基于LVQ神经网络模型的道路交通大气环境质量评价

运用MATLAB语言编程,建立LVQ神经网络模型,将监测点的大气污染物CO、NOx、TSP浓度及噪声等效声级监测值作为网络的样本输入,环境质量的评价等级作为网络的样本输出,用以评价道路沿线大气环境质量。研究发现,LVQ神经网络具有较好的内插效果,降低样本的数量,具有良好的稳定性,并且监测数据不需要进行复杂的预处理。与主分量分析法评价结果比较,两者结果完全一致。结果表明,设计的LVQ网络模型具有良好的非线性映射功能和泛化功能。     

基于学习向量量化在蜂蜜LIF光谱图像识别的应用

针对目前蜂蜜检测技术存在的无法快速、准确识别的问题,提出了一种基于激光诱导荧光(LIF)与学习向量量化(LVQ)有机结合对蜂蜜进行快速识别的方法;采用LIF获取蜂蜜的光谱数据,利用主成分分析(PCA)对光谱数据处理,将处理后的数据输入已建立好LVQ分类学习模型中进行分类识别;实验将挑选4种不同的蜂蜜,每种采集50组蜂蜜光谱数据,随机抽取120组蜂蜜光谱数据用于LVQ神经网络模型的训练,其余80组蜂蜜数据将输入训练好的LVQ模型进行测试; LVQ分类学习模型用于蜂蜜分类鉴定需要的时间为0.8 s,LVQ分类学习模型用于蜂蜜分类鉴定的准确率达到99.45%;实验结果表明:将基于LIF与LVQ有机结合,可以满足蜂蜜快速、准确识别的要求。     

基于LVQ神经网络的手写字母识别

提出了一种基于LVQ神经网络的手写英文字母识别方案.介绍了LVQ神经网络的基本原理,并利用LVQ神经网络的结构简单、泛化性能好、收敛速度快的特点,将它应用于复杂的英文字母识别.通过对英文字母图像进行预处理和特征提取,将提取的特征对网络进行训练,并利用训练好的网络对英文字母进行识别.Matlab仿真实验结果表明,LVQ神经网络可以对英文字母获得较高的识别率.     

基于LSTM-BP级联网络的列控车载设备故障诊断

列控车载设备是保障高速列车行车安全、提高运输效率的核心组成部分,快速有效地诊断其故障类型具有重要意义.针对300T型列控车载设备故障文本数据的错综性和时序性,提出一种基于LSTM-BP级联网络模型的车载设备智能故障诊断方法.首先,采用贝叶斯正则化(Bayesian Regularization,BR)算法优化BP神经网络提高模型的泛化能力;其次,利用长短时记忆网络(Long Short Term Memory Network,LSTM)的记忆特性,充分学习具有时序性的故障特征信息,解决BP神经网络模型难以准确诊断关机误报和引发故障等问题;最后,利用实际数据对模型进行多次试验分析,BR优化的神经网络模型分类准确率为85.06%;而LSTM-BP级联网络模型分类准确率达到95.10%,能够很好地解决对关机误报和引发故障诊断不准确的问题,验证了本文所提出的智能故障诊断方法的有效性.     

基于贝叶斯正则化神经网络的径流长期预报

针对神经网络用于径流长期预报时,网络结构过于复杂而易出现过拟合的问题,采用主成分分析和贝叶斯正则化神经网络对预报模型进行改进.首先利用主成分分析对输入因子进行降维和优化,然后通过贝叶斯正则化对网络权值的限制来简化网络结构,从而有效地抑制过拟合.对嫩江流域江桥站年平均径流的仿真结果表明,贝叶斯正则化神经网络结合主成分分析的预报方法,可以显著地提高泛化能力和预报精度,而且网络收敛也比较稳定.     

基于遗传神经网络的边坡稳定性智能分析方法

分析了边坡稳定性的影响因素,建立边坡稳定性智能分析的系统模型.将遗传算法和人工神经网络相结合,并建立的遗传神经网络(GNN)具有较高的学习效率和较强的泛化能力.数值算例表明,GNN能有效地克服经典BP神经网络学习速度慢及泛化能力弱的缺点,基于GNN的边坡稳定性智能分析方法具有较高的分析准确率.图4,表2,参11.     

基于主成分分析和动态神经网络的时间序列预报

本文提出一种基于主成分分析（PCA）和动态神经网络的多变量时间序列预报方法,并对具体实例建立多变量时间序列模型。仿真实验结果表明该网络具有很强的学习能力和泛化能力,适合进行非线性时间序列预报。     

基于卷积神经网络的胶囊内镜息肉与溃疡辅助诊断

针对目前胶囊内镜(WCE)自动检测方法需要对每种病灶设计对应的识别算法以及识别准确率不高的问题,设计一种基于卷积神经网络的息肉与溃疡辅助诊断算法。与传统检测算法相比,卷积神经网络可自动学习病灶图像特征,实现更强泛化能力,更高准确率和效率。该方法针对具体WCE图像,首先评价图像R、G、B通道携带信息的特征;其次,分析全局直方图均衡化、伽玛变换和拉普拉斯变换对提升图像对比度的效果,选择其中表现最佳者与信息最丰富的2个颜色通道组合成3通道输入到卷积网络中训练和识别。测试表明,本算法识别准确率96.8%,比传统的经典图像检测方法高出至少16.73%,检测速度达到68.6图/s,能够推广应用到医疗辅助诊断领域。     

基于LVQ神经网络的人脸朝向识别方法

为了满足图像和视屏中人脸的位置,朝向和旋转都不是固定的特点,利用LVQ神经网络模型对图像中人脸朝向识别进行研究.实验采用Matlab工具箱进行LVQ神经网络设计,实现对人脸朝向的判断.实验结果显示,LVQ神经网络可以根据输入图像的二值信息,以较高准确率判断该图像的人脸朝向.     

采用BP算法和深度SAE网络的学生综合能力评价方法

针对现有评价方法需人工提取特征且评价准确率低的问题,提出基于反向传播(BP)算法的深度堆栈编码器(SAE)网络的学生综合能力评价方法.通过SAE网络对输入的学生各项指标成绩进行无监督训练,将SAE学习到的特征结合相应的样本标签,利用柔性最大值分类器(Softmax)进行有监督式分类.采用BP算法进行反向传播调整隐层权重,优化整个模型,以避免过拟合现象的发生.结果表明:该评价方法有利于解决需对传统神经网络进行人工提取和分析特征的问题,可提高评价结果的准确率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-