanthroline)-ruthenium (II) KMnO4 system

The light emission produced by thiourea in oxidation process by permanganate in acidic solution in the presence of Ru(phen) ₂ ^{3 +} is used to determine 1.0×10⁻⁵ −1.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L thiourea. The limit of detection is 9.8×10⁻⁹ mol/L and the relative standard deviation is 1.1% for a 1.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L thiourea solution (n=10). The method was applied satisfactorily to the determination of thiourea. Foundation item, Support by Ministry of Education, Wuhan University and Alumni Association of it Biography: Wu Feng-wu(1963-), Male, Ph. D, research direction: analytical chemistry.     

Temperature dependence of densities of Sb and Bi melts

The densities of Sb and Bi melts were investigated by an improved Archimedean method. The results show that the density of the Sb melt decreases linearly with increasing temperature,but the density of the Bi melt firstly increases and then decreases as the temperature increases. There is a maximum density value of 10.002 g/cm3 at 310 ℃ ,about 39℃ above the melting point. The temperature depend-ence of the Sb melt is well fitted with the expression ρ =6.8590-5.8105×10-4T,and that of the Bi melt is fitted with ρ =10.3312-1.18×10-3T. The results were discussed from a microstructure viewpoint.     

Crystal structure and negative thermal expansion of solid solution Lu<Subscript>2</Subscript>W<Subscript>3−<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Mo<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>O<Subscript>12</Subscript>

A new series of solid solutions Lu₂W_3−x Mo _x O₁₂ (0.5≤x≤2.5) were successfully synthesized by the solid-state method. Their crystal structure and negative thermal expansion properties were studied using high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction and the Rietveld method. All samples of rare-earth tungstates and molybdates are found to crystallize in the same orthorhombic structure with space group Pnca and show the negative thermal expansion phenomena related to transverse vibration of bridging oxygen atoms in the structure. Thermal expansion coefficients (TEC) of Lu₂W_3−x Mo _x O₁₂ are determined as −20.0×10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ for x=0.5 and −16.1×10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ for x=2.5 but -18.6×10⁻⁶ and −16.9×10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ for unsubstituted Lu₂W₃O₁₂ and Lu₂Mo₃O₁₂ in the identical temperature range of 200 to 800°C. High-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) data and bond length analysis suggest that the difference between W-O and Mo-O bond is responsible for the change of TECs after the element substitution in this series of solid solutions.     

Directional solidification and physical properties measurements of the zinc-aluminum eutectic alloy

Zn-5wt% Al eutectic alloy was directionally solidified with different growth rates (5.32–250.0 μm/s) at a constant temperature gradient of 8.50 K/mm using a Bridgman-type growth apparatus. The values of eutectic spacing were measured from transverse sections of the samples. The dependences of the eutectic spacing and undercooling on growth rate are determined as λ=9.21V-0.53 and ΔT=0.0245V0.53, respectively. The results obtained in this work were compared with the Jackson-Hunt eutectic theory and the similar experimental results in the literature. Microhardness of directionally solidified samples was also measured by using a microhardness test device. The dependency of the microhardness on growth rate is found as Hv=115.64V0.13. Afterwards, the electrical resistivity (r) of the casting alloy changes from 40×10-9 to 108×10-9 Ω·m with the temperature rising in the range of 300–630 K. The enthalpy of fusion (ΔH) and specific heat (C_p) for the Zn-Al eutectic alloy are calculated to be 113.37 J/g and 0.309 J/(g·K), respectively by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) from heating trace during the transformation from liquid to solid.     

Investigation of Ru （ phen ）3^2＋-Hydrazine-Ce（Ⅳ） Chemiluminescence System and Its Analytical Application

0 IntroductionThbiep ycroidmipnlee)xru ctahteinoinu mof(Ⅱ r)u t(he Rniuu(mbip,y m)3ai2n +ly) atrnids- t(r2is -,(21’ -,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(Ⅱ) (Ru(phen)32 +) ,is a kindof sensitive analytical reagent for electrogenerated chemilumi-nescence(ECL) and chemiluminescence(CL) ,on which a par-ticular review has been presented[1]. The earliest publicationon the synthesis of Ru(bipy)32 +appeared in 1936[2], andduringthefollowing30 years ,theinvestigations relatedtothissubstance were only in…