干旱胁迫对三裂叶豚草种子萌发及幼根生长的影响

研究三裂叶豚草种子萌发及幼根生长对干旱胁迫的响应,旨在为科学防控提供依据.以三裂叶豚草种子为材料,用不同质量分数聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液处理,以蒸馏水处理为对照(CK),设置5%、10%、15%、20%、25%5个质量分数梯度代表轻度、中度、重度、极度、极重度干旱,测定日相对发芽率、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数,分析三裂叶豚草种子萌发情况;测定根表面积、投影面积、体积、根长、根尖数及根分叉数,分析幼苗根生长情况;统计种子恢复萌发情况.结果表明：无干旱胁迫的三裂叶豚草种子各萌发指标最高,干旱胁迫强度增加,种子各萌发指标减小,干旱胁迫强度极大时,种子不发芽.与CK相比,轻度干旱胁迫和重度干旱胁迫对三裂叶豚草根长影响不显著,但会促进侧根与不定根生长;中度干旱胁迫会使根长显著变短,并且会抑制侧根与不定根数量的增加.三裂叶豚草种子在PEG质量分数为24.69%的干旱时不发芽.种子在极重度干旱下不萌发,个别种子在极度干旱下不萌发,但当水分充足时,种子依然具有萌发能力.建议在三裂叶豚草种子尚未成熟前,人工拔除植株,或在入侵地种植耐旱强、生长快、根系发达、竞争性强的植物,以控制三裂叶豚草的生长发育...     

不同电场条件对柠条种子萌发和幼苗生长抗旱性的影响

用不同电场条件对柠条种子处理不同时间,实验表明,不同电场处理条件对种子的发芽势和发芽率产生不同程度的影响.电场的作用既可促进种子萌发,也可抑制种子的萌发.结果显示,在相同电场频率和电场强度范围内,长时间处理不利于加速种子的萌发.经恰当电场处理后的柠条种子,与对照组比较,在干旱胁迫下萌发种子的MDA含量变小,SOD和POD活性增加.电场处理种子具有增强柠条种子萌发期和幼苗生长对干旱胁迫耐受性的作用.     

水杨酸对干旱胁迫下夏枯草种子萌发的影响

用0.5~3.0 mmol/L水杨酸(SA)溶液对夏枯草种子进行浸种处理,然后用0.2 g/m L聚乙二醇(PEG)6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫,探讨SA对干旱胁迫下夏枯草种子萌发的影响。研究结果表明:干旱胁迫显著降低了夏枯草种子的萌发,严重抑制了夏枯草幼苗的生长。在0.5~3.0 mmol/L SA浸种处理下,夏枯草种子的萌发指标与幼苗生长指标均有不同程度的增加。1.5~2.0 mmol/L SA处理,可以显著提高夏枯草种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长指标和鲜质量指标。以2.0 mmol/L SA浸种处理效果最佳,过高浓度的SA处理会降低其干旱缓解效果。     

铅胁迫对乌麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

研究不同浓度铅胁迫下乌麦及小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长状况．结果表明：铅胁迫对乌麦及小麦的种子萌发具有低浓度下的激活效应和高浓度下的抑制效应；对幼苗苗长具有胁迫初期低浓度下的激活效应，随着胁迫时间的延长，转而表现为抑制效应；对幼苗根长具有显的抑制效应．幼苗的生长状况比种子萌发更能体现铅毒性的大小，而根长的变化可作为植物受重金属毒性影响的一个重要指标．     

铅处理对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

以小麦种子为材料,研究了不同浓度的铅(Pb)溶液对小麦种子的发芽、幼苗生长、幼苗叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量和细胞膜透性的影响.结果表明,高浓度的Pb可延缓和抑制小麦种子的萌发和幼苗生长;侧根、主根和芽对Pb的敏感程度为侧根＞主根＞芽;小麦幼苗在低、中浓度的Pb胁迫下通过增加侧根数来抵御Pb胁迫;高浓度Pb2 使膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量升高,使膜透性增加.     

干旱胁迫条件下激光辐照对油松种子萌发及膜脂过氧化的影响

在干旱胁迫条件下,对激光辐照的油松种子进行萌发实验,并对其幼苗进行了超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)的活性和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量测定.结果表明,激光辐照油松种子在干旱胁迫条件下的发芽率、根长、活力指数、幼苗鲜重等显著提高,萌发期油松幼苗保护酶系统超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性明显增强,膜脂的过氧化物丙二醛含量下降.这表明激光辐照可增强油松种子在干旱胁迫条件下的萌发及幼苗的抗旱性.     

藜(Chenopodium a1 bum L.)种子萌发基质条件试验

为探究藜(Chenopodium a1 bum L.)种子萌发的适宜基质条件,比对研究了6种不同基质条件下藜种子萌发情况。结果表明:藜种子萌发和幼苗生长初期对基质有机质含量、透气性无特别依赖性,缺少有机物的贫瘠土壤是藜种子萌发和幼苗生长的理想基质,认为水分是影响藜种子萌发和幼苗生长的首要因素;实验还发现,基质有机物和透气性的增加能促进藜种子萌发率和株高提前达到最大值。     

不同盐碱胁迫对火炬树种子萌发的影响

为阐明火炬树种子的抗盐碱萌发能力,研究了该种子在不同盐碱胁迫条件下的萌发情况。结果表明：随着胁迫强度的增加,种子萌发能力下降。萌发幼苗体内SOD活性先升高后降低,POD活性逐渐降低,脯氨酸、丙二醛含量增加;方差分析表明：POD活性、脯氨酸含量差异不显著,其它指标差异极显著。研究发现混合盐对幼苗的胁迫明显高于中性盐（pH=7．0）,说明盐胁迫和碱胁迫之间存在着明显的协同作用,使混合盐碱胁迫对幼苗伤害更大。     

吸湿回干种子处理对小麦萌发期抗盐性的影响

研究吸湿回干种子处理是否能提高小麦在萌发期及幼苗期的抗盐性．在盐胁迫下,处理种子的发芽率低于未处理种子,然而如果继续培养,观察其正常幼苗的比率,情况却截然不同,尤其在高盐胁迫下（１５ｇ／ＬＮａＣｌ）,处理种子正常苗比率显著高于未处理种子．随氯化钠浓度升高,处理幼苗的根数基本上呈上升趋势,而对照幼苗根数却在１５ｇ／ＬＮａＣｌ条件下急剧下降．处理幼苗的总根长、苗高也在高盐胁迫条件下（１５ｇ／ＬＮａＣｌ）显著大于未处理．另外,处理种子的发芽率对吸涨萌发０～２４ｈ内给予的氯化钠胁迫最敏感．     

盐碱胁迫对光皮桦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

利用中性盐NaCl、Na2SO4和碱性盐NaHCO3按不同质量比混合,模拟出15种盐碱度各不相同的盐碱逆境条件,进行光皮桦种子萌发试验,研究盐碱胁迫对光皮桦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明,在不同盐碱处理下,随着盐浓度及pH值的增加,种子发芽率、发芽指数均呈下降趋势,对幼苗胚生长抑制作用加强;在pH≥8.78,盐浓度≥100mmol/L胁迫下,光皮桦种子的萌发明显受到抑制,且萌发进程延缓,当盐浓度高达250mmol/L时,各盐碱处理下的光皮桦种子均不萌发;在pH≥7.08,盐浓度50mmol/L胁迫下,光皮桦早期幼苗无法正常生长;碱性盐对种子萌发的抑制作用强于中性盐.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that