2种蛋白酶对鲢鱼蛋白质的酶解作用

为了利用蛋白酶水解低值鱼或鱼加工下脚料生产水解鱼蛋白质,以鲢鱼蛋白质为原料对比研究了原料前处理、底物浓度、酶解时间、产物抑制浓度等对碱性蛋白酶和复合蛋白酶水解鱼蛋白质的影响,并研究了用2种蛋白酶分阶段水解鱼蛋白质的工艺.结果表明,碱性蛋白酶水解鲢鱼蛋白质在pH 8.0时的适宜条件为:温度45 ℃,酶解时间20 min,蛋白质质量分数低于6%,产物氨基态氮质量浓度低于2.55 g/L;复合蛋白酶在pH 6.5时的最适水解条件为:温度50 ℃,酶解时间20 min,蛋白质质量分数小于6%,产物氨基态氮质量浓度小于2.25 g/L;用2种蛋白酶分段水解鲢鱼蛋白质可大大提高水解产物的氨基态氮含量,增加水解产物的得率.     

酶法水解鸡肝的工艺研究

采用5种蛋白酶分别对鸡肝进行水解,以水解度为指标,通过单因素试验,对原料预处理方法、酶解温度、pH、酶用量(E/S)、底物浓度及酶解时间等酶解条件进行优化,确定了Alcalase、Neutrase、Protamex、Fla-vourzyme以及木瓜蛋白酶水解鸡肝的工艺条件.综合比较酶解产物的水解度、氮回收率、感官质量和胆固醇含量发现,Alcalase水解能力最强,且产物苦味较弱;而Flavourzyme所得水解产物感官质量最好,无苦味,且具有较好的鲜味;酶解产物中均不含胆固醇.优选Alcalase用于单酶水解鸡肝,通过正交实验优化确定其最佳水解条件为:温度60℃,pH值8.0,加酶量1.25%,水解时间2.5h,底物浓度7.5%.在此条件下所得酶解液水解度为52.62%,氮回收率为85.32%.     

微波辅助酶法水解草鱼鱼鳞的工艺条件

研究微波萃取技术对木瓜蛋白酶水解草鱼鱼鳞条件的影响,探讨在一定的微波功率和辐射时间下,酶用量、底物浓度、酶解温度及酶解时间对水解度的影响,单因素试验确定较好的因素水平,正交试验确定最佳提取工艺条件.结果表明,在设定微波功率和辐射时间为400 W 60 s时,酶法水解草鱼鳞最佳工艺条件是：酶用量5 g/L、底物浓度20%、酶解温度60 ℃和酶解时间1 h.     

复合植物水解酶提取花生油脂体工艺研究

为了提高花生油脂体的提取率,选用复合植物水解酶辅助提取花生油脂体。通过单因素实验考察了料液比、酶用量、酶解时间、酶解温度对复合植物水解酶提取花生油脂体提取率的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交试验对复合植物水解酶提取花生油脂体的工艺进行优化。实验结果表明,在所选取的参数范围内,各因素对花生油脂体提取率的影响由大到小为:料液比、酶解温度、酶解时间、酶用量。获得其较佳工艺条件为料液比1∶4 (g/mL)、酶用量1.25%、酶解时间80min、酶解温度50℃,在该条件下花生油脂体提取率为48.92%。     

超声波辅助酶解法制备香菇酱

在蛋白酶水解法制备香菇酱的工艺中,首先研究了超声波对原料进行细胞破碎处理的操作条件,采用正交实验设计对影响蛋白酶水解效果的条件进行了选择优化。结果表明,超声波处理的最佳功率为200W、最佳处理时间为30min,蛋白酶水解的最佳工艺条件为酶解温度40℃、pH值4．5、酶用量1％、酶解时间60min,在此工艺条件下香菇酱的氨基酸含量为0．88％。     

酶法辅助提取迷迭香中主要活性成分研究

迷迭香原料采用纤维素酶酶解后,再对其主要抗氧化活性成分进行提取,并以鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚含量作为衡量工艺的主要指标,以提取物中的鼠尾草酸重量作为衡量工艺参数的优劣。采用L9(43)正交试验考察酶解时间、酶解温度、pH值、酶用量对产品得率等因素的影响。通过正交试验发现:酶用量0.2%、pH值为4、酶解温度为35~40℃、酶解时间4h,产品得率最高。     

虾类加工副产物酶解工艺初探

为了提高虾类资源利用率以及加工副产物的风味,采用酶法水解技术对影响虾类加工副产物酶解程度的各个因素进行了研究,包括酶制剂及其用量、固液比、酶解时间、酶解温度和pH。通过一系列单因素实验和对酶用量、酶解时间、酶解温度的正交试验确定了最佳酶解条件。结果表明:最适酶制剂为由中性蛋白酶与风味蛋白酶复合而成的复合酶;酶用量分别为中性蛋白酶1 000 U/g,风味蛋白酶1 000 U/g;固液比为1:5,其中固体为20 g;最适合的酶解温度:第一段酶解为55℃,第二段酶解为50℃;酶解时间:第一段酶解为1 h,第二段酶解为3 h;最适pH为7.0。     

响应面法优化纤维素酶提取真姬菇SDF工艺研究

以真姬菇(Hypsizigus marmoreus)下脚料为原料,采用纤维素酶提取可溶性膳食纤维(soluble dietary fiber,SDF),在加酶量、酶解温度、酶解时间、酶解p H等单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法分析优化工艺参数。结果表明,最佳提取工艺:纤维素酶添加量为0.57%、酶解温度为57.98℃、酶解时间为3.70 h、酶解pH为5.15,在此条件下,真姬菇SDF提取率达到10.20%。     

纤维素酶法提取花生壳中木犀草素工艺研究

研究纤维素酶法提取花生壳中木犀草素的最佳工艺条件。方法:采用紫外分光光度计在波长为n=408nm处测定木犀草素含量,以提取率为指标,分别考察了料液比、酶用量、酶解时间、酶解温度、回流时间对其含量的影响。纤维素酶酶解花生壳的最佳工艺条件:料液比1:8(w/v)、酶用量0.1%、酶解时间1.5h、酶解温度50℃、回流时间1.5h。     

凝胶过滤法分离纯化大豆蛋白肽

本文采用中性蛋白酶AS1.398水解大豆蛋白,通过正交实验确定最佳水解条件:水解温度、pH值分别为48℃和7.5,底物浓度为5%(W/V),酶用量为6%,酶解时间为4h,此时水解度(DH)达到24.57%。并对水解产物进行脱苦脱色,然后采用超滤以及凝胶过滤色谱法分离分子量1200以下的小肽并收集。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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