碳源及氮源Trichoderma reesei306对组织型纤溶酶原激活剂生物合成的影响

本文对不同种类的碳．氮源对Trichoderma reesei306组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t—PA)生物合成的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在所试的各种碳氮源中，碳源以玉米粉和纤维素，氮源以尿素和胰蛋白胨效果最好，通过正交试验确定了液体发酵培养基中碳氮源的最佳组成为：玉米粉20g／l、纤维素30g／l、尿素10g／l、胰蛋白胨2g／l，优化碳氮源后t—PA酶活提高了26％。     

重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体的工业化制备与性质研究

将含有人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体(K2tPA)重组表达质粒的工程菌经10L种子罐培养及100L发酵,IPTG诱导表达,其表达量为占菌体总蛋白的20％,表达产物经体外变复性、TI—Sepharose亲和层析、SP-Sepharose离子交换层析,每100L发酵液得重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体(K2tPA)纯品4g,纯度达95％以上,比活大于500000IU／mg,内毒素及热源含量、宿主蛋白残留量、宿主DNA残留量等均达到临床使用标准．其分子量(质谱测定)、氨基酸组成、N、C-端氨基酸序列分析等均与理论值相符．同时进行了等电点测定及肽图分析等性质研究．     

表面活性剂和促进剂对重组里氏木霉生物合成t-PA的影响

重组里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)是染色体上整合有组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)cDNA的基因工程菌株.对高产t-PA的重组里氏木霉菌株进行了筛选,并研究了乙酸钠和抗坏血酸(Vc)等促进剂及曲拉通(Triton100)、吐温80(Tween80)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)和蔗糖酯等表面活性剂对菌株生物合成t-PA的影响.结果表明:乙酸钠能促进t-PA的生物合成,在发酵培养基中,其浓度为0.1%时,酶活可提高36.42%;吐温80对t-PA的合成有促进作用,其浓度为0.1%时,酶活可提高82.04%;抗坏血酸也可促进t-PA的合成,其浓度为0.05%时,酶活可提高124.82%;曲拉通和十二烷基磺酸钠加入时完全抑制t-PA的合成;蔗糖酯对t-PA的合成有部分抑制作用.     

Reteplase基因的克隆及在甲醇毕赤酵母中的表达

进行了组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)突变体Reteplase(r-PA)基因的克隆,并在甲醇毕赤酵母(Pichia methanolica)中实现了胞外表达。以基因工程菌株里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)306染色体DNA为模板,通过PCR技术克隆了r-PA基因,将扩增产物克隆到pMD18-T载体上并进行了序列测定。测序结果表明:克隆到的基因序列长1.1 kb,与已发表的Reteplase基因同源性达99.91%,其编码的氨基酸顺序一致。文中还构建了甲醇毕赤酵母分泌性表达载体pMETαA-r-PA,用PacⅠ单酶切将pMETαA-r-PA线性化后,采用电转化的方法将其导入甲醇毕赤酵母PMAD16中,PCR和表型鉴定表明,筛选到Reteplase基因已经整合到甲醇毕赤酵母染色体上的阳性克隆。经摇瓶初步培养及以甲醇为唯一碳源诱导表达,胞外Reteplase表达水平最高达27.93mol/(s.L)。     

南京大学学报(自然科学)第40卷2004年总目次

第 1期蛋白质多肽药物制造与临床前研究专栏重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体基因的克隆及工程菌的构建与鉴定　　陈于红　朱镇华　刘蓓钫　张　菁　傅一工　　　王石泉　张　巍　杨　庆　刘建宁 ( 1 )……………………………………………………………………重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体的工业化制备与性质研究　　朱镇华　孙自勇　陈于红　张　菁　王石泉　　　杨　庆　刘莉莉　丁森　陈新园　刘建宁 ( 7)…………………………………………………………重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体的药效学研究　　赵专友　刘厚孝　张…     

尿激酶原激活是其催化纤溶酶原激活的限速步骤

尿激酶原催化纤溶酶原的激活包括3个反应：（1）尿激酶原内在酶活性催化纤溶酶原转化为纤溶酶；（2）纤溶酶激活尿激酶原变成尿激酶；（3）尿激酶激活纤溶酶原，所以一直以来人们对尿激酶原激活纤溶酶原的过程知之甚少．研究发现EACA可以抑制尿激酶原催化的纤溶酶原激活。通过EACA对上述3个反应的影响进行逐个分析，观察到在EACA浓度为2．0mmol／L时，尿激酶原内在酶活性催化纤溶酶原激活的反应速度提高了4．5倍，尿激酶激活纤溶酶原的反应速度提高了6倍．相反地，纤溶酶激活尿激酶原变成尿激酶的反直被抑制了50％，此反应决定了EACA对尿激酶原催化纤溶酶原激活反应的抑制作用．该结果提示尿激酶原催化纤溶酶原激活反应的限速步骤是纤溶酶激活尿激酶原变成尿激酶，缘于纤溶酶和尿激酶原的赖氨酸结合位点的相互作用．     

分泌性表达人rPA毕赤酵母工程菌株的构建及发酵条件的初步优化

通过PCR扩增得到组织型纤溶酶原激活剂突变体Reteplase(rPA)基因片断，将该基因片断插入到含有AOX1启动子和α分泌信号肽序列载体pPIC9K中，构建了重组表达质粒pPICgK／rPA，转化Pichia pastoris GS115宿主菌．通过比较转化子在MM和MD平板上的生长状况，筛选His^ Mut^s表型转化子．并在2．0mg/mL G418平板筛选得到多拷贝转化子GR10，GR11．摇瓶培养，甲醇诱导外源基因表达，表达产物经SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析，结果表明重组蛋白分子量约39ku，能与特异性单克隆抗体发生免疫反应；体外气泡法测定rPA活性，结果显示重组蛋白具有较好的纤溶活性．通过正交试验，优化发酵条件，表达活性最高为1050IU／mL．     

重组人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体基因的克隆及工程菌的构建与鉴定

利用RT-PCR技术,从人脐带静脉上皮细胞中克隆人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂基因,将其接入TA克隆载体PCR2．1中,经DNA序列测定后,以该重组质粒DNA为模板,用PCR方法获得了人组织型纤溶酶原激活剂缺失变体(K2tPA)基因,将其转入pET29a,构建了重组表达质粒pET29a／K2tPA,并转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,构成工程菌．经IPTG诱导表达,在40kDa处有一明显表达条带,表达量为约占菌体总蛋白的20％．该菌种在贮存与复苏及传代过程中具有良好的质粒稳定性和表达稳定性．     

Kunitz抑制剂家族成员抑肽酶对纤溶酶原活化的抑制作用

抑肽酶属Kunitz抑制剂家族成员，能够抑制激肽释放酶、纤溶酶及胰蛋白酶的蛋白水解活性．研究表明，抑肽酶能够抑制尿激酶型-纤溶酶原激活刹（u—PA）和组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（t—PA）对纤溶酶原的激活，但不影响u—PA和t—PA对小分子底物的酰胺水解活性．用u—PA研究了上述作用的机制，发现抑肽酶与u—PA的丝氨酸蛋白酶功能区特异性结合，而与纤溶酶原没有相互作用．抑肽酶与uPA的结合并不阻断u—PA的活性位点，因为u—PA对小分子底物的水解活性仍然保持．上述发现提示抑肽酶可能存在另一种抑制作用模式，该模式不同于以前报道的关于Kunitz抑制剂或纤溶酶原激活酶抑制剂的作用．由于人体内的Kunitz抑制剂与抑肽酶在结构上非常相似，根据研究结果，推测体内纤溶酶原的激活作用并非仅受丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的控制。     

碳源对里氏木霉β-聚糖酶合成的影响

研究了里氏木霉β-聚糖酶的生物合成,并比较了以玉米芯、纸浆、粗木聚糖为碳源对里氏木霉β-聚糖酶诱导合成的影响。结果表明:里氏木霉以15 g/L的玉米芯为碳源合成β-聚糖酶,培养4 d时滤纸酶活、羧基纤维素(CMC)酶活、纤维二糖酶活和木聚糖酶活分别为1.03 FPIU/mL、0.54、0.08和149.7 IU/mL;以纸浆为碳源,可得到较高纤维素酶活、较低木聚糖酶活的β-聚糖酶;以粗木聚糖为碳源,可制备低纤维素酶活的木聚糖酶,木聚糖酶活与CMC酶活的比值高达785.4,适合于纸浆的生物漂白。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with