亚微米氮化钛陶瓷粉末的燃烧合成实验研究

对ＴｉＯ＿２在氮气中的Ｍｇ热反应制备ＴｉＮ粉末的方法进行了试验研究。结果表明，ＴｉＮ的转化率受Ｍｇ粉加入量、反应物初始密度、ＭｇＯ稀释剂和含氮化合物加入量的影响，且其影响作用依次递减；加入ＭｇＯ可以明显改善ＴｉＮ颗粒形态、粒径和分布，使其从多边形颗粒变为球形颗粒。通过工艺优化获得了球形窄筛分ＴｉＮ微粉（０．２～１．０μｍ）．     

TiN涂层磨损特性的研究

ＴｉＮ涂层可显著提高零件寿命．研究ＴｉＮ涂层的滑动磨损行为有重要意义．研究结果表明，表面进行ＴｉＮ涂层后，Ｃｒ１２ＭｏＶ和ＬＭ１两种材料的磨损抗力大幅度提高；与ＴｉＮ涂层试样相配对的４０Ｃｒ试样的失重明显高于与没有涂层试样相配对的４０Ｃｒ试样的失重；Ｃｒ１２ＭｏＶ和ＬＭ１两种材料及其经过ＴｉＮ涂层后的磨损抗力相差不大．讨论了ＴｉＮ涂层对基体材料的要求．     

等离子体增强磁控溅射离子镀TiN膜的电镜研究

利用透射电镜研究了铁基体等离子体增强磁控溅射离子镀ＴｉＮ膜的组织和结构。在沉积ＴｉＮ之前先镀一层极薄的钛中间层，继之再沉积ＴｉＮ。研究结果表明：在基体和中间层界面处有ＦｅＴｉ相；在中间层与后继膜的交接处α－Ｔｉ与Ｔｉ２Ｎ有结构匹配关系；靠近中间层的后继膜由Ｔｉ２Ｎ和ＴｉＮ两相组成；而远离中间层的后继膜部分是ＴｉＮ组成的。     

沉积电压对辅助加热PCVD—TiN涂层的影响

研究了不同的沉积电压对辅助加热式ＰＣＶＤ－ＴｉＮ涂层的影响。实验证明,提高沉积电压可以细化ＴｉＮ涂层的柱状晶结构,增加ＴｉＮ涂层的显微硬度和沉积速率。在试验范围内,涂层内残存的氯含量基本不受沉积电压的影响。     

用TiCl_3低温化学气相沉积TiN的实验研究

运用热力学对用ＴｉＣｌ３为钛源在低温下化学气相沉积ＴｉＮ的可行性进行了论证，着重介绍了实验研究及实验结果。在所设计的ＴｉＣｌ３生成以及ＴｉＮ形成的实验装置上，通过对ＨＣｌ（ｇ）与ＮＨ３的流量和沉积总压强的调节与控制，在较低的温度（５５０℃）下，在钢基材料上获得了ＴｉＮ表面涂层。此研究旨在推动钢制工模具低温化学气相沉积ＴｉＮ涂层的应用     

钛的氯化物化学气相沉积TiN热力学

应用物质自由焓函数法（函数法）及化学反应平衡常数Ｋｐ，对ＴｉＣｌ２，ＴｉＣｌ３和ＴｉＣｌ４的生成反应以及它们与Ｎ２和Ｈ２反应化学气相沉积ＴｉＮ的热力学进行了计算与分析。结果表明，用ＴｉＣｌ３与Ｎ２和Ｈ２的气相反应，能在较低温度下获得ＴｉＮ，为低温化学气相沉积ＴｉＮ提供了理论依据     

高速钢刀具PVDTiN涂层工艺及其性能研究

针对高速钢刀具热阴极等离子镀ＴｉＮ涂层工艺参数进行试验研究，并对涂层刀具的 性能进行了分析。     

等离子化学气相沉积硬膜技术研究

用等离子体化学气相沉积（ＰＣＶＤ）技术制备了ＴｉＮ、ＴｉＣ、Ｔｉ（ＣＮ）和（ＴｉＳｉ）Ｎ膜及其组合的多层膜。ＰＣＶＤ具有很好的覆盖性，ＰＣＶＤ－ＴｉＮ具有很好的耐磨、蚀性，膜与基体结合良好，因而用ＰＣＶＤ法在高速钢刀具、模具及轴承上沉积ＴｉＮ可大大提高其使用寿命。ＰＣＶＤ－ＴｉＮ和Ｔｉ（ＣＮ）膜无明显柱状晶，其显微硬度高于ＴｉＮ亦可用于高速钢刀具、模具上提高其使用寿命。ＰＣＶＤ－（ＴｉＳｉ）Ｎ，晶     

TiN超微颗粒的合成研究

采用直流电弧等离子体法，在氮气气氛下用块状海绵钛成功地合成了ＴｉＮ超微颗粒。Ｘ射线衍射和透射电镜天空表明，通过改变实验条件，可以获得单一物相构成的ＴｉＮ超微颗粒，其晶格常数不随氮气压力变化而改变。ＴｉＮ粒径分布随氮气压力增加而变大，其超微颗粒的外形在气压低时主要呈立方体或长方体结晶形态。     

TiN薄膜的溅射制备工艺及光学性能

在ＳＰＦ－４３０Ｈ射频磁控射系统上用反应溅射方法制备ＴｉＮ薄膜，研究了制备工艺，讨论了薄膜的光学性能与溅射工艺参数的关系，实验结果在优化制备工艺基础上能制备出具有优良光学性能（高折射率、高透射率）的ＴｉＮ薄膜。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that