用热重分析仪测量材料磁性的研究

本文报导用下皿式热重分析仪测量某些材料的磁性，并对测量铁磁材料的饱和磁化强度、居里温度、弱磁材料磁化率等磁性参数的可行性、精度、注意事项等做了较为深入的探讨．     

纳米金属Ni的饱和磁化强度和居里温度的尺寸依赖效应

目前,纳米铁磁材料的磁学性质得到了广泛的关注.利用振动样品磁强计测试了纳米金属Ni的饱和磁化强度和居里温度.结果表明,纳米金属Ni的饱和磁化强度和居里温度低于粗晶Ni的饱和磁化强度和居里温度.而且,纳米金属Ni的饱和磁化强度和居里温度都具有尺寸依赖特性.采用一理论模型解释了饱和磁化强度和居里温度的尺寸依赖特性.     

Fe3N和Fe2N体状化合物合成及其磁特性

纯铁粉在一定比例的氨和氢的气氛中与氮可以固气反应形成Ｆｅ３Ｎ和Ｆｅ２Ｎ体状化合物，研究了氨气和氢气的比例，温度和时间对反应产物的影响规律，进而确定了形成单一均匀的体状Ｆｅ３Ｎ和Ｆｅ２Ｎ化合物的条件，利用振动样品磁强计，磁天平和热磁分析等手段检测了Ｆｅ３Ｎ和Ｆｅ２Ｎ的磁特性Ｆｅ３Ｎ化合物饱和磁化强度（室温）为１３４Ａｍ＾２／ｋｇ居里温度为２６０℃而Ｆｅ２Ｎ化合物饱和磁化强度为２３．１Ａｍ＾２／ｋｇ属     

基于平均场理论的SmTbCo/Cr薄膜温度特性的计算与分析

运用平均场理论以及(Sm0.343Tb0.657)31Co69/Cr薄膜的饱和磁化强度Ms随温度变化的实验测量值,模拟计算了组分为(Sm0.156Tb0.844)31Co69薄膜的饱和磁化强度Ms温度特性曲线,计算结果与实验值较为吻合.理论和实验结果都表明.该种SmTbCo/Cr薄膜的居里温度Tc在200℃左右,而且在室温附近,该种薄膜的磁各向异性能Ku值高达4.0×106erg/cm3.     

轻稀土Ce、La取代六角铁氧体的制备和磁性

本文用化学共沉淀方法和空气烧结制备了M型和W型六角铁氧体Ce_xBa_(1-x)Fe_(12)O_(19)=Ce_xM,Ce_xBa(1-x)Fe_(18)O_(27)=Ce_xW和La_xBa_(1-x)Fe_(18)O_(27)=La_xW。测量了它们的饱和磁化强度、居里温度和磁晶各向异性场。讨论了Ce取代的W型铁氧体中Ce~(3 )和Fe(3 )间的交换作用以及W型铁氧体中的磁各向异性问题。     

Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12结构与磁性能的研究

采用铁芯测试仪测得合金样品的初始磁导率随温度的变化曲线,定出居里温度;用磁化强度小角旋转法测量非晶及晶化合金条带的饱和磁致伸缩系数λs;研究了不同温度退火后Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12合金的磁性.结果表明:Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12合金经退火后非晶相和剩余非晶相的居里温度随退火温度升高而提高;Co66Fe4Mo2Si16B12合金经高于500℃退火后磁性能变坏,是饱和磁致伸缩系数变大所致.     

金属间化合物RFe8Mn4的结构和磁性

通过X射线衍射和磁测量研究了金属间化合物RFe8Mn4（R＝Y,Gd,Ho和Er)的结构和磁性。所有这些化合物都具有单相ThMn12型结构,其晶格常数a,c和单胞体积V随原子序数增加而减小。HoFe8Mn4和ErFe8Mn4化合物的热磁曲线上出现了补偿点,补偿点温度分别为95K和70K左右。本文还给出了这些化合物的居里温度和饱和磁化强度。     

Mn_(1.25)Fe_(0.65)P_(0.5-x)Si_(0.5+x)系列化合物的磁热效应

研究了Mn_(1.25)Fe_(0.65)P_(0.5-x)S_(0.5+x)(x=0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08)系列化合物的结构和磁性.X射线衍射结果表明,化合物的主相均为Fe2P型六角结构,空间群为P62m.磁性测量表明,化合物均经历了一级相变;随着Si含量的增加,化合物的居里温度逐渐增大,磁熵变逐渐减小,饱和磁化强度略有降低,但热滞无明显变化.     

Y_2Fe_(17)C_X合金的结构和磁性研究

本文用X射线衍射和磁测量及~(57)Fe穆斯堡尔谱研究了Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金的晶体结构和磁性。碳原子在Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金中占据六方结构的6h晶位或菱形结构的9e晶位;C原子的加入使得Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金的居里温度和饱和磁化强度都有较为明显的变化,特别是近邻于C原子的Fe原子外层电子结构受到较大的影响。     

Tb3Fe（29-x）Crx（2.5≤x≤6.0）化合物的结构和室温特性

采用真空电弧熔炼法制备了Tb3Fe29-xCrx(2.5≤x≤6.0)系列化合物,采用X射线衍射和磁性测量等方法研究该系列化合物的结构和磁特性.实验结果表明,Cr含量在2.5≤x≤6.0时化合物保持Nd3(Fe,Ti)29型单斜结构,属于A2/m空间群.Tb3Fe29-xCrx系列化合物晶胞体积V随Cr含量增加而增加.随着Cr含量的增加,化合物的居里温度TC单调减小,低温自发磁化强度M0和饱和磁化强度Ms降低,各向异性场Ba先增加后降低,在x=3.5处出现极大值.     

TbFeCo非晶磁性薄膜温度特性的平均场理论计算

本文依据实验结果,运用平均场理论,计算了TbFeCo非晶磁性薄膜随温度连续变化时的饱和磁化强度M_s,得到了居里点、补偿点及M_s(T)随改变材料成分时的变化趋势图.这些结果对于研究磁光材料的记录特性及热稳定性具有一定的参考价值.     

非晶多层膜Fe/SnO2的磁特性

采用高频溅射制备了Fe/SnO2非晶多层膜，当SnO2层厚度ds固定为5mm时，样品的饱和磁化强度Ms随Fe层厚度dm的减小而降低，这主要受死层效应和维度效应的影响，样品在dm很小时，呈现准二维磁性，样品的居里温度Ic随dm的减小而单调下降，当Fe层固定为2ng时，Ms随ds的减小而升高。     

Co／Al多层膜磁性的界面效应和维度效应

蒸发法制备的Ｃｏ／Ａｌ多层膜的饱和磁化强度Ｍｓ因界面效应随Ｃｏ层厚度减小而下降，并存在一个０．６８ｎｍ的磁性死层、磁性层减小时，Ｍｓ与温度关系不再满足ＢｌｏｃｈＴ＾３／２定律，Ｍｓ随温度下降更快，表现出低于三维的低维磁性特征。同时，Ｃｏ／Ａｌ多层膜的居里温度随Ｃｏ层厚度减小而减小，遵从准二维标度定律，得出居里温度维度位移因子为０．６２。     

Magnetic recording of the Cenozoic oceanic crustal accretion and evolution of the South China Sea basin

We review and discuss some of the recent scientific findings made on magnetic data in the South China Sea (SCS). Magnetic anomalies bear extremely rich information on Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic evolution. 3D analytical signal amplitudes computed from magnetic anomalies reveal very precisely relict distributions of Mesozoic sedimentary sequences on the two conjugate continental margins, and they are also found very effective in depicting later-stage magmatism and tectonic transitions and zonation within the SCS oceanic crust. Through integrated analyses of magnetic, gravity and reflection seismic data, we define the continent-ocean boundary (COB) around the South China Sea continental margin, and find that the COB coincides very well with a transition zone from mostly positive to negative free-air gravity anomalies. This accurate outlining of the COB is critical for better tracing magnetic anomalies induced by the oceanic crust. The geometrically complex COB and inner magnetic zonation require the introduction of an episodic opening model, as well as a transform fault (here coined as Zhongnan Fault) between the East and Southwest Sub-basins, while within the East and Southwest Sub-basins, magnetic anomalies are rather continuous later-ally, indicating nonexistence of large transform faults within these sub-basins. We enhance magnetic anomalies caused by the shallow basaltic layer via a band-pass filter, and recognize that the likely oldest magnetic anomaly near the northern continental margin is C12 according to the magnetic time scale CK95. Near the southern continental margin, magnetic anomalies are less recognizable and the anomaly C12 appears to be missing. These differences show an asymmetrical opening style with respect to the relict spreading center, and the northern part appears to have slightly faster spreading rates than to the south. The magnetic anomalies C8 (M1 and M2, ~26 Ma) represent important magnetic boundaries within the oceanic basin, and are possibly related to changes in spreading rates and magmatic intensities. The magnetic evidence for a previously proposed ridge jump after the anomaly C7 is not clear. The age of the Southwest Sub-basin has yet to be further examined, most favorably with deep-tow magnetic surveys and ocean drilling. Our magnetic spectral study shows that the shallowest Curie points are located around the eastern part of the Southwestern Sub-basin, whereas within the East Sub-basin Curie depths are smaller to the north of the relict spreading center than to the south. This pattern of Curie depths is consistent to regional heat flow measurements and later-stage volcanic seamount distributions, and we therefore reason that Curie-depth variations are closely associated with later-stage magmatism, rather than with crustal ages. Although magnetic anomalies located around the northern continent-ocean transition zone (COT) are relatively quiet, this area is not a typical magnetic quiet zone since conceptually it differs markedly from an oceanic magnetic quiet zone. The relatively quiet magnetic anomalies are seemingly associated with a shallowing in Curie isotherm and thinning in magnetic layer, but our comprehensive observations suggest that the well-preserved thick Mesozoic sedimentary rocks are major causes for the magnetically quiet zone. The high similarities between various low-pass filtered marine and air-borne magnetic anomalies and satellite magnetic anomalies clearly confirm that deeper magnetic sources (in the lower crust and the uppermost mantle) have contributions to long-wavelength surface magnetic anomalies in the area, as already inferred from magnetically inversed Curie depths. The offshore south China magnetic anomaly (SCMA) becomes more prominent on low-pass filtered marine and air-borne magnetic anomalies and satellite magnetic anomalies, indicating very deeply-buried magnetic sources beneath it.     

A ferromagnet in a continuously tunable random field

Most physical and biological systems are disordered, even though the majority of theoretical models treat disorder as a weak perturbation. One particularly simple system is a ferromagnet approaching its Curie temperature, T(C), where all of the spins associated with partially filled atomic shells acquire parallel orientation. With the addition of disorder by way of chemical substitution, the Curie point is suppressed, but no qualitatively new phenomena appear in bulk measurements as long as the disorder is truly random on the atomic scale and not so large as to eliminate ferromagnetism entirely. Here we report the discovery that a simply measured magnetic response is singular above the Curie temperature of a model, disordered magnet, and that the associated singularity grows to an anomalous divergence at T(C). The origin of the singular response is the random internal field induced by an external magnetic field transverse to the favoured direction for magnetization. The fact that ferromagnets can be studied easily and with high precision using bulk susceptibility and a large variety of imaging tools will not only advance fundamental studies of the random field problem, but also suggests a mechanism for tuning the strength of domain wall pinning, the key to applications.     

TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5化合物的结构和磁性

用X射线和磁性测量研究了Mn替代Fe对TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5型金属间化合物的结构和磁性的影响。X射线衍射表明：TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5(x=1．5，2．0，3．0，4．0，5．0)化合物均为TnMn12型四方结构，晶格常数和单胞体积均随Mn含量增加而增大。磁性测量表明：TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5（x=1．5，2．0，3．0，4．0，5．0)化合物的居里温度和过渡金属次晶格磁矩随Mn含量的增加而逐渐降低；x=3．0化合物的热磁曲线上出现一个非零磁矩的类似补偿点；在4．5K温度下，化合物的饱和磁矩随Mn含量的增加而缓慢减小；x=3．0时达到最小值，然后又随Mn含量的增加而迅速增大。