采用自适应原始对偶迭代的无人机编队协同航路规划方法

针对目标通过机动进入无人机雷达探测盲区、导致雷达跟踪不稳定的问题，提出一种无人机编队协同航路规划方法。首先，根据雷达多普勒速度盲区、雷达探测视角、距离边界区等建立协同航路规划约束条件；然后，以机动目标稳健跟踪为目的建立优化目标函数，并结合约束条件构建协同航路优化模型；最后，设计了一种自适应原始-对偶迭代算法，对建立的航路优化模型进行快速求解，得到无人机飞行实时航路。对比仿真结果表明：所提方法能够实现无人机编队协同航路快速规划，达到对机动目标持续稳定跟踪的目的；与传统的高斯伪谱法和模型预测控制算法相比，所提方法求解速度提升了10%,算法复杂度相对较低；所提方法求解的无人机航路平滑性较好，可减少无人机飞行油耗，便于长时留空探测。     

基于改进马尔可夫决策过程模型的多机协同航路规划研究

该文针对多无人机在复杂环境下执行作战任务易受环境威胁影响的问题,提出一种基于改进马尔可夫决策过程模型的多无人机航路规划算法.利用离散化雷达威胁信息,设计多无人机作战环境与状态空间数目;将目标点方位空间离散化,进而合理分配状态转移概率;将雷达威胁与马尔可夫决策过程模型相结合,在无模型均匀结构的报酬函数基础上引入非均匀结构...     

无人机航路规划问题初步研究

本文通过对无人机航路规划的研究,概括和总结了无人机航路规划问题的几个重要方面,构建了航路规划的基本框架。文章重点介绍了航路规划的约束条件、威胁模型的建立以及航路规划的算法,并对今后无人机航路规划的发展提出了展望。     

基于蚁群算法的无人机航路规划

为了提高无人机(UAV)作战任务的成功率，在执行敌方防御区域内攻击任务前必需规划设计出高效的无人机飞行航路，保证无人机能够以最小的被发现概率及可接受的航程到达目标点。针对这一问题，对新近发展的蚁群算法进行了讨论，提出适用于航路规划的优化方法，并对无人机的攻击任务航路进行了仿真计算。仿真结果表明该方法是一种有效的航路规划方法。     

基于分层策略的多无人机最优协同航路规划

基于分层策略将多无人机协同航路规划分为航路规划层、协同控制层和航迹控制层进行研究。航路规划层采用基于K均值和遗传算法的航路规划方法,为每架无人机提供多条备选航路;针对传统协同控制算法在求解协同变量出现无解的情况,设计了新的协同变量求解步骤;航迹控制层基于无人机六自由度模型和协同变量建立了终端时间固定的最优航迹控制模型,并采用勒让德伪谱法将最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题,并利用CFSQP对模型进行了求解,实现了对无人机航迹控制变量和姿态的规划。仿真结果表明,利用该方法得到的无人机协同航路具有较高的可操作性,且计算量较小,效率较高,得到的无人机控制指令平滑,易于操控。     

基于全局优化的无人机编队协同攻击航路规划模型

为使无人机编队协同攻击航路从总体上达到最优,引入一种全局优化方法,分析了该方法在无人机编队协同攻击航路规划中的应用,建立了无人机编队的协同攻击航路规划模型,并对该模型的求解进行了分析,给出了求解的全过程。应用该模型对无人机编队协同航路进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明,基于全局优化方法建立的模型可以满足约束条件下的航路规划要求,具有较强的工程实用性。     

基于改进型A*-Markov联合模型的无人机航路规划

实验一种基于改进型A~*算法来对无人机进行任务路径规划.引入了无人机的机动步长、转角限制和飞行高度,有效地缩减了无人机搜索空间,除此之外还引入了地形、任务等约束条件,使航路规划更接近于真实环境.考虑到规划过程中敌方能力的不确定性,以及无人机在航路中的生存概率的不可知性,采用八状态Markov模型评估无人机的飞行状态.该模型与A~*算法结合时在威胁区域内完成任务后,由于时间的积累向外扩展时生存代价值越高,导致迭代次数过多,而同心圆模型越向外扩展时生存代价值越低的优点可避免该问题,因此引入同心圆模型与Markov模型的联合模型.仿真实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地检测航路中飞机的各种状态的概率,以此对整个航路进行评估,并且有效降低了仅采用Markov模型时在威胁区域内完成任务点后规划新航路迭代次数过多的问题.     

基于空间分解网络的无人机航路规划

设计了一种无人机航路规划方法,首先通过作战任务想定构造Voronoi图,利用空间分解网络和Rosenthal算法确定初始航路,然后进行样条插值对初始航路光顺修正,最终得到一条可飞航路。仿真计算表明该方法简单、有效。     

Z字形折叠无人机气动优化设计

针对Z字形无人机存在滚转力矩和偏航力矩的问题，提出一种基于混合翼型参数化的整机多目标优化方法，以非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）为核心与混合翼型参数化、SCDM流场建模、Fluent Meshing网格划分以及Fluent Solution流场计算相结合，建立优化模型，进而开发出基于Isight平台的整机自动优化流程，实现Z字形无人机的气动优化设计。结果表明，基于混合翼型参数化的优化平台，增加了翼型优化的搜索空间，实现了多目标预定数值的优化，减小了Z字形无人机的滚转力矩和偏航力矩，提高了其整体的气动性能。所提方法能消除有限翼展无人机的力矩，为解决不对称无人机滚转和偏航问题提供了技术参考。     

竞争量子进化算法的巡航导弹航路规划与重规划方法

针对巡航导弹航路规划问题,提出了一种竞争量子进化算法(CQEA),算法通过双方向进化及自适应变异避免其陷入局部最优解。同时,鉴于航路重规划对实时性的高度要求,借助最小威胁曲面及搜索竖线将三维搜索空间降到一维,并引入功能区域簇初始化思想来保证初始种群皆为非劣个体,从问题的几何本质上提升航路重规划效率。最后利用CQEA算法进行了航路规划与重规划仿真实验,结果表明,与PAQEA相比,CQEA搜索效率更高,稳定性更好;与原三维搜索空间相比,通过削减搜索空间及引入功能区域簇初始化思想后算法搜索速率更快,符合航路重规划对实时性的高度要求。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the