Fibrillation Property of the Lyocell Fibers Treated by N-hydroxymethyl Cross-linking Agents

Lyocell fibers are subject to fibrillate under wet conditions, which severely affects the appearance of this kind of fabrics. Cross-linking treatment is an important way to prevent fibrillation of lyocell fibers. In this study, two kinds of traditional N- hydroxymethyl crosslinking agents were used to treat lyocell fibers and the wet abrasion values of lyocell fibers were measured in a wet abrasion test. The results show the wet abrasion values of lyocell fibers increase with the increasing concentration of the cross-linking agents, which indicates the anti-fibrillation property of the treated fibers has been improved. But the mechanical properties of the treated fibers decreased in some extent. The FT-IR spectroscopy analysis shows that the lyocell fibers have cross-linked with cross-linking agents. The SEM analysis results show the fibers treated by 4% DMDHEU or 5%SECO have good anti-fibrillation properties.     

Preparation,Structure and Performances of Cross-Linked Regenerated Cellulose Fibers

Cross-linked regenerated cellulose fibers(CRCFs) were prepared by wet spinning firstly and then treated by high temperature curing. Cellulose dissolved in ionic liquid together with wrinkle proofing agent and cross-linking agent was employed as spinning solution. The properties and structure of CRCFs were investigated. Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis show that CRCFs were prepared successfully and the crystal form of the fibers remained the same before and after cross-linking. The results indicate that CRCFs prepared in this study possess more excellent wrinkle recovery ability and wash durability than those treated by finishing process.     

Preparation and Properties of Antibacterial Lyocell Fibers Containing Chitosan Derivative

IntroductionThe spinning of cellulose fibers directly from asolution, e .g .N-methyl morpholine-N-oxide , NMMO,isusually regarded as the lyocell fiber . Generally ,this lyocellprocess is environmentally friendly and the fiber isbiodegradable with good physical properties and mechanicalparameters . However , several attempts have been madeable to modify the lyocell fibers with novel properties ,e .g .by adding other polymers in the process to change itsstructure and properties[1,2].Chitosan …     

热处理对二醋酯纤维拉伸性能的影响

采用干热和湿热两种条件处理二醋酯长丝（松弛和张紧状态）,分析处理温度、负荷和时间对纤维拉伸性能的影响.结果显示,经松弛干热处理后,二醋酯纤维的拉伸性能改善不明显;张紧干热处理中,纤维拉伸性能的改善主要取决于处理温度和负荷;松弛湿热处理后再经张紧干热处理,纤维的拉伸性能改善程度较相同条件下的单一张紧干热处理大.     

Acetalization of Poly（vinyl alcohol） /Soybean Protein Fibers

Acetalizatioin on the blend fibers of poly （vinyl alcohol） （PVA） and soybean protein （SP） was studied by using dialdehydes as cross-linking agents. The optimal acetalization conditions were determined by Latin square experiment, where the modified fibers with good mechanical properties can be achieved by treating in 41 g/L dialdehyde solution at 67 ℃ for 9 min. The cross-linking reactions of PVA and SP with dialdehydes were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy. Tensile test and boiling water shrinkage measurements showed that the physical properties of PVA/SP fibers crosslinked by dialdehydes were improved comparing with those formalized fibers.     

不同界面剂对湿接缝混凝土黏结性能影响

为了研究界面剂对湿接缝粘结性能的影响,首先通过力学性能试验,确定硅灰水泥净浆界面剂中硅灰的最佳掺量,再通过劈裂抗拉强度试验、三点弯曲试验和抗剪强度试验,探究普通水泥净浆、硅灰最佳掺量下的水泥净浆、环氧树脂作为界面剂,对湿接缝粘结性能的影响效果。结果表明:硅灰最佳掺量为8%,此时水泥净浆力学性能最优,从抗拉角度和抗剪角度进行分析,不同界面剂对湿接缝粘结性能的影响,由大到小排序均为:环氧树脂界面剂＞掺8%硅灰水泥净浆界面剂＞普通水泥净浆界面剂＞无界面剂,其中普通水泥净浆界面剂对湿接缝粘结性能提升较小,而环氧树脂界面剂和掺8%硅灰水泥净浆界面剂对湿接缝粘结性能提升效果较为明显。     

乳化沥青微表处混合料耐久性研究

为了分析乳化沥青微表处混合料耐久性影响因素,采用湿轮磨耗试验分析了乳化沥青含量、水泥用量与含水率对不同配比混合料磨耗性能的影响作用,并对影响因素显著性进行了方差分析.确定了混合料耐久性随各影响因素的变化规律.基于磨耗性能提出了乳化沥青微表处混合料的最佳沥青用量、水泥用量及含水率.结果表明,在试验选用的配比条件下,沥青含量为6.5％、水泥用量为1.5％、含水率为9％时,微表处混合料抗磨耗性能最优.     

Changes in Structure and Properties of Soybean Protein/Poly （vinyl alcohol） Blended Fibers Subjected to Wet Heat Treatment

The properties of soybean protein/poly（vinyl alcohol） （SP/ PVA） blended fibers subjected to wet heat treatment in hot water were measured. The structure of fibers was investigated by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction （WXD） and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results show that the wet heat treatment above 100℃ has a great influence on the properties and structure of SP/PVA blended fibers. After the wet heat treatment at high temperature, the fibers exhibit the severe shrinking and yellowing, the great decrease in breaking strength and adhesive aggregation. The fibers show a broader main X-ray diffraction peak with the disappearance of minor diffraction peaks, a double DSC melting behavior with the peak temperatures of 215 and 233℃, and a weaker intensity of crystallization-sensitive absorbance peak of PVA component at 1 142 cm^-1. Therefore it is concluded that the wet heat treatment above 100℃ leads to a change in the crystalline structure of fibers and the scission and degradation of PVA macromolecular chains.     

VARTM制备麻纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料研究

通过对黄麻纤维热处理、碱处理、硅烷偶联剂处理和异氰酸酯处理进行表面改性,并对改性黄麻纤维布进行热压工艺处理,最后采用VARTM成型工艺制备黄麻纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料,并对其性能进行了系统研究.通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,热处理和碱处理的黄麻纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的界面粘结未得到明显改善,而通过硅烷偶联剂和异氰酸酯处理的黄麻纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的界面粘结性能得到了显著的提高.将硅烷偶联剂和异氰酸酯处理的黄麻纤维布通过热压处理不仅可以增加复合材料中黄麻纤维体积含量,而且可以提高复合材料的综合性能,复合材料力学性能研究表明,经硅烷偶联剂处理后的黄麻纤维增强复合材料拉伸强度、模量和弯曲强度分别提高了18.6%,71.4%和50.2%.经异氰酸酯处理的黄麻纤维增强复合材料的拉伸强度、模量和弯曲强度分别提高了16.3%,34.0%和50.3%.     

Influence of Dispersion of Nano-ZnO Particles in Polymer Matrices on Properties of Relevant Nano Composite Fibers

IntroductionIt is well knownthat nanoparticles have rich propertiesand are useful for functional composites . The nanometricsize ,leading to huge specific surface area up to or morethan1 000m2/g ,andtheir unique properties have attractedintensive interests . Thus many articles have elucidated thepreparation of polymer matrix nanocomposites( PMNC)[1 6]. Polymers are very i mportant matricesbecause of their flexibility and easy processing .Nanoparticles i mpart larger-size congeries because of…     

高温条件下PPS纤维受粒子冲击产生磨损研究

在前期开发的常温纤维冲击磨损测试仪的基础上,通过增加温度控制装置,构建了高温纤维冲击磨损测试系统,利用该系统对高温过滤材料中常用的PPS(聚苯硫醚)纤维进行了测试.另外,还研究了冲击气流中的粒子浓度与磨损程度之间的关系.结果表明:PPS纤维材料的磨损程度随工作温度的增加而增加,特别是当温度达到一定程度时,影响非常显著;...     

The Surface Properties and Tensile Strength of HSPE Fiber Treated by Controlling Oxidation in Chromic Acid

This work reported on the surface modification of high strength polyethylene(HSPE)fiber by chemical etching in chromic acid.The surface chemistry,the functional group contents, the wetting ability, the surface morphology and the tensile strength of modified fibers were investigated. The results show that, the surface roughness,surface wet properties and active functional group can be introduced on the HSPE fiber surface by this method,which will improve the interface adhesion in the composites, and the decrease of the tensile strength of modified fibers can be controlled.     

玻璃纤维增强聚氯乙烯界面结构优化及性能研究

以两种硅烷偶联剂及成膜剂组成的浸润剂处理玻璃纤维，研究其增强聚氯乙烯复合材料的形态结构和软科学性能。经ＳＥＭ和ＦＴ－ＩＲ的研究结果表明：在浸润剂中添加了成膜剂后，复合材料的界面可以达到良好的结合状态，材料的力学性能也有明显提高。     

预处理方法对植物生物质中钾元素含量测定的影响

采用干灰化法、湿式消解法和微波消解法对稻壳生物质进行了预处理,通过火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)对不同预处理方法得到稻壳处理液中的钾元素含量进行了测定,为避免钾原子电离干扰的影响,加入了消电离剂.结果表明:加入500,μg/mL CsCl溶液可基本消除K+溶液测量过程中钾原子的电离干扰;稻壳样品经HNO3干灰化法、HNO3–H2O2湿式消解法和HNO3–H2O2微波消解法处理后,测定的稻壳中钾元素含量分别为0.638,4%、0.760,4%和0.778,6%;湿式消解法的实验结果重现性好,相对标准偏差仅为0.17%,且分析仪器简单,综合考虑,湿式消解法的效果优于干灰化法和微波消解法.     

造纸脱墨污泥基础性质和资源化利用方向

分析了造纸脱墨污泥基础性质.包括含水率、有机物含量、pH值、干污泥中纤维含量、干污泥中灰分含量、湿污泥中纤维长度及分布、干湿污泥中细菌、湿污泥中CHSN含量、污泥灰分中金属离子含量.结果显示,污泥含水率较高,有机物含量大,其中大多是纤维,pH值为中性.污泥中纤维长度较短,大部分(约77%)纤维的长度在0.20 mm以下.污泥中有大量细菌等微生物,但蛋白质含量不高.污泥有毒重金属含量低于国家标准.文中进一步分析了其资源化研究的主要方向,有混合燃烧、制造填料、土壤改良、农业利用等,为脱墨污泥的资源化利用提供研究基础.     

界面处理和冷却条件对玻璃纤维与聚丙烯界面结合的影响 I.不同界面处理对界面剪切强度的影响

通过测定,得出马来酸酐改性聚丙烯（ＭＰＰ）是提高玻璃纤维与聚丙烯树脂界面剪切强度的关键因素,而偶联剂的变化对体系界面剪切强度的影响较少,用仪器分析证实了酸酐基团与玻璃纤维表面发生化学反应的实质,以及当界面存在改性聚丙烯时,应选择Ａ－１７４ＴＭ硅烷偶联剂处理增强聚丙烯的玻璃纤维,而不是传统的Ａ－１１００ＴＭ硅烷偶联剂。     

聚丙烯纤维增强沥青胶浆的流变性能试验研究

研究了不同掺量(0～2.5%)聚丙烯纤维(PP纤维)对沥青胶浆针入度、软化点及动态剪切模量等流变性能影响的规律,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)对其微观增强机理进行了分析.试验结果表明:随着PP纤维掺量的增加,沥青胶浆的锥入度逐渐降低,软化点逐渐提高.PP纤维的加入,改善了沥青胶浆的热敏性和高温下抗永久变形的能力.通过微观结构分析,可知由于分散在沥青胶浆中的PP纤维起到了桥连的作用,使其应力分散,从而提高了沥青胶浆的稳定性.     

Wearability of Copper Ion Complex Bamboo Pulp Knitted Fabrics with Chitosan Pretreatment

Wearability is one of important factors for the textile product quality. The wearability of bamboo pulp knitted fabrics was mainly discussed which were treated with chitosan and cupper ammonia solution. Tensile and bursting properties, abrasion resistance,drapability,air permeability,moisture-penetrability and warmth retention properties of fabrics were tested to investigate the changes. The results showed that chitosan pretreatment improved the tensile and bursting strengths,abrasion resistance and moisture penetrability,but decreased the drapability and air permeability.Copper ammonia solution treatments decreased the tensile and bursting strengths,abrasion resistance and air permeability,but increased the drapability, moisture penetrability and warmth retention properties.     

胶原支架材料的制备与表征

分别采用真空高温脱水和化学交联剂1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-碳化二亚胺处理经冷冻干燥后的胶原海绵材料,制备组织工程支架,讨论反应条件对胶原性能的影响,测定胶原支架的力学强度和降解特性.结果发现,不同的处理方法都能保持胶原海绵的三维多孔结构,孔隙率可达到90%;真空高温脱水获得的胶原海绵材料力学强度较小,但断裂伸长率略大;碳化二亚胺交联胶原海绵材料力学强度相对较高,抗张强度为380 kPa左右.胶原海绵交联后,降解速率显著小于未经交联的胶原材料.细胞培养试验表明成纤维细胞可以在支架材料上正常生长.两种交联方法处理胶原海绵,其细胞生长行为差异无显著性,适合于作为组织工程支架.     

聚氨酯橡胶的固定磨粒湿磨损机理的试验研究

对聚氨酯橡胶的固定磨粒湿磨损机理的试验研究结果表明,聚氨酯橡胶在固定磨粒湿摩擦工况下,磨损量随相对速度和比压的增加而增大,摩擦系数随相对速度的增加而增大,随比压的增加而减少。实验还证明,聚氨酯橡胶的耐磨性比其它橡胶高10倍左右,是一种抗磨性好的材料。本试验结果对石油井下动力钻具摩擦副的材料选择有一定的参考价值。