隔膜电解法复活含铬废水的研究

采用隔膜电解法处理鞍山自行车厂含铬废水。结果表明,此法具有设备简单、技术可行、经济合理等优点。其最佳工艺条件是:电流密度 0.078A/cm~2,温度 60℃,时间5h。在电解过程中,析氯的电流效率随电解时间的延长而降低,恰与溶液中氯离子含量相对应,若用40％复活液与原液混合电镀,可得到完全合格的产品。     

RaneyNi电极在葡萄糖、蔗糖电还原上的应用

采用自制隔膜电解槽,首先对阴极材料进行了选择,选出葡萄糖转化率最高的RaneyNi粉电极作为电解阴极。将氢过电位低的RaneyNi粉作为阴极应用到葡萄糖、蔗糖的电解还原中,在pH=10～11,通入电量为1.2F·mol-1,温度为60℃,电流密度为4A·dm-2,糖浓度为0.5mol·L-1最佳工艺条件下阴极电解还原葡萄糖转化率为73%,甘露醇产率为30%;在pH=9,通入电量为1.3F·mol-1,温度为35℃,电流密度为3.0A·dm-2,糖浓度为0.5mol·L-1工艺条件下电解还原蔗糖处理液,转化率为84%,甘露醇产率可达46%。     

全膜法处理电镀含镍漂洗水的零排放技术

采用全膜法对电镀含镍漂洗水进行回收处理.通过废水系统和生产系统的闭路循环,实现水资源高倍回用和重金属及添加剂的双重回收.长期试验结论和工程实际运行结果表明:全膜法处理单一镀种的含镍漂洗水时,废水回用率超过98%,回用水作为后段漂洗水循环使用;小于2%的浓缩液作为镀液补充到镀槽.本工艺既考虑了含镍浓缩液的循环使用,也考虑了水的回收,生产实际应用效果较好,实现了电镀含镍漂洗水、资源回收零排放.     

轴承钢表面镍基纳米金刚石的复合电镀

为提高滚动轴承表面硬度、耐磨性和使用寿命，按均匀试验设计，使用镍基复合电镀技术，探索了纳米金刚石微粒大小、质量浓度、电镀电流密度、镀液成分、温度及pH值等8个因素的各6个水平在不同组合下对轴承表面质量、硬度、结合力和金相组织等镀层性能的影响．试验表明：合适的纳米金刚石微粒大小、质量浓度、电镀电流密度、镀液成分、温度及pH值组合，可以有效提高轴承的表面硬度和耐磨性，表面金相组织均匀致密，从而达到提高轴承使用寿命的目的．     

海绵镍生产废水处理研究

介绍了海绵镍生产过程中含镍废水处理、镍回收工艺．利用无机膜进行过滤,防止杂质、油污引起树脂中毒失效,利用胺基膦酸树脂高效率回收废水中的Ni^2 ,回收的Ni^2 可直接返回生产工序使用．该工艺主要技术参数为：无机膜孔径0．8μm,交换操作流速5．2m／hr,再生液4％—5％H2SO4,再生液用量3—3．5Bv,再生流速1—2Bv／hr,再生方式顺流。     

电化学氧化法处理高浓度氨氮废水的实验研究

采用电化学氧化对模拟高氨氮废水进行预处理,考察了不同电极材料、电流密度、氯离子浓度和pH值等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响。研究结果表明,高电流密度和氯离子浓度有利于氨氮的去除,试验得到的适宜电解氧化条件为：电流密度15mA／cm3,氯离子浓度4000mg／L,采用Ti／RuO2～IrO2电极为阳极,电解2h。当初始氨氮浓度...     

镍电解冶金复合隔膜中添加剂对隔膜性能的影晌

本项目研究了镍电解复合隔膜制备过程中,高分子添加剂PEG的种类、和非溶剂添加剂甲醇的浓度等因素对镍电解复合隔膜性能的影响,找出了这些因素和镍电解复合隔膜性能之间的关系,同时也研究了蒸发时间、热处理温度对膜性能的影响。研究表明,非溶剂添加剂甲醇浓度和隔膜的透液速率和鼓泡孔径成正相关,PEG分子量和隔膜的透液速率和鼓泡孔径成正相关,蒸发时间应控制在5min以内,热处理温度与透液速率和鼓泡孔径成负相关。     

Ni-金刚石复合镀层的制备

通过复合电镀方法,在镀镍液中加入粒径为40 μm的金刚石粉体制备Ni-金刚石复合镀层.采用阴极动电位极化方法、扫描电镜和显微硬度计探讨镀液温度、pH、镍离子浓度、电流密度和金刚石粉体质量浓度对镀层质量的影响,优化Ni-金刚石复合镀的工艺参数;采用X线衍射分析仪表征优化后复合镀层的结构.研究结果表明:优化的镀液组成和工艺参数为:NiSO4·6H2O 132 g/L,NiCl2 15 g/L,H3BO3 30 g/L,镀液温度(50±1)℃,pH 3～4,阴极电流密度4 A/dm2,金刚石粉体质量浓度30 g/L;优化后的复合镀层表面平整,晶粒细小均匀,且金刚石粉体的质量分数为62.7％;与纯Ni镀层的晶粒相比,Ni-金刚石复合镀层的晶粒明显细化.     

膜电解法合成重铬酸钾的研究

采用自制聚四氟乙烯两室电解槽,以铂片作阳极,不锈钢片作阴极,Nafion？系列全氟磺酸阳离子交换膜作隔膜,铬酸钾、氢氧化钾为原料,研究了电解合成重铬酸钾的新方法。工作中以电流效率、转化率和直流电耗为优化目标,采用正交实验,探讨了电流密度、反应温度、阳极液K2 CrO4初始浓度、阴极液KOH初始浓度、反应时间、膜厚等因素的影响,最终确定电解合成重铬酸钾的最优工艺条件为：反应温度80℃,电流密度2．5kA· m-2,反应时间为理论电解时间408min,阳极液K2 CrO4初始浓度350g/L,阴极液KOH初始浓度50g/L,膜厚0．05mm。     

应用大块液膜法处理含铜废水

采用烷基膦酸为栽体的大块液膜体系处理含铜废水，研究了搅拌速度、料液相pH值、载体浓度、体系温度对Cu2 迁移的影响。结果表明，在搅拌速度为300～400r／min、料液相pH值控制在3．0～4．5、载体浓度为6．25％～7．5％、体系温度为288～308K的最佳工艺条件下，Cu2 的迁移率可达99．8％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with