一种新型惯性式压电执行器研究

设计了一种惯性式压电执行器.该执行器由身体和4个弹性足构成.每个弹性足是一个带夹层的压电双晶片,称之为复合压电双晶片.首先阐述了该执行器惯性冲击式的运动原理;然后从热力学角度推导出复合压电双晶片悬臂梁端部挠度与外电压、外力的关系式;以此为基础建立了执行器的动力学模型,用13个设计参数如压电片的长度、宽度、高度,执行器质量和驱动电压等表征了执行器的运动状态;最后以驱动电压幅值为自变量,固定其他设计参数,得到了电压幅值与执行器平均速度的关系曲线.此理论计算与试验结果基本相符,证明所建立的执行器动力学模型是合理的.     

金属桥箔电爆炸驱动飞片过程数值模拟研究

为研究金属桥箔电爆炸等离子体驱动飞片全过程中飞片的性能特征和影响规律,建立了金属桥箔电爆炸驱动飞片全过程的多相流数值计算模型,并进行了数值模拟计算.计算中,利用了相变分数描述金属桥箔由固相到等离子体相的相态转变,采用了考虑粒子数目变化及粒子间库仑作用的高温高压等离子体状态方程描述电爆炸等离子体的形成和运动行为,采用了动网格模型描述飞片的运动.将计算结果与实验结果进行对比分析,计算得到的飞片速度值与实验值的误差小于5%,表明计算模型的准确性较好.基于该计算模型,对总面积相同的双体阵列桥箔和单体桥箔电爆炸等离子体驱动飞片过程进行了数值模拟,计算结果表明,由于阵列桥箔电爆炸过程中等离子体和冲击波的叠加汇聚作用,提高了能量转化效率,使得等离子体及冲击波流场对飞片的驱动力增加,从而提高了飞片的速度.等离子体流场对飞片表面的烧蚀厚度约为0.1μm,飞片的完整性较好.     

超高速加载下电磁感应测速的多物理场有限元模拟

电磁感应测速是超高速加载下获取飞片飞行速度的重要非接触手段,但测试信号的幅度、极性与飞片速度关系不明确限制了该测速方式的普遍应用,而目前尚未找到很好的解决方法。针对该问题,本文通过多物理场下的有限元模拟方法建立电磁感应测速模型,对电磁感应测速过程进行模拟分析,得到飞片速度与信号特征之间的关系,为磁感应测速方式合理应用提供理论基础。     

超声行波微流体驱动的流动特性分析

研究了超声行波驱动圆环模型的流动特性与影响因素.通过模态分析确定了模型的最佳驱动方式;通过谐响应分析和瞬态分析得到圆环形微管道内壁的振动位移分布以及行波运行情况;通过流固耦合分析得到微管道内流体的瞬时流动速度、时间平均速度以及各种参数对流动特性的影响.结果表明,圆环模型能在管道壁面产生较规则的行波从而推动管内流体流动.微管道内瞬时速度为正弦脉动量,时间平均速度为非对称的抛物线结构.该抛物线结构的形状受驱动频率的影响较大而受驱动电压影响较小,形状发生改变的频率范围在2kHz—2.5kHz之间.流体平均速度随粘度的增加而降低,首次发现流体粘度在0.07Pa.s时近壁开始出现反向流.此外,分析还发现耦合面结构对流体平均速度有较大影响.     

气垫导轨上条形挡光片的测速误差

<正>我们在气垫导轨上研究匀加速直线运动。假设两个光电门的距离为50.00cm,将导轨一端垫高,使滑块从某一固定点沿倾斜轨面下滑,则应该有 V_(AB)=1/2(V_A+V_B)在这里,V_(AB)是滑块通过两个光电门这段距离的平均速度;V_A是滑块通过光电门A处的瞬时速度;V_B是滑块通过光电门B处的瞬时速度。 下面我们用开口挡光片和条形挡光片分别测得一组数据:     

自转旋翼机跳飞的旋翼诱导速度分布研究

提出了一种自转旋翼机跳飞的旋翼叶素诱导速度随时间和径向站位的分布规律的分析方法.基于叶素理论和动量理论,建立总距突增时旋翼瞬态拉力和动态诱导速度的响应模型,通过NACA试验验证模型有效性.将响应模型引入考虑地面效应的自转旋翼机跳飞动力学模型,以总距突增和地面效应在跳飞中作用时间的起始点作为动力学模型数值求解的分段点求解方程.使用动力学模型对试验样机的跳飞性能进行仿真,并试验验证模型准确度.利用跳飞模型计算出试验样机跳飞中旋翼叶素诱导速度并分析其分布规律.结果表明某站位处诱导速度与时间的关系先呈线性后呈抛物线,某时刻诱导速度与径向站位近似呈线性.      

高能压电合成射流激励器的实验研究

为有效控制飞行器边界层的流动分离和增强掺混,提出了一种全新的流动控制技术. 采用微细加工技术成功地制作了压电合成射流激励器,并对其流场特性进行了测试,得到了激励器的流向和展向射流速度分布规律以及流向速度与频率之间的关系. 结合理论分析和数值模拟,验证了实验结果的合理性,对合成射流激励器的优化设计提供了重要参考. 从流向速度与频率关系曲线中,获得了Helmholtz频率(f_H=425 Hz)及压电薄膜的固有频率(f_M=850 Hz). 流向速度分布曲线表明,中心线速度最大值出现在喷口下游.      

一种新颖的四梁式压电薄膜微型陀螺

利用压电陶瓷的特性 ,采用IC兼容的技术 ,设计并制造了一种新颖的压电薄膜微型陀螺 .在Pt/Ti/SiO2 /Si基底上以sol gel技术铺设了高质量的压电陶瓷薄膜 .基于压电反效应 ,微型陀螺在其谐振频率上被 0 .3V的交流信号驱动 .由其压电正效应 ,可检测到与转动角速度成正比的输出信号 .本文介绍了该微型陀螺的设计原理 .实验结果证实了理论预测 .     

一个描述强激光驱动飞片高速运动的Gurney模型

在Gurney模型的基础上,结合变质量体系的动力学方程,提出了一种简单地描述在真空环境中强激光驱动飞片高速运动的计算模型．以强激光驱动铝飞片为例,根据一组飞片厚度（10μm）的速度实验结果,确定了模型中的激光／飞片能量耦合参数,并且通过与其他不同厚度飞片的实验结果比较表明,该模型在较宽的激光加栽强度范围内,对飞片运动的速度均有比较好的描述和预测能力,该模型具有一定的普适性．     

二维声子晶体色散关系的大尺度晶格动力学计算

提出了一种计算大尺度原胞的晶格动力学方法,对光滑硅薄膜的声子色散关系进行了检验.在不考虑声子区域折叠效应的条件下,通过比较超原胞和单原胞模型计算的声子色散关系,证实了所提方法的正确性.运用该方法研究了二维孔状硅声子晶体的色散关系.进一步研究了硅声子晶体色散关系与气孔率和膜厚的关系,结果发现,与相同厚度的光滑硅薄膜相比,孔的存在降低了三支声学的声子群速度;随着气孔率的增加,声子群速度快速降低;而增加薄膜厚度主要增加了法向声子群速度.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to