绿地草坪混播组合方案灰色—回归最优设计

运用三因素饱和最优设计原理和灰色局势评价方法 ,对以草地早熟禾为建群种 ,混播紫羊茅、多年生黑麦草的绿地草坪组合方案进行了灰色—回归最优分析 .结果表明 ,当草地早熟禾占 6 2 %,紫羊茅占 2 0 %,多年生黑麦草占 18%,总播种量为 15 5 g/m2 时为最优组合     

无土草坪草根系生长状况的测定与探析

用无土栽培的方式种植草坪,通过对多年生黑麦草(Lolium paenne L.)、高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)、紫羊茅(Festucarubia L.)、草地早熟禾(Poapratensis L.)四种草的根系生长速度的测定。得知,多年生黑麦草>高羊茅>紫羊茅>草地早熟禾。但多年生黑麦草、高羊茅和紫羊茅属弱根茎丛生草,结网抗拉能力差。草地早熟禾生长虽慢,但有根茎,结网抗拉能力强,但成网所需时间较长。因此,要达到一个理想的效果,应采用不同草种按一定比例混播。     

干旱荒漠区观赏性草坪的建植管理技术试验

经过试验,总结出了一套适合在干旱荒漠区种植观赏性草坪的建植管理技术.干旱荒漠区选择草地早熟禾占70％、多年生黑麦草占10％、高羊茅占20％共15个品种,以18g/m2的播种量混播下种,播种后坪床用细沙覆盖0.3～0.5cm,苗前和苗期喷灌浇水,加强抚育管理,建坪当年其品质评定指标可达到5级,且青绿期长,翌年返青早,观赏...     

不同草种单播草坪蒸散量与脯氨酸含量的研究

对草地早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、高羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草和野牛草6种常见草坪草草坪的蒸散量进行的研究表明在充分灌水的条件下，冷地型草坪的蒸散量显著大于暖地型草坪（P〈0．01）；三种冷地型草坪问差异较小；暖地型草坪中狗牙根和结缕草的蒸散量显著高于野牛草（P〈0．01）．限制灌水条件下，6种草坪的蒸散量差异均显著（P〈0．05或0．01），其顺序为：高羊茅〉早熟禾〉黑麦草〉狗牙根〉结缕草〉野牛草．结缕草蒸散量在一天内随温度的升高而增加，但在温度维持在较高时由于气孔关团导致蒸腾降低从而蒸散量降低．五种草坪草脯氨酸含量顺序为高羊茅〉多年生黑麦草〉草地早熟禾〉结缕草〉狗牙根．     

上海地区冷季型草坪主要病害鉴定及防治策略

研究调查了上海地区高羊茅，草地早熟禾，多年生黑麦草，葡匐剪股颖等主要冷季型草坪草病害发生情况。鉴定出８种主要病害，其中早熟禾枯萎病，黑麦草和高羊 在部分草坪上发生严重，翦股颖上没发现严重病害。针对上海地区的具体情况和国际上草坪病害研究的新进展，提出了冷季型草坪草病害的综合防治策略；     

红砂岩地区草坪建植和养护技术

根据白银红砂岩地区的土壤、气候、水分条件,总结出:在该地区,选择种植以抗旱、抗寒、耐盐碱、成坪快的多年生草地早熟禾和多年生黑麦草品种的草坪;播种量在35g/m2以内,实行混播;采用"本土 客土 底肥 化学肥料或添加剂"改土;覆盖0.5~0.8cm的细沙,再用无纺布(或遮阳网)、草袋覆盖,可以保温、保湿,减少风、鸟类危害,防止暴雨和喷灌浇水的冲刷、床面板结,同时促使草坪种子出苗率提高10%~15%,出芽提前3~4d;底肥施足,确保土壤的物理化学特性;在播种前,对土壤进行消毒处理,明显减少草坪病虫害的发生。     

4种草坪草种耐盐性研究

采用盆栽试验分析4种常用草坪草种:高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schred.)、草地早熟禾(Poapratensis L.)、多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)和普通狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.),分别经质量分数为0.35%、0.5%、0.65%和0.80%的NaCl溶液处理后发芽率、叶片长度、脯氨酸和叶绿素变化.结果表明,盐胁迫下草坪草种的发芽率、叶片长度、叶绿素与脯氨酸含量与盐溶液质量分数表现显著的相关性,且差异显著.随着NaCl溶液质量分数的增加,4种草坪草种发芽率、叶片长度较对照均有所下降,但变化幅度各不相同.通过测定经不同质量分数的NaCl溶液处理后草坪草叶片中脯氨酸含量和叶绿素含量发现,脯氨酸含量增加而叶绿素含量降低,两种变化趋势也各不相同.综合比较分析表明,4种草坪草种耐盐性大小为:草地早熟禾多年生黑麦草高羊茅普通狗牙根.     

马尼拉草坪追播多年生黑麦草的应用研究

在浙东南地区的城市园林绿地中，进行了暖季型草坪马尼拉秋季追播多年生黑麦草的应用试验．结果表明：追播时间宜在10月下旬至11月上旬进行；追播种子用量以20-25g／m^2为宜；追播草坪春季应进行留茬高度为3-4cm的低剪方式，并且控制春季施肥．     

足球场草坪建植与管理技术研究

进行了小区试验和大区试验．结果表明，草种以HounelogⅤ、MustangⅡ、CrossfireⅡ、Nassau、Opal混播为佳，并确定了混播比例和播量，草坪修剪高度5cm～8cm，多效唑对草坪生长延缓作用显，年施药1次-2次，年施肥量以N12g／m^2～14g／m^2、P6g／m^2～7g／m^2、K7．2g／m^2～8．4g／m^2为宜，明确了7种主要病虫害的防治措施．此外，在试验基础上，提出了能够满足一般比赛和大众需要、优质、低造价、日常维护管理经济合理的足球场草坪建植和管理技术。     

高速公路植被护坡播种组合的研究

为了确保公路路基边坡的稳定,合理选择草种与各草种间的播种组合,快速构建地表覆盖层,充分发挥植被涵水固土的作用,显得尤为重要．本文通过对高羊茅、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根进行单播和混播对比实验,对各个播种组合的出苗速度、盖度、地下生物量和土壤崩解率的检测结果表明,混播草种间的兼容性比之单播更好,固土、抗蚀效果也更强;组合②（多年生黑麦草10g／m2＋高羊茅20g／m2＋狗牙跟20g／m2）的综合指标性能最优,其出苗迅速、覆盖度大、地下根系量大和土壤崩解率小,对减少边坡的水土流失效果最好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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